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Asthma Presentation

Asthma is a chronic lung disease characterized by airway inflammation, obstruction, and hyperreactivity to triggers, which can be allergic or non-allergic. Risk factors include genetics, exposure to secondhand smoke, and certain health conditions, with symptoms ranging from mild to severe. While asthma cannot be cured, treatments such as inhalers and control medicines help manage symptoms and prevent attacks, with severe cases potentially requiring procedures like bronchial thermoplasty.

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15 views10 pages

Asthma Presentation

Asthma is a chronic lung disease characterized by airway inflammation, obstruction, and hyperreactivity to triggers, which can be allergic or non-allergic. Risk factors include genetics, exposure to secondhand smoke, and certain health conditions, with symptoms ranging from mild to severe. While asthma cannot be cured, treatments such as inhalers and control medicines help manage symptoms and prevent attacks, with severe cases potentially requiring procedures like bronchial thermoplasty.

Uploaded by

mettushruthika
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SEMINAR ON ASTHMA

PRESENTED BY:
M.SHRUTHIKA
170523883008
PHARM D PB 2ND YEAR
INTRODUCTION:
Asthma is a non-communicable chronic lung disease, characterized by the following:
Air way inflammation
Air way obstruction mainly due to muscle spasm, associated with mucosal edema and stagnation of mucous.
Airway hyper reactivity to aerobiological irritanta.
CAUSES: The exact cause of asthma is unknown.
An asthma attack can happen when you are exposed to an asthma trigger. An asthma trigger is something
that can set off or worsen your asthma symptoms. Different triggers can cause different types of asthma
Allergic asthma is caused by allergens. Allergens are substances that cause an allergic reaction. They can
include
• Dust mites
• Mold
• Pets
• Pollen from grass, trees, and weeds
• Waste from pests such as cockroaches and mice
Nonallergic asthma is caused by triggers that are not allergens, such as
• Breathing in cold air
• Certain medicines
• Household chemicals
• Infections such as colds and the flu
• Outdoor air pollution
• Tobacco smoke
• Occupational asthma is caused by breathing in chemicals or industrial dusts at work
• Exercise-induced asthma happens during physical exercise, especially when the air is dry
• Asthma triggers may be different for each person and can change over time.
RISK FACTORS OF ASTHMA:
Asthma affects people of all ages, but it often starts during childhood. Certain factors can raise your risk of
having asthma:
Being exposed to secondhand smoke when your mother is pregnant with you or when you are a small child
Being exposed to certain substances at work, such as chemical irritants or industrial dusts
Genetics and family history.
Race or ethnicity. Black and African Americans and Puerto Ricans are at higher risk of asthma than
people of other races or ethnicities.
Having other diseases or conditions such as obesity and allergies
Often having viral respiratory infections as a young child
Sex. In children, asthma is more common in boys. In teens and adults, it is more common in women.
symptoms of asthma:
The symptoms of asthma include:
Chest tightness
Coughing, especially at night or early morning
Shortness of breath
Wheezing, which causes a whistling sound when you breathe out
These symptoms can range from mild to severe. You may have them every day or only once in a while.
Sometimes they can be life-threatening.
Your health care provider may use many tools to diagnose asthma:
Physical exam
Medical history
Lung function tests, including spirometry, to test how well your lungs work
Tests to measure how your airways react to specific exposures. During this test, you inhale different
concentrations of allergens or medicines that may tighten the muscles in your airways. Spirometry is done
before and after the test.
Peak expiratory flow (PEF) tests to measure how fast you can blow air out using maximum effort
Fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) tests to measure levels of nitric oxide in your breath when you
breathe out. High levels of nitric oxide may mean that your lungs are inflamed.
Allergy skin or blood tests, if you have a history of allergies. These tests check which allergens cause a
reaction from your immune system.
Treatments for asthma:
The plan will include ways to manage your asthma symptoms and prevent asthma attacks. It will
include:
Asthma cannot be cured but there are several treatments available. The most common treatment is
to use an inhaler, which delivers medication directly to the lungs.
Inhalers can help control the disease and enable people with asthma to enjoy a normal, active life.
Short-term relief medicines, also called quick-relief medicines. They help prevent symptoms or
relieve symptoms during an asthma attack. They include an inhaler to carry with you all the time.
It
may also include other types of medicines which work quickly to help open your airways.
Control medicines. You take them every day to help prevent symptoms. They work by reducing
airway
inflammation and preventing narrowing of the airways.
If you have a severe attack and the short-term relief medicines do not work, you will need
emergency care.
Your provider may adjust your treatment until asthma symptoms are controlled
If you have a severe attack and the short-term relief medicines do not work, you will need
emergency care.
Your provider may adjust your treatment until asthma symptoms are controlled.
Sometimes asthma is severe and cannot be controlled with other treatments. If you are an adult with
uncontrolled asthma, in some cases your provider might suggest bronchial thermoplasty. This is a
procedure that uses heat to shrink the smooth muscle in the lungs. Shrinking the muscle reduces
your airway's ability to tighten and allows you to breathe more easily.
QUESTIONS:
1. what is asthma?
2.Who is at risk for asthma?
3.What are the symptoms of asthma?
4.What are the treatments for asthma?
5. what is bronchial thermoplasty?
THANK YOU

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