Topic :- Integrated Farming

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● Manisha Thakur - 726
● Kumari Arti -727
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● Isha Singh -732
● Insha Akhter -733 Submitted To:-
Mrs Rewa
Mam
 Integrated Farming System
● Integrated farming system is a sustainable
agriculture system that integrates livestock crop
production. Fish poultry tree crops, Plantation,
crops and other systems that benefit each other.
● It is based on the concept that there is no waste
and waste is only a misplaced resource which
means waste from one component becomes an
input for other part of the system.
● Integrated farming system approach is considered
to be the most powerful tool for enhancing
profitability of farming system, especially for small
and marginal farmers, to make them bountiful.
Components of Integrated Farming
System

1. Crops
2. Livestock
3. Aquaculture
4. Agroforestry
5. Horticulture
6. Apiculture
7. Mushroom cultivation
8. Sericulture
9. Vermiculture
Crops
Crops play a vital role in this integrated farming system.. Here is how crops can be integrated
into a farming system:
Crop Selection:- Choose crops that complement each other in terms of growth habits,
nutrient requirements, and pest resistance. Examples include planting nitrogen-fixing legumes
with cereals.
Crop Rotation:- Rotate crops to maintain soil fertility, reduce pests and diseases, and
promote biodiversity. For example, rotating maize with soyabeans or wheat with lentils.
Inter cropping:- Grow multiple crops together on the same land to increase yields, reduce
pests, and improve soil health. Examples include planting marigolds with tomatoes or beans
with corns.
Cover cropping:- Planting a fast- growing crop during fallow periods to protect soil from
erosion, add organic matter, and suppress weeds.
Examples:- Corn and Soyabeans: Intercropping corn with soyabeans to provide nitrogen
fixations for corn and utilize the space efficiently.
Tomatoes and basil:- Planting basil near tomatoes to repel pests like aphids.
 Agroforestry
● Agroforestry integrated farming is a sustainable land use
management system that integrates trees with crops. It combines
agricultural and forestry technologies on the same piece of land in
a way that enhances productivity, biodiversity and ecological
health. This system integrates mutually beneficial relationship
between crops, livestock and trees.

● Benefits of agroforestry integrated farming:

1. *Biodiversity enhancement: Trees and other plants supports a

variety of sps. Contributing to increased biodiversity on the farm.
2. soil health:Tree roots help to prevent soil erosion and ehance soil
structure leading to water retention and soil fertility.
3. water management: trees play a crucial role in managing water
resources, preventing soil degradation and reducing the risk of
flooding.
4. Economic benefits: By diversifying farm production, agroforestry
provide multiple sourceof income and reduce the impact of market
fluctuations in a farmer livelihood.
5. Climate change: The integration of trees helps sequestar carbon,
reducing greenhouse house emissions.
 Horticulture
● Horticulture integrated farming is a farming approach that
combines horticultural crops such as fruits, vegetables, flowers
and ornamental plants with other agricultural activities, such as
livestock or aquaculture production. This integrated approach
aims to promote ecological balance, economic viability, and social
sustainability.

Benefits of horticulture integrated farming:

1. *Improve crop yields: integrating horticultural crops with other

agricultural activities can improve crop yields and reduce soil
erosion.
2. *Increased biodiversity:HIF promotes biodiversity by growing
multiple crops and raising different animal species together.
3. *Reduced chemical use:HIF can reduce the need for chemical
fertilizers and pesticides by promoting natural processes and
ecological balance.
4. *Enhanced ecosystem services:HIF can provide ecosystem
services like pollination, pest control and climate regulations.
5. * Improved farm income:HIF can provide multiple income streams
from horticultural crops, livestock and other agricultural activities.
 Livestock

● Livestock plays a crucial role in this system by providing multiple benefits, including manure for soil
fertility, draft power, and additional income sources.
Roles of Livestock in IFS
● Nutrient Recycling: Livestock waste (manure and urine) is used as organic fertilizer, improving soil
fertility and reducing dependency on chemical fertilizers. Manure can also be used in biogas plants to
generate energy.
● Diversified Income Source: Farmers earn from milk, eggs, meat, wool, hides, and dung-based products ,
Reduces the financial risk of crop failure by providing an alternative income source.
● Utilization of Farm Waste: Crop residues, weeds, and food waste can be fed to livestock, reducing
wastage. Livestock, in turn, produces manure that enhances soil productivity.
● Draft Power and Labor: In many traditional farms, animals like oxen and buffaloes are used for plowing,
irrigation, and transportation, reducing dependency on machinery.
● Improved Soil Health: Animal waste enhances microbial activity in the soil, leading to better crop growth
. Grazing animals can help in controlling weeds and improving land management.
● Integration with Aquaculture: Livestock waste can be used in fish farming as organic feed . Ducks,
chickens, and pigs can be integrated with fish ponds for mutual benefits.
 Aquaculture

