Internet and

how it works
introduction
 Internet is defined as a network
of millions of computers
connected to each other
worldwide you can relate the
term Internet to the telephone

introduction
network or the Interstate
highway system which is spread
across and interconnected to
each other it is the largest
information database and has
become a vital part of our lives it
enables the users to share ideas
and search for information on
any topic the Internet has
transformed the entire world into
a global village
history
 In 1969, when humans first walked on
the moon, the U.S. Department of
Defense established the Advanced

history
Research Projects Agency (ARPA) to
conduct further research. They
developed a network of four computers
to exchange and share data, known as
ARPANET. Over time, several universities
were granted access to this network,
allowing them to share information. This
marked the beginning of computer
networking, which continued to expand
and eventually led to the birth of the
Internet—a technology that has
transformed our lives.
Initially, the Internet was primarily used
by engineers, scientists, and computer
experts for research purposes. However,
it was gradually made accessible to
private organizations and the general
public. People began using it to send
messages and transfer files between
computers.
In India, Internet services were officially
launched on August 15, 1995, through
 World wide web

The World Wide Web (WWW) or simple web is a means of accessing and sharing information over the internet. It
contains millions of documents, called Web Pages. Each page contains text, graphics, video, audio, and links to other
web pages called Hyperlinks. To access and traverse through these web pages, one requires a software program
called Web Browser. The most popular browsers are Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox, and Internet Explorer.
In 1990, while working at European Council for Nuclear Research (CERN), Sir Tim Berners-Lee, along with Robert
Cailliau, invented the World Wide Web. Today the World Wide Web is the greatest database of human knowledge
 Video conferencing

A Video Conference is a mode of communication that involves exchanging audio and video at the same time between people sitting at
geographically different locations. The participants can view each other on their monitors, as well as hear voice over speakers of their
laptops or desktop computers.​
It involves the use of camera known as Webcam​
as well as a microphone. The participants can also capture video and audio data in real time. Images and sounds are transmitted through
the internet and delivered to other participants.​
This technology is mainly used for virtual meetings among a group of people to discuss political, business, medical, or social affairs. On
television, many times we see that a programme host is conducting an interview among several participants sitting in different cities and
 chatting

A chat is a text-based communication between one or more users in which messages are exchanged back and forth in
real time through a chat software. Chat messages are generally short in orderto enable other participants to respond
quickly.
Chat is also known as Online chat, or Internet chat. Chat not only allows you to exchange text messages, but it also
allows you to interact with the other users through voice and video chats.
There are various types of chats available on the internet. One can chat through instant messenger, a chat room, a
 Google hangouts

Google Hangouts is a free chat service that allows its members to participate in text, voice, or video chats. The chat
can be in the form of one-to-one conversation or group chat involving ten people at the most. It can be easily
installed and used on laptops, desktops, and mobile devices. This application is available for different operating
systems including Windows, Android, and ios.
In addition to chatting, Google Hangouts users can also use it to share documents, images, and YouTube videos with
 E-learning

Elearning means 'Electronic Learning. It reters to learning with the use of technology thatenables the
people to learn anytime or anywhere. E-learning can be implemented by sing an internet connection, a
network, an intranet, or a storage disk. It is less expensivethan traditional learning and can be used to
impart training to a large group of students at the same time, in an interactive and interesting manner.
Thus, it saves time and reduces the need for costly classroom-based training. The quality of the
 E-banking

E-banking stands for Electronic Banking. It is the way of performing bank transactions using the internet. It enables
the customers to perform all routine transactions such as account transfers, balance enquiries, bill payments and
stop payment requests, and some even offer online loan and credit applications. These transactions can be done
from anywhere, irrespective of time, if one has an internet connection on his computer. As all the services are web
enabled; the customer needs to log in to the website of State Bank of India
bank and access the centralised database by specifying the
 E-commerce

E-commerce stands for Electronic Commerce, which means online commercial activities. It involves
buying and selling of goods and services, or the transmitting of funds or data over the internet.
Lots of internet services are available to promote business electronically. The internet offers us
convenient ways to shop from our homes or offices for almost everything, such as movies, games,
stationery, apparels, health care and personal products, home appliances, and ellectronic items etc.