 WHAT IS GLASS

Glass is an amorphous,
inorganic solid material,
often transparent or
translucent, formed by
rapidly cooling a molten
mixture of materials like
sand, soda ash, and
limestone, without
  TYPES OF
GLASSES
1) TRANSPARENT -
Transparent glass is a type
of glass that allows light to
pass through it, making it
clear and see-through.

2) This is achieved because the

glass is made from materials
(usually silica-based) that
have minimal light
 TYPES OF GLASSES

 TRANSLUCENT -
Translucent glass is a
type of glass that
allows some light to
pass through but
scatters it in different
directions, making
objects on the other
 TYPES OF GLASSES

OPAQUE GLASS - Opaque

glass is a type of glass
that does not allow light to
pass through, making it
fully non-transparent.
Unlike translucent or clear
glass, opaque glass
completely blocks the view
from one side to the other.
  SPECIAL GLASSES
CLEAR FLOAT GLASS
• Description: Clear float glass is the
most common and basic type of glass,
created by floating molten glass on a bed
of molten metal (usually tin).
• Characteristics:
• Transparent and allows maximum
light transmission.
• Smooth, flat surface.
• Easily fabricated and cut to size.
• Vulnerable to breaking, not impact-
resistant.
  SPECIAL GLASSES
Tempered Glass
• Description: Tempered glass is heat-
treated to be stronger than regular glass.
When it breaks, it shatters into small,
blunt pieces, making it safer.
• Characteristics:
• Four to five times stronger than
regular float glass.
• Breaks into small, safe pieces when
shattered.
• Resistant to thermal stress.
• Uses: Shower doors, windows in high-
  SPECIAL GLASSES
Laminated Glass
• Description: Laminated glass consists of
two or more layers of glass with a plastic
interlayer (typically PVB or EVA). The layers
are bonded under heat and pressure.
• CHARACTERISTICS:
• Holds together when broken, preventing
shards from falling.
• Offers sound insulation.
• Provides UV protection and improved
safety.
• USES: Windshields in cars, skylights,
  SPECIAL GLASSES
Insulated Glass (IG)
• Description: Insulated glass consists of
two or more panes of glass separated by
a sealed air or gas-filled space (often
argon) to reduce heat transfer.

• CHARACTERISTICS:
• Enhances thermal insulation,
reducing heating and cooling costs.
• Reduces noise transmission.

• USES: Energy-efficient windows,

  SPECIAL GLASSES
LOW-EMISSIVITY (LOW-E) GLASS
• Description: Low-E glass has a thin,
transparent coating that reflects infrared
(heat) radiation while allowing visible light
to pass through.
• CHARACTERISTICS:
• Improves energy efficiency by reducing
heat loss in winter and blocking heat in
summer.
• UV protection.
• Can be clear or tinted.
  SPECIAL GLASSES
TINTED GLASS
• DESCRIPTION: Tinted glass has a color
or tint added during the manufacturing
process to reduce glare and heat from the
sun.
• CHARACTERISTICS:
• Reduces glare and blocks some UV
light.
• Offers aesthetic appeal with various
color options (e.g., gray, bronze,
green).
• Slightly reduces light transmission.
  SPECIAL GLASSES
REFLECTIVE GLASS
• Description: Reflective glass has a thin
metal oxide coating that reflects light,
giving it a mirrored appearance.
• CHARACTERISTICS:
• Reflective surface that reduces glare.
• Provides privacy during the day by
making the interior less visible from
the outside.
• Offers solar control by reflecting
sunlight.
• USES: Commercial buildings, facades,
  SPECIAL GLASSES
PATTERNED GLASS
• Description: Patterned glass has a
decorative design or texture rolled or
pressed into the glass while it is still
molten.
• CHARACTERISTICS:
• Provides privacy while allowing
light transmission.
• Available in various patterns (e.g.,
floral, geometric).
• The texture can also diffuse light.
• USES: Windows, doors, skylights,
  SPECIAL GLASSES
BULLETPROOF GLASS (BALLISTIC
GLASS)
• Description: Bulletproof glass consists
of several layers of laminated glass or
polycarbonate to resist impact and
penetration from projectiles.
• CHARACTERISTICS:
• High level of impact resistance.
• Absorbs and disperses the force of a
bullet or other high-velocity objects.
• Often heavier and thicker than
regular glass.
  SPECIAL GLASSES
ACOUSTIC GLASS (SOUNDPROOF
GLASS)
• Description: Acoustic glass is designed to
reduce sound transmission between
spaces, using layers of laminated glass with
a sound-damping interlayer.
• CHARACTERISTICS:
• Greatly reduces noise pollution.
• Available in various thicknesses to suit
noise-reduction needs.
• USES: Recording studios, concert halls,
  GLASS BRICKS
GLASS BRICKS (also called glass
blocks) are solid, transparent or
translucent blocks made from molded
glass.
 They are typically used in construction
and interior design for creating walls,
partitions, and decorative features.
 Unlike traditional glass, which is
typically flat and transparent, glass
bricks are molded into a variety of
shapes and sizes, often with a textured
 CHARACTERSTICS OF GLASS
BRICKS
TRANSPARENCY AND LIGHT TRANSMISSION:
•Description: Glass bricks are designed to allow natural light to pass
through, though the amount of light can be influenced by the
thickness, texture, and color of the bricks.

