Foundation Fieldbus fundamentals

Foundation Fieldbus fundamentals

Description:

This chapter introduces to the concepts of Foundation Fieldbus.

Objectives:

On completion of this chapter you will know the different configurations

and connection types and the concepts of Fieldbus Adaptations,
basic functions and industrial applications of Foundation Fieldbus.

Reference List:

Bibliography Chapter 21
G-K

ABB University. Chapter 02-1

Traditional Control System

HSI
Engineering
Tool

Ethernet

Control network

SFC
IDF
Control functions
PID
Control hardware
AI,AO
DI,DO
I.S.-Barriers

Marshalling
Power Supply
Fuse Transmitters, actuators

ABB University. Chapter 02-2

Foundation Fieldbus based Control System
Engineering Operator
Aspect Directory Server Workplace Workplace

Plant Network

Connectivity Server FF Connectivity Server 800xA

with OPC Server FF with OPC Server 800xA

Control Network

AC800M with CI860

red. pair of HSE Network

LD800HSE LD800HSE

H1 Links
H1 Links

H1 Field Devices

H1 Field Devices
H1 Field Devices

ABB University. Chapter 02-3

FF - Basic Overview

Devices
Function Blocks
FB Applications
H1 and HSE Networks

ABB University. Chapter 02-4

 FOUNDATIONTM Fieldbus H1 Devices

Classical Sensors
Temperature, Level,
Flow, Pressure
Classical Actuators
Valve Positioners
Other Devices
F/I, F/P, I/F, P/F
Analytical Devices

ABB University. Chapter 02-5

Device Description

 DD describes data
D
De evic
sc
rip e
ti o
n Online
 Device has online data Configuration
 DD + online data together
provide online
+
configuration capability Device

 Information from DD is
not sufficient for offline
configuration

ABB University. Chapter 02-6

Capabilities File

 Offline configuration
possible with D
De evic
sc
DD + Capabilities File rip e
ti o
n Offline
Configuration

+
Device

Ca
pa
b
Fil ility
e

ABB University. Chapter 02-7

Device Component Model

ABB University. Chapter 02-8

FF - Basic Overview

Devices
Function Blocks
FB Applications
H1 and HSE Networks

ABB University. Chapter 02-9

Function Block Model

Algorithms
Inputs Outputs

Mode Structure
(Manual, Auto, etc...)

ABB University. Chapter 02-10

Function Block Classes

ABB University. Chapter 02-11

Basic Function Blocks

Input Subclass
Analog Input
Discrete Input
Output Subclass
Analog Output
Discrete Output
Control Subclass
Bias & Gain
Control Selector
Manual Loader
PID Control
PD Control
Ratio Control

ABB University. Chapter 02-12

Advanced Function Blocks

Control Subclass
Device Control
Splitter
Signal Characterizer
Lead/Lag
Deadtime
Integrator
Setpoint Ramp Generator
Input Selector
Arithmetic
Timer
Analog Alarm

ABB University. Chapter 02-13

 Function Blocks

Different devices support different functions blocks

Most devices support a fixed number of function blocks
E.g. 1 resource block, 1 transducer block, 1 AI block
User can modify parameters
Some devices support instantiation – User defines which blocks to use
and how many
Device supports a library of functions
User can select which functions a device will execute
User can define connections between functions
User can modify parameters
Configuration depends on capabilities of devices
Interoperability depends on capabilities of devices

ABB University. Chapter 02-14

FF - Basic Overview

Devices
Function Blocks
FB Applications
H1 and HSE Networks

ABB University. Chapter 02-15

Function Block Application

ABB University. Chapter 02-16

Function Block Application

ABB University. Chapter 02-17

H1 Configuration Example

H1 Fieldbus

FT

FC

FT-102
CV-103

AI OUT IN PID OUT

BK_CAL IN

BK_CAL OUT

AO CAS_IN

ABB University. Chapter 02-18

H1 Scheduling Example

Function Block execution AND communication scheduled

Time critical
Function Block Function Block
execution communication
(scheduled) (scheduled) Request/Response
communication
(unscheduled)

