PROFIBUS PA

 PROFIBUS PA = PROFIBUS for Process

Automation
 PA is based on the DP and DP Extended protocol
 DP Master Class 1 controls both DP AND PA field
devices
 Definitions for DP protocol also valid for PA:
 Parameterization
 Configuration
 Cyclic data exchange
 Diagnostic
 ...

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 Physical Setup
 Physical layer based on IEC 1158-2
 Synchronous data transfer with Manchester coding
 Power AND data are transferred via the same wire
 Different components for the physical setup (cable,
connectors, termination…)
 Rules regarding topology and length according to
IEC 1158-2
 Transmission rate is 31.25kbaud

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 Physical Setup (continued) - Comparison

RS485 IEC 1158-2

Physics
wire carries data only wire carries data and power

9,6K; 19,2K; 45,45K; 93,75K; Transmission 31,25K

187,5K; 1,5M; 3M; 6M; 12M Rate

NRZ (No Return to Zero) Coding Manchester

11 bits per data byte 8 bits per data byte

1 start bit, 8 data bits (LSB first) Character
8 data bits (MSB first)
Format
1 parity bit (even parity), 1 stop bit
1 parity bit for each character 16 bit CRC (Cyclic Redundancy
Check Check)
1 byte FCS check sum Sequence
(Frame Check Sequence)

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 Message Structure
SD LE LEr SD DA SA FC DU.. FCS ED

P SOF SD LE LEr SD DA SA FC DU.. CRC EOF

P: 16 Bit Preample
SD: Start Delimiter
LE: Net Data Length (DU) + DA, SA , FC, DSAP, SSAP
LEr: Length repeated
DA: Destination Address (Where the message goes to)
SA: Source Address (Where the message comes from)
FC: Function Code ( FC=Type & Priority of Message)
DU: Data Unit (Up to 246 Bytes including 2 Bytes for SAP’s)
FCS: Frame Checking Sequence
CRC: 16 Bit Cyclic Redundancy Check
ED: End Delimiter
EOF: End Of Frame

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 Character Format

Clock

Binary 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0

+
„1“
NRZ 0
(PROFIBUS) „0“ 0

+
Manchester „1“ 0
Bitphase L 0 -
(PROFIBUS-PA) +
„0“ 0
-
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 Network Addressing

1 1
PROFIBUS PROFIBUS
45.45kbaud up to 12Mbaud

PA Link
2 X PA Link
3 X
X PA X PA 24 V
PA
24 V
PA
24 V
Coupler
24 V
Coupler 1 Coupler
1 Coupler

2 3 4 3 4 3
PROFIBUS PA 31.25kbaud

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 Network Topology

Spur
Line
PROFIBUS

Star

(Main) Line
24 V

PROFIBUS PA T Branch Termination

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 Network Topology (continued)

+
-

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 Network Setup - Rules (continued)

PA
24 V Coupler

Up to 31 PA field
devices can be
connected to ONE
coupler

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 Network Setup - Rules

Up to 5 couplers can be used with one link

= PA Link = PA Coupler

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 Network Setup - Rules (continued)

PA Link PA
Coupler
24 V

Up to 31 PA field devices
can be connected to ONE
link - INDEPENDENT of the
number of couplers

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 Network Setup - Rules (continued)

PA Link PA
Coupler
24 V

I Maximum current flow per coupler:

400mA for x
110mA for EEx [ib] II C ignition protection
90mA for EEx [ia] II C ignition protection

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 Network Setup - Rules (continued)

24 V
Maximum segment length
per coupler = 1,900m

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 Network Setup - Rules (continued) (Allowed Length
PER Drop/Spur Line)

140
120
120

100 Maximum L ength

90
(Non E x) [m]
80
Maximum L ength
60 60 (E x) [m]

40 30
30 30 30
20

0
1..12 13..14 15..18 19..24

[Number of Spur Lines]

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 PA Profile
 Definition on the application layer level
 Profile defines variables, function blocks, meaning of
the data, mapping to communication services...
 Devices with the same profile implemented can be
exchanged
 Current version of PA Profile is V3.0
 Available as official PROFIBUS International
document with order no. 3.042
 Pre-defined GSD files for various PA field devices
available

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 PA Profile (continued)

Status DP services
cyclic and
Measured value acyclic

Profile B
Measuring range

Filter time
(e.g. for
Alarm/warning limits pressure
DP Services transmitters)
Alarm summary acyclic

TAG

Manufacturer-specific DP services
parameters acyclic

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 Electronic Data Sheets

GSD File for description of

PROFIBUS-PA communication parameters

GSD
PROFIBUS
Configuration Tool

DD PROFIBUS
Engineering Tool
PA Field
Device Device Description File for
specification of functionality

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 Engineering Tool
PROFIBUS (up to 12 Mbaud)

Engineering Tool
(Diagnostic Master)

Direct access to field

device via DP
Extensions (e.g.
to change range of
measurement)

PROFIBUS-PA (31.25 kbaud)

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