Scribd
Upload
115 views20 pages

Fate Map Ppt

The document provides an overview of fate maps, including their introduction, techniques, and specific fate maps for frogs and chicks. It details various techniques such as direct observation, vital dye staining, fluorescent dye, and transgenic DNA for tracing cell lineage. Additionally, it describes the characteristics of frog and chick embryos and how their fate maps are constructed through different methods.

Uploaded by

khadijanoor416
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
115 views20 pages

Fate Map Ppt

The document provides an overview of fate maps, including their introduction, techniques, and specific fate maps for frogs and chicks. It details various techniques such as direct observation, vital dye staining, fluorescent dye, and transgenic DNA for tracing cell lineage. Additionally, it describes the characteristics of frog and chick embryos and how their fate maps are constructed through different methods.

Uploaded by

khadijanoor416
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 20

Fate map

Presented by:
Iman Liaqat: 22011514-060
Fatima zahra: 22011514-016
Contents

● Introduction to fate map


● Techniques
● Fate map of frog
● Fate map of chick
● Uses of fate map
Introduction

● In 1905, the first Ascidians fate map was published by


Edwin Conklin.
● Diagrammatic representation of early embryo
● It is used to tracing of cell lineage
● Fate map provides information on which portions of the
embryo normally become which larval or adult structure
Techniques

1. Direct observation
2. Vital dye staining
3. Fluorescent dye
4. Transgenic DNA
Direct observation
● Temporary technique
● Observed by microscope
● It is limited in some embryo
● applicable only in colored embryo
Vital dye staining
● In 1929 Walter Vogt, an embryologist, invented this
process
● Used for staining of living cells
● Without killing them
● Dye accumulate in cell cytoplasm
● Dye remains for limited time
● Janus green & neutral red dyes
Fluorescent dye
● At low conc. Emit fluorescence
● So strong
● Used for longer time
● Donor embryo must be grown in radioactive thymidine
● Host embryo grown in normal
● E.g.
Fluorescent conjugations dextrans
Transgenic DNA
● Reported gene is used
● Green fluorescent protein present
● GFP emit green light when exposed to UV rays
● E.g.
Genetically modified virus
Fate map of frog
• Frog belongs to amphibians
• They live both on land and water
• Fertilization is external
• Have indirect development
Egg type:
• Frog eggs, also known as frogspawn, are meso-lecithal
and moderately telo-lecithal, meaning they have moderate
amount of yolk unevenly distributed, with a higher
concentration at the vegetal pole.
• In frog egg not covered by calcareous shell, it is
translucent
Cont..
● Fate mapping by Vogt technique
● First constructed in 1929
● Frog undergoes external fertilization
● Egg meet with sperm and zygote form then holoblastic cleavage start
● Equal form of cell produce
● Later cleavage give unequal form of cell
Cont..
● At blastula stage fate map of frog egg can distinguish by using Vogt
technique
● When vital dyes are mixed with agar and coated on embryo, then
morphogenetic movement occurs
● Three major areas are formed Ectoderm, Mesoderm, and Endoderm
● Fate map distinguish when morphogenetic movement is complete
Fate map of chick
● Chick belongs to Aves family
● Fertilization is internal
● Have indirect development
● Egg Types
● Egg divides on the basis of yolk content
● Have three types
Cont..
● Have three types
● Macro-lecithal(Large yolk 40%)
● Telo-lecithal(uneven distribution)
● Cleidoic (hard calcareous shell)
Cont..
● Fate map of chick is constructed by microinjection
technique
● Small needle used to inject vital stain, carbon or
radioactive isotopes in chick embryo
● When egg reach to blastula stage, we apply stains and
egg show morphogenetic movement
Cont..
We distuguish fate map of chick embryo when movement
is complete
● Two regions
1. Area pellucida
2. Area opacca
Cont..
● Area pellucida forms only epiderm and extra-
embryonic membrane

● Area opacca involves in other development


Thanks
……

You might also like