AI
PID

AO

Macrocycle Macrocycle

ABB University. Chapter 02-19

FF - Basic Overview

Devices
Function Blocks
FB Applications
H1 and HSE Networks

ABB University. Chapter 02-20

H1 Characteristics

Physical media access is controlled by Link Active

Scheduler (LAS)
Two different device types are defined
Link Master (LAS functionality)
Basic device
An FF segment can have multiple Link Master devices

ABB University. Chapter 02-21

H1 Network

H1 Fieldbus: 31.25 kbit/s

Same physical characteristics as Profibus PA
Very different system characteristics
Multi-master system

LAS

BASIC LINK MASTER BASIC BASIC BASIC BASIC

DEVICE DEVICE DEVICE DEVICE DEVICE DEVICE

LAS = Link Active Scheduler

ABB University. Chapter 02-22

H1 Redundancy

FF redundancy on H1 is NOT wire redundancy

H1 redundancy enables system to continue operation if an
LAS fails (Link Master redundancy)

LAS LAS

BASIC LINK MASTER BASIC BASIC LINK MASTER BASIC

DEVICE DEVICE DEVICE DEVICE DEVICE DEVICE
(Primary) (Backup)

LAS = Link Active Scheduler

ABB University. Chapter 02-23

H1 Characteristics (Cont.)

Foundation Fieldbus is a digital, two way multidrop communication link

H1: Low speed (31.25 kbit/s) voltage mode
Signal is transported over 9 to 32 V DC power to field devices
Signal is manchester encoded
Wiring and maintenance practices differ considerably from standard 4
to 20 mA installations
Maximum segment length is 1900 mts using “A” type standard fieldbus
cable (shielded twisted pair, 18 AWG)
Cable type
Power consumption
Topology
Intrinsic safety option

ABB University. Chapter 02-24

H1 Characteristics (Cont.)

Physical media access is controlled by Link Active

Scheduler (LAS)
All devices have a communication stack
Communication stack enables devices to share information
between their applications in a consistent manner

ABB University. Chapter 02-25

H1 Characteristics (Cont.)

A Spur is a cable segment that couples to a main trunk cable

Two terminators shall be connected at both ends of main trunk cable
Power supply shall be “coupled” to H1 segment
Different topologies can be implemented
Point to point
Trunk with spurs
Daisy chain
Tree
Any combination of above
Several aspects shall be considered
Max. length = trunk length + all spurs lengths
Voltage drop across segment and polarity
LAS schedule cycle time

ABB University. Chapter 02-26

H1 Characteristics (Cont.)

5 mH

50 100 uF 100 uF

100 W 100 W

9 - 32 V

ABB University. Chapter 02-27

FOUNDATIONTM Fieldbus Topologies

ABB University. Chapter 02-28

H1 Bus Topologies

Daisy Chain

H1 Segment

ABB University. Chapter 02-29

H1 Bus Topologies (Cont.)

Bus with Spurs

Junction Box
or
Spur Block

H1 Segment

ABB University. Chapter 02-30

FOUNDATIONTM Fieldbus

Typical Installation

ABB University. Chapter 02-31

Traditional Junction Box

ABB University. Chapter 02-32

Spur Block

Simple disconnection
Short circuit protection
Bus power indication

ABB University. Chapter 02-33

 FOUNDATIONTM Fieldbus High Speed Ethernet

From the configuration perspective HSE looks just like H1

Function blocks
Device descriptions
Capabilities files

HSE uses the Ethernet for communications

Standard IEEE physical layer
Standard internet protocols for the “stack”
Commercial off the shelf (COTS) network

ABB University. Chapter 02-34

FOUNDATIONTM Fieldbus High Speed Ethernet

 HSE refers to the FF protocol on

Ethernet
 It does not imply a specific
Ethernet speed
 HSE includes specification for
redundancy using standard
Ethernet

HSE HSE HSE

H1 H1 H1

ABB University. Chapter 02-35

 FOUNDATIONTM Fieldbus Resources

 http://www.fieldbus.org
 Resources
 Technical
Presentations

 Real Audio/Video
Technical Presentations
 PDF Application Guides

ABB University. Chapter 02-36

 FOUNDATIONTM Fieldbus Registered
Products

 http://www.fieldbus.org
 Registered Products

ABB University. Chapter 02-37