Aquaculture is one of the components of an Integrated Farming T

System (IFS), where aquatic organisms such as
fish, prawns, or other aquatic species are farmed for commercial purposes. In an IFS, aquaculture plays a
significant role in diversifying farm income and improving the overall productivity of the system. Here's how
aquaculture fits into an IFS:

1. Fish Farming: The most common form of aquaculture in IFS is the farming of freshwater or brackish-water fish (like tilapia,
catfish, or carp). It can be done in ponds, tanks, or even integrated with other farming activities.
2. Waste Utilization: In IFS, aquaculture can use farm waste like crop residues, manures, and organic waste to feed fish or
create nutrient cycles. The waste from aquaculture (like fish excreta) can also be utilized as organic fertilizer for crops.
3. Integration with Crop and Livestock: Aquaculture can be integrated with crop farming by using water from fish ponds for
irrigation. The fish pond water, rich in nutrients, benefits the crops. Additionally, livestock, such as ducks or poultry, can be
introduced to the pond for pest control and natural fertilization.
4. Sustainability: Integrating aquaculture with other farming activities can increase resource efficiency, reduce the reliance on
external inputs (like commercial fertilizers), and enhance biodiversity .
 Goals of Integrated Farming
System

● Enhancing productivity per unit area

● Proper waste management
● Generation of continuous income round the
year
● Reducing use of chemicals
● Maximization of yield of all component
enterprises
● Soil health management.
 Advantages of Integrated Farming System
● It boost overall farm output by combining various enterprises like
crops, livestock and aquaculture.
● IFS optimizes resources use by recycling by-products within the
system example using crop waste as livestock feed.
● It reduces reliance on external inputs like fertilizer's and pesticides
sides due to nutrient cycling and natural pest control.
● Multiple income streams from different components provide
stability and reduce risk from market fluctuations.
● IFS promotes biodiversity, reduces pollution and enhances
ecosystem services.
● It can create employment ,improve livelihoods and strengthen
community resilience.
 Disadvantages of Integrated Farming
System
● Setting up an integrated farm often requires significant high
initial investment and this can be a major barrier, especially
for small-scale farmers.
● Integrated farming demands a diverse range of knowledge
and skills.
● Managing a diverse range of activity simultaneously can be
complex. It requires planning coordination and monitoring to
ensure that all components of system are in functioning
optimally.
● Integrated farming often involves more labor compared to
conventional monoculture farming.
● Integrating livestock and crops can increase the risk of
disease transmission.
Sericulture

Sericulture is the process of cultivating silkworms and extracting silk from them. The
caterpillars of the domestic silkmoth (also called ‘Bombyx Mori’) are the most
commonly used silkworm species in sericulture. Other types of silkworms (such as Eri,
Muga, and Tasar) are also cultivated for the production of ‘wild silks’.
 1. Crop-Sericulture Integration

• Farmers grow mulberry plants (primary food source for silkworms) alongside other
crops.

• Intercropping mulberry with legumes or short-duration crops improves land utilization

and soil fertility.

• Mulberry leaves are used to feed silkworms, while leftover branches and stems can be
used as organic matter or fodder.
2. Sericulture and Livestock Integration

• Waste products from sericulture, like silkworm pupae, can be used as a high-
protein feed for poultry or fish.

• Mulberry leaves that are unsuitable for silkworms can be fed to goats, sheep,
and cattle.

• Mulberry cultivation helps reduce soil erosion and improves pasture quality.
3. Sericulture and Aquaculture Integration

• Silkworm litter and residues (like

the pupae or frass) can be used as
an organic input for fish ponds,
enhancing natural plankton growth.

• Silkworm pupae are sometimes

directly used as fish feed, reducing
the cost of aquaculture inputs.
4. Sericulture and Agroforestry

• Mulberry plantations can be part of agroforestry models, combining trees, crops,

and livestock on the same land.

• Mulberry trees provide shade, improve soil structure, and increase overall
biodiversity on farms.
5. Economic and Social Benefits

• Diversifies income by combining silk production with crop, livestock, or fish

farming.

• Creates rural employment opportunities, particularly for women and small-scale

farmers.

• Helps build resilience in farming systems by reducing dependency on a single

source of income.