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PDST Physics - Photoelectric Effect

The document discusses the photoelectric effect, illustrating how ultraviolet (UV) light affects charged electroscopes. It explains Einstein's explanation of the phenomenon, detailing the interaction of photons with electrons and the conditions required for electrons to escape. The document also covers the relationship between photon energy, work function, and kinetic energy of emitted electrons.

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Pardeep Kumar 29
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2 views

PDST Physics - Photoelectric Effect

The document discusses the photoelectric effect, illustrating how ultraviolet (UV) light affects charged electroscopes. It explains Einstein's explanation of the phenomenon, detailing the interaction of photons with electrons and the conditions required for electrons to escape. The document also covers the relationship between photon energy, work function, and kinetic energy of emitted electrons.

Uploaded by

Pardeep Kumar 29
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Photoelectric Effect

T.T.

The Professional Development Service for Teachers is funded by the


Department of Education and Skills under the National Development Plan
Photoelectric Effect UV

- - - - - - -

- -

When UV shines on the cap…


- -
…the leaves collapse

- - - …showing the charge is gone

- - -
- - -

Negatively Charged Electroscope


PDST Resources for Leaving Certificate Physics 2
Photoelectric Effect UV

+ + + + +

+ +

When UV shines on the cap…


+ +
…nothing happens

+ + +
+ + +
+ + +

Positively Charged Electroscope


PDST Resources for Leaving Certificate Physics 3
Photoelectric Effect
Electromagnetic radiation (of varying frequency and intensity)

Spectrum
Low freq. High freq.
Radio / μ-wave / IR / Visible / UV / X-ray / γ-ray

No current Current flows

A threshold
frequency
fo
Under fo Over fo
(No current) (Current)
Circuit used to analyse circuit:
Increase f No effect No effect
Increase No effect Increases
intensity current
PDST Resources for Leaving Certificate Physics 4
Photoelectric Effect: Einstein’s explanation
Electromagnetic radiation

Light is a beam of particles (photons)


-
-
- Each photon hits one electron
-

If the electron gains enough energy, it escapes

A electrons travel to the anode

The more electrons, the bigger the current

Circuit used to analyse circuit:

PDST Resources for Leaving Certificate Physics 5


Photoelectric Effect: Einstein’s Photoelectric Law
Electromagnetic radiation

• Photon (containing energy, Ein)

Energy in each photon

• hits electron

• electron uses energy, Φ, to escape Ein   Ek


• electron crosses gap with energy, Ek
A
Kinetic Energy

Circuit used to analyse circuit: Energy electrons need to escape


(called the work function)

PDST Resources for Leaving Certificate Physics 6


Photoelectric Effect: Einstein’s Photoelectric Law

Electromagnetic
radiation
Energy in each photon E hf

Ein   Ek

A Kinetic Energy

E  1 mv 2
2

Circuit used to analyse circuit: Energy electrons need to escape


(called the work function)

PDST Resources for Leaving Certificate Physics


 hf o 7

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