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Bio in for Matics

Bioinformatics is an interdisciplinary field focused on developing methods and tools for understanding biological data, stemming from advances in molecular biology and computer science over the past 30-40 years. It differs from computational biology by being limited to the analysis of genes and genomes, while computational biology encompasses broader biological computations. Bioinformatics plays a crucial role in various applications including genomics, drug discovery, and the analysis of biological macromolecules.

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4 views20 pages

Bio in for Matics

Bioinformatics is an interdisciplinary field focused on developing methods and tools for understanding biological data, stemming from advances in molecular biology and computer science over the past 30-40 years. It differs from computational biology by being limited to the analysis of genes and genomes, while computational biology encompasses broader biological computations. Bioinformatics plays a crucial role in various applications including genomics, drug discovery, and the analysis of biological macromolecules.

Uploaded by

tassera9
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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BIOINFORMATICS

• The term bioinformatics was coined by Paulien Hogeweg and

Ben Hesper to describe “the study of informatic processes in

biotic systems” and it found early use when the first biological

sequence data began to be shared.

Bioinformatics is an interdisciplinary field that develops

methods and software tools for understanding biological data.


• The development of bioinformatics as a field is the result of

advances in both molecular biology and computer science

over the past 30–40 years.

• The key areas of bioinformatics include biological databases,

sequence alignment, gene and promoter prediction, molecular

phylogenetics, structural bioinformatics, genomics, and

proteomics.
Bioinformatics vs Computational Biology

• Bioinformatics differs from a related field known as computational biology.

• Bioinformatics is limited to sequence, structural, and functional analysis of

genes and genomes and their corresponding products and is often considered

computational molecular biology.

• However, computational biology encompasses all biological areas that involve

computation.

• Bioinformatics as the development and application of computational tools in

managing all kinds of biological data, whereas computational biology is more

confined to the theoretical development of algorithms used for bioinformatics.


Applications of Bioinformatics

• Bioinformatics has not only become essential for basic genomic and molecular

biology research, but is having a major impact on many areas of biotechnology

and biomedical sciences. The main uses of bioinformatics include:

• Bioinformatics plays a vital role in the areas of structural genomics, functional

genomics, and nutritional genomics.

• It covers emerging scientific research and the exploration of proteomes from the

overall level of intracellular protein composition (protein profiles), protein

structure, protein-protein interaction, and unique activity patterns (e.g. post-

translational modifications).
• Bioinformatics is used for transcriptome analysis where mRNA expression levels can be

determined.

• Bioinformatics is used to identify and structurally modify a natural product, to design a compound

with the desired properties and to assess its therapeutic effects, theoretically.

• Cheminformatics analysis includes analyses such as similarity searching, clustering, QSAR

modeling, virtual screening, etc.

• Bioinformatics is playing an increasingly important role in almost all aspects of drug discovery and

drug development.

• Bioinformatics tools are very effective in prediction, analysis and interpretation of clinical and

preclinical findings.
• Bioinformatics involves the technology that
uses for computers for storage, retreival,
manipulation and distribution of information
related to biological macromolecules such as
DNA, RNA and proteins
Bioinformatics Computational biology

It is limited to sequence structural and Computational biology encompasses all


functional analysis of genes and genomes biological areas that involve computation
and their corresponding products and is For example mathematical modelling of
often considered as computational ecosystem , population dynamics,
molecular biology application of the game theory in
behavioral studies and phylogenetic
construction using fossil records all
employ computational tools, but do not
necessary involve biological
macromolecules
History of bioinformatics
• Bioinformatics was first introduced in 1990s.
• It dealt with the management, analysis of the
data pertaining to DNA, RNA and protein
sequences.
• It includes many other types of biological data
e.g., gene expression profiles, protein
structure, protein interaction, Microarrays
(DNA chip), drug designing, functional analysis
of biomolecules

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