TEXTURED SURFACE:
•Description: Glass bricks often have a textured surface, which can
range from smooth to highly patterned. The texture can help diffuse
light and provide privacy.

DURABILITY:
•Description: Glass bricks are made from thick glass that is often
stronger than regular glass. They are designed to withstand some
level of impact and are generally more durable than traditional glass
panes.

INSULATION PROPERTIES:
•Description: Glass bricks, especially those with air spaces between
the layers of glass, can offer some thermal and sound insulation
properties.
  PATCH FITTINGS
Patch fittings are hardware components used to
install and secure glazed partitions and glass
shutters (or doors), typically in commercial and
modern residential applications.

They are a popular choice for frameless glass

installations, providing both functional and
aesthetic benefits.

Patch fittings allow glass panels to be mounted or

connected without the need for a traditional,
visible frame, giving the installation a sleek,
 CHARACTERSTICS OF PATCH
FITTINGS
FRAMELESS DESIGN:
•Patch fittings are primarily used for frameless glass installations, meaning
they do not rely on a traditional frame to hold the glass

MINIMAL VISUAL IMPACT:

•The fittings are designed to be discreet, often smaller and less visible
compared to conventional framing hardware.

DURABILITY AND STRENGTH:

•Since they are used to secure large, heavy glass panels, patch fittings are
made from durable materials, such as stainless steel or brass, to
withstand the weight of the glass

VERSATILITY:
•Patch fittings can be used for a wide variety of glass installations, including
both transparent and decorative glass.

EASY INSTALLATION:
•Patch fittings simplify the installation process for frameless glass partitions
and doors, as they reduce the need for visible supports or large frameworks.
  TYPES OF PATCH FITTINGS

GLASS-TO-WALL PATCH FITTINGS:

• DESCRIPTION: These are used to
attach a glass panel to a wall or other
vertical surface. The patch fitting
typically consists of a base plate that is
fixed to the wall, and a clamp or hook
that grips the edge of the glass.
• KEY FEATURE: The fitting holds the
glass in place but is discreet, allowing
for a frameless appearance where the
glass appears to "float" or be
  TYPES OF PATCH FITTINGS
Glass-to-Glass Patch Fittings:
•DESCRIPTION: These fittings are used
where two glass panels meet at an angle
or joint. Patch fittings for glass-to-glass
applications typically consist of a fixed
component and a moveable component
that clamps the edges of the glass panels
together.
•KEY FEATURE: These fittings allow for
the seamless connection of two glass
panels without visible hardware. They are
typically designed to allow a clean 90-
  TYPES OF PATCH FITTINGS
PIVOT PATCH FITTINGS

•DESCRIPTION: Pivot patch fittings are designed to

allow glass doors to swing open or closed. These fittings
typically consist of a base and a top patch fitting, which
enables the door to pivot on its axis.

•Key Feature: Pivot patch fittings are often designed to

support the weight of large glass doors and can be
adjusted for smooth operation. They may also
incorporate locks and handles for security.
  TYPES OF PATCH FITTINGS

SLIDING GLASS PATCH FITTINGS:

• DESCRIPTION: Sliding patch fittings are
designed to enable the movement of
glass panels along a track. These fittings
include both top and bottom fixtures that
guide the glass as it slides, allowing it to
open and close smoothly.
• KEY FEATURE: These fittings enable
frameless glass doors to slide along
tracks, typically for sliding glass
partitions, sliding doors, or
 TYPES OF PATCH FITTINGS

LOCKING PATCH FITTINGS:

• Description: Locking patch fittings are
used to secure glass doors, offering
security for commercial or high-traffic
areas. These fittings integrate locks
directly into the patch fitting, securing
the glass panel in place.
• Key Feature: Provides added security
by locking glass panels into place, often
using a key or electronic mechanism.
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