Lecture 01

CSC 101 – Introduction

to Computing
Course Information
Books
Assessment Plan for the Course:
Major Topics Covered in the
Course
Course Learning
Outcomes
CLO Assessment
Plagiarism Policy

 Any assignment found 20% or more

copied from the internet will be
marked 0 (ZERO).
 Any assignment copied from the
class mate will also be marked 0
(ZERO).
 Both for the source and the copied one.
 No consideration will be made
regarding plagiarized assignments.
Attendance Policy

 Any student late in class by 15 min

shall be marked absent.
Contact

 Office
 3rd floor (FB I)

 Email
 [email protected]
Lecture 01
Outline
 Definition of IT
 Computer Technology
 Communication Technology
 Role of IT in Society
 Models:
 Turing Model
 Von Neumann Model
 Input Devices
 Output Devices
 Central Processing Unit
 Control Unit
 Arithmetic & Logic Unit
 System Clock & Machine Cycle
Communication
Why is Communication
Important?
 Personal Use: Connecting with family
and friends.
 Business & Workplace: Effective
collaboration and decision-making.
 Education: Online learning and
virtual classrooms.
 Governance: E-government services,
digital transactions.
Evolution of Communication
Technology
 Traditional Methods: drum beats,
carrier pigeons.
 Telegraph (1837): Samuel Morse’s
revolutionary technology.
 Telephone (1876): Alexander Graham
Bell’s device for voice transmission.
 Internet & Mobile Phones: Instant
global communication.
Interactive activity

 Question: What communication

technologies do you use daily?
 Discussion: How has ICT changed
learning and communication?
Exercise

 How have you been using

Information Technology in your life?
 What is Information
Technology
 Fusion of computer and communication
technology
 Computer Technology
 programmable, multiuse machine that accepts

data and processes it into usable information

▪ summaries, totals, or reports

 used to speed up problem solving and increase

productivity.
What is Information
Technology
 Communication Technology
 consists of electromagnetic/optical devices and

systems for communicating over long distances

 InfoTech or IT is any technology that helps to
produce, manipulate, store, communicate, and/or
disseminate information
 merges computing with high-speed communications
links carrying data, sound, and video
Some examples of IT

 Video Conferencing
Some examples of IT

 GPS Tracking
 Track your vehicles, wherever they go,
using GPS.
What is a Computer and
What Does it Do?
• Computer
– A programmable, electronic device that accepts data,
performs operations on that data, and stores the data
– Follows instructions, called programs, which determine the
tasks the computer will perform
• Basic Operations
– Input: Entering data into the computer
– Processing: Performing operations on the data
– Output: Presenting the results
– Storage: Saving data, programs, or output for future use
– Communications: Sending or receiving data
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Introduction to Computer
Technology
 Definition:
The use of digital devices
for processing, storing, and
transmitting data.

 Basic Components:
 - Hardware: CPU, Monitor, Keyboard,
Mouse
 - Software: Operating Systems,
Applications
What is Communication?

 Definition:
Communication is the
exchange of information between
individuals or systems.

 Types:
 - Verbal (spoken words)
 - Non-verbal (gestures, body language)
 - Written (emails, letters)
 - Digital (messages, video calls)
Communication Defined
 Communication: To transfer data/information from one point

to another
▪ Using Wires
▪ Electrical Signals

▪ Optical Signals (Light)

▪ Wirelessly
▪ ElectroMagnetic Waves

▪ Acoustic Waves (Sound) ….?

▪ Using Analog Signals

▪ Using Digital Signals

Analog vs digital signals
What is Communication
Technology?

 Definition:
The use of electronic systems to
transmit information.

 Examples:
- Mobile phones and texting apps
(WhatsApp, Messenger)
 - Email and video conferencing (Zoom,
Skype)
 - Social media platforms (Facebook, Twitter,
Instagram)
Integration of ICT in
Daily Life
 Education: Online learning platforms
(Google Classroom, Zoom).
 Business: E-commerce (Amazon,
Alibaba), remote work.
 Healthcare: Telemedicine, AI-assisted
diagnostics.
 Government: E-governance services
(digital payments, tax filing).
Future Trends in ICT

 5G and Beyond: Faster, more reliable

communication.
 Artificial Intelligence in
Communication: Chatbots,
automated translations.
 Virtual & Augmented Reality:
Immersive experiences for learning
and entertainment.
 Smart Cities & IoT: Integration of
smart technologies for urban
Summary

 Communication is essential for

personal, business, and societal
growth.
 ICT impacts every sector, including
education, business, healthcare, and
governance.
 The future of ICT includes AI, IoT,
and advanced connectivity.
Related IT terms

 What is a Network?
 communications system connecting two or

more computers with/without wires

 What does being online mean?
 using a computer or other information device,

connected through a voice or data network, to

access information and services from another
computer or information device
Related IT terms
Cyberspace
 encompasses the whole wired and wireless world of
communications
The Internet
 the “network of all networks”
Multimedia
 technology that presents information in more than one
medium, such as text, still images, moving images, and sound
World Wide Web
 “graphical side of the Internet”
 global network of linked documents on the Internet
Related IT terms

The E-word ; E Stands for Electronic

E-mail

E-learning

E-business

E-commerce

E-government
Exercise

 Generatea list of ways the

computer/IT has impacted the world.
 Include both positive changes and
negative changes.
 think creatively.
Computers In Society

 Computers at home
 Computers in government
 Necessary to track data for population
▪ Police officers
▪ Tax calculation and collection
 Computers in education
 Computers in industry
 Computers in small business

1A-35
Computers in the
Home
• Computers used for a variety of tasks:
– Looking up information and news
– Shopping and paying bills
– Watching TV and videos
– Downloading music and movies
– Organizing digital photographs
– Playing games
• Smart appliances
• Smart homes

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Computers in Education

37
Computers on the Job

38
Computers In Health
Care
 Revolutionized health care
 New treatments possible
 Scheduling of patients has improved
 Delivery of medicine is safer

1A-39
Computers on the Go
• Computers are encountered in nearly every aspect of daily life
– Consumer kiosks
– ATM transactions
– POS systems at retail stores
– Self-checkout systems
– Consumer authentication systems
– GPS systems
– Used in conjunction with e-menus

40
 Allen Turing (1912-1954)

The Turing Machine Aka The Universal Machine (1936)

includes
A conceptual Tape that extends infinitely to both
directions
 Holds the input to the turing machine
 Serves as memory
 The tape is divided in cells
A unit that reads one cell of the tape and writes a
symbol in that cell
 John von Neumann
(1945)
 A processing unit with
both an arithmetic
logic
unit and processor
registers
 A control unit that
includes an instruction
register and a program
counter
 Memory that
stores data and instruc
tions
 External mass storage
 Input and
output mechanisms
 What is its
Significance?
 Input Devices
 Hardware used to enter data and
instructions

43
Output Devices
The System Unit and
CPU
Summary
 Definition of IT
 Computer Technology
 Communication Technology
 Role of IT in Society
 Models:
 Turing Model
 Von Neumann Model
 Input Devices
 Output Devices