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UNIT-IV

The document explains constructors in C++, which are special member functions that initialize class objects and are automatically called upon object creation. It describes three types of constructors: default, parameterized, and copy constructors, providing examples for each. Additionally, it includes code snippets demonstrating their usage and functionality.

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5 views13 pages

UNIT-IV

The document explains constructors in C++, which are special member functions that initialize class objects and are automatically called upon object creation. It describes three types of constructors: default, parameterized, and copy constructors, providing examples for each. Additionally, it includes code snippets demonstrating their usage and functionality.

Uploaded by

thakurshah1216
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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BLOCK-1

UNIT-4
CONSTRUCTOR

A constructor is a special type of member function of a


class which initializes objects of a class. In C++,
Constructor is automatically called when object(instance
of class) create. It is special member function of the class
because it does not have any return type.

~ tilde
E.g
#include<iostream.h>
class c
{ c()
{
public:
n=10;
cout<<n;
}
};
void main()
{
c obj;
}
TYPES OF CONSTRUCTOR
1) Default Constructor: that has no parameters, or if it has a
parameters, all the parameters have default values.
2) Parameterized Constructor: can take the arguments .
3) Copy Constructor
Default Constructor
1) Default Constructor: that has no parameters, or if it has a parameters, all the
parameters have default values.
Class student
{
int roll_no;
Public:
student(); //no parameters
Student::student()
{
-------
--------
};
Student s;
Parameterized Constructor

Parametrized constructor is a special type of


constructor where an object is created, and
further parameters are passed to distinct
objects.
Syntax of Parameterized Constructor
class class_name
{
Access Specifier: Member - Variables
Member - Functions
public:
class_name(variables)
{
// Constructor code
}
//... other Variables & Functions }
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class ParamA
{
private:
int b, c;
public:
ParamA (int b1, int c1) //passing parameters
{
b = b1;
c = c1;
}
int getX ()
{
return b;
}
int getY ()
{
return c;
}
};
int main ()
{
ParamA p1(10, 15);
cout << "p1.b = " << p1. getX() << ", p1.c = " << p1.getY();
return 0;
}
The copy constructor in C++ is used to copy data of one object to another.
// declare a class
class Wall
{
private:
double length;
double height;
public:
// initialize variables with parameterized constructor
Wall(double len, double hgt)
{
length = len;
height = hgt; }
// copy constructor with a Wall object as parameter
// copies data of the obj parameter
Wall(Wall &obj)
{
length = obj.length;
height = obj.height;
}
double calculateArea() {
return length * height; }
};
int main() {
// create an object of Wall class
Wall wall1(10.5, 8.6);
// copy contents of wall1 to wall2
Wall wall2 = wall1;
// print areas of wall1 and wall2
cout << "Area of Wall 1: " << wall1.calculateArea() << endl;
cout << "Area of Wall 2: " << wall2.calculateArea();
return 0;
}
Class abc
{
public:
abc(); //constructor
{
cout<<“hello”;
}
};
Main()
{
abc ob; //call the costructor
}
Class car
{
public:
string brand;
string model;
int year;
car(string x, string y, int z)
{
brand =x;
model=y;
year=z;
}
};
Int main()
{
car ob1(“FORD”, “AA”, 2009)
car ob2(“SANTRO”, “XO”, 2022)
cout<<ob1.brand;
cout<<ob1.model;
cout<<ob1.year;
cout<<ob2.brand;
cout<<ob2.model;
cout<<ob2.year;
Return 0;
}
Class abc
Main()
{
{
int x,y;
abc ob1(11,23);
public:
abc ob1=ob2;
abc(int x1, int y1)
Cout<<“First Constructor”;
{
Ob1.disp();
x=x1;
Cout<<“Copy Constructor”
y=y1;
Ob2.disp();
}
}
Copy(abc &H)
{
Syntax
x=H.x;
Copy(constructor_name &ob)
y=H.y;
}
Void disp()
Class A
{
{
cout<<x<<y;
public:
}
~A()
};
{
cout<<“CONSTRUCTOR DESTROYED”;
}
};

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