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The Water Cycle GRD 6

The document presents an overview of the water cycle, highlighting its importance and key processes such as evaporation, condensation, precipitation, runoff, and infiltration. It discusses the unique properties of water molecules, the role of dissolved substances, and the impact of pollution on the water cycle. Additionally, it emphasizes the need for conservation and protection of water resources.

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4 views17 pages

The Water Cycle GRD 6

The document presents an overview of the water cycle, highlighting its importance and key processes such as evaporation, condensation, precipitation, runoff, and infiltration. It discusses the unique properties of water molecules, the role of dissolved substances, and the impact of pollution on the water cycle. Additionally, it emphasizes the need for conservation and protection of water resources.

Uploaded by

navinkumar.pardeshi
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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THE WATER CYCLE

PRESENTED BY : KAJAL PILLAI


INTRODUCTION
• Water is a precious resource, it is vital for all living things. Our bodies
are made up of at least 70% of water.
• Water on earth is constantly moving.
• Sources of water.
THE HYDROLOGICAL CYCLE : KEY STAGES
AND PROCESSES
1. Evaporation: Water turns from liquid to a gas, rising into the atmosphere.
2. Condensation: Water vapor cools and changes back into liquid water forming
clouds.
3. Precipitation: Water falls back to earth as rain, snow, sleet or hail.
4. Runoff: Water flows over land, eventually reaching rivers, lakes and oceans.
5. Infiltration: Water soaks into the ground, replenishing groundwater stores .
WATER MOLECULES AND THEIR UNIQUE
PROPERTIES
• Polarity
Slightly positive and a slightly negative end. It allows water to
dissolve many substances.
• Hydrogen bonding
Water molecules form hydrogen bonds with each other.
• High surface tension
Hydrogen bonds create strong cohesive force, resulting in high
surface tension, allows insects to walk on water.
EVAPORATION AND CONDENSATION : PHASE
CHANGES
• EVAPORATION:

Heat energy causes water


molecules to move faster, breaking
free from the liquid and turning
into vapor.
CONDENSATION

• As water vapor cools,


molecules loose energy and
slow down, forming liquid
water droplets that gather in
clouds.
WATER CYCLE MODEL
PRECIPITATION FROM VAPOR TO LIQUID
AND SOLID
• Rain- liquid water falls from
clouds.
• Snow – water vapor freezes directly
into ice crystals.
• Sleet-rain freezes into small ice
pellets before hitting the ground.
• Hail- large ice pellets formed
within thunderstorms.
GROUNDWATER

• Infiltration: water from rainfall and river soaks


into the ground, replenishing groundwater stores.
• Discharge: groundwater can flow back into
river, lakes and oceans, maintaining water levels.
• Plant uptake: plants absorb water from the
ground, contributing to transpiration and the
water cycle.
CHEMICAL REACTIONS IN THE WATER CYCLE
1. Carbon
dioxide
dissolution
2. Rock
weathering
3. Nutrient
cycling
ROLE OF DISSOLVED SUBSTANCES IN WATER
• Salts
Ions like sodium and chloride contribute to salinity in oceans and lakes.
• Minerals
Dissolved minerals like calcium and magnesium are essential for plant growth and animal
health.
• Nutrients
Nitrogen and phosphorus are essential for plant growth but can cause algal blooms in
excess.
• Oxygen
Dissolved oxygen is crucial for aquatic life, enabling respiration and supporting ecosystem.
POLLUTION AND ITS IMPACT ON THE WATER CYCLE

• Water contamination
Pollutants like chemicals, sewage and
industrial waste contaminate water sources
• Ecosystem damage
Harms aquatic life, degrade water quality
• Human health risks
Contaminated water can cause diseases and
health problems for humans who drink it.
CONSERVING AND PROTECTING THE WATER
CYCLE

• Reduce waste
• Protect watersheds (forests,
wetlands)
• Support sustainable practices
World water day is celebrated on
March 22.

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