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Operating System Tutorial

An operating system is essential system software that manages computer processes and provides an interface between applications and hardware. Common desktop operating systems include Windows, Linux/Unix, and Mac OS, with user interfaces categorized as Graphical User Interface (GUI) or Command Line Interface (CLI). Key functions of operating systems include memory management, processor management, and file management, allowing users to create, delete, and manage files and directories easily.

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5 views

Operating System Tutorial

An operating system is essential system software that manages computer processes and provides an interface between applications and hardware. Common desktop operating systems include Windows, Linux/Unix, and Mac OS, with user interfaces categorized as Graphical User Interface (GUI) or Command Line Interface (CLI). Key functions of operating systems include memory management, processor management, and file management, allowing users to create, delete, and manage files and directories easily.

Uploaded by

harshal
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Introduction to operating system

An operating system is system software which perform all required task to run a computer and manage all
processes of a system. The operating system provides an interface between an application program and the
computer hardware.

RAM (Random Access Memory) stores the operating system,


Common desktop operating system:

1. Windows

2. linux/unix

3. mac
Windows
Windows 8
Linux / unix
MAC OS
Mobile Operating System
➢ Functions performed by operating systems:
Memory Management
Processor Management
File Management
➢ User interface in operating system:-

Graphical user interface has a visual environment using windows, buttons, and
icons, as microsoft windows operating system is the most popular, we will discuss
the different features of a GUI based operating system with the help of windows
operating system.
Interface may be one the following type:-

1. Graphical User Interface (GUI):-


Graphical based operating system provide GUI to interact with computer.
Graphical icons are provided on the screen.with the help of various input
devices these icons be used to quickly give instruction to computer and also
to start various programs. Microsoft windows,macintosh etc.are popular
examples of Graphical user interface based operating systems.
There are following user interface in operating system:

Task bar:-

Icons:-
Start Menu :-
2. Command Line Interface (CLI) :-
A command line operating system provides a command prompt on the computer
screen. The commands are given to the computer by typing on the keyboard. The
commands are typing according to the predefined format.the users have to
memorize commands and rules of writing these commands.it is not as easy way to
interface with the computer. MS DOS and LINUX provide text based interface to
pass instructions to computer.
Step 1 − One way is to just click the clock on task bar and perform Step
4 and Step 5.
Step 2 − Another alternate way is to go to the "Control Panel" from Start menu
and select "Clock, Language and Region", and select "Date and Time" and
perform Step 4 and Step 5.
➢ Changing display properties
➢ To add or remove a window component
➢ Changing mouse properties
➢ Adding and removing printers
➢ File and Directory Management:-
With the click of mouse button user can create,delete,and rename a file or folder. Folder can be shared
so that these are used by others. Moving a file is simple drag and drop operation of mouse in windows
explore. For the text processing requirements of the users notepad and wordpad are given. Utilities like
games and multimedia can be used to entertain the users.system performance can be increased with
system tool

In windows explore or my computer,one can both hierarchy of folder on the computers and all the files
and folders in each selected folder.this is especially useful for copying and moving files
➢ Creating and renaming of files and directories:-
A file object provides a representation of a resource that can be managed by the i/o system. Like other objects, they
enable sharing of the resources,they have names,they are protected by object based security,and they support
synchronization. The i/o system also enables reading from or writing to the resource.
A directory is a hierarchical collection of directories and file. The only constraint on the number of files that can be
contained in a single directory is the physical size of the disc on which the directory is located.
Creating new files or folders:-
➢ Follow these steps to create new folders:

1. Open window explorer,navigate to the drive or folder in which you want to create new folder.
2. Right click anywhere in the white space and hover the mouse over new.
3. Click on folder from the sub-menu that appears.
4. You will then be prompted to name the folder,simply type in the name and then press enter (return)
key..
The same procedure may be followed for creating files.
Renaming file and folder:-

1. Right click on the folder or file which you want to rename.


2. The click on the sub-menu rename.
3. Filename gets highlighted. Write the name of the file or folder you want and press
enter.
copy = ctrl+c
cut = ctrl+x
paste= ctrl+v
All select = ctrl+A

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