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Histograms

The document provides an overview of histograms, explaining the concept of frequency density, which is used for grouped data with unequal class intervals. It details how to calculate frequency density using the formula Frequency/Class width and emphasizes that a histogram visually represents frequency distributions with bars where the area indicates frequency. Additionally, it outlines the steps for drawing a histogram, including calculating frequency densities and the importance of bar width and height.

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Mustafa Omer
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
4 views

Histograms

The document provides an overview of histograms, explaining the concept of frequency density, which is used for grouped data with unequal class intervals. It details how to calculate frequency density using the formula Frequency/Class width and emphasizes that a histogram visually represents frequency distributions with bars where the area indicates frequency. Additionally, it outlines the steps for drawing a histogram, including calculating frequency densities and the importance of bar width and height.

Uploaded by

Mustafa Omer
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Histograms

Ahmed Medhat,
Sameeh Fadi,
Mohannad and karam
Table of contents
0 0 0
Frequency
1
density
2 frequency
calculating 3
Histograms
density

0 0
4 draw
How to 5
PPQ
histograms
Frequency
•
density
Frequency density is used with grouped data (class intervals)it is
particularly useful when the class intervals are of unequal width
• it provides a measure of how spread out data within its class interval is,
relative to its size
• For example,
• 10 data values spread over a class interval of 20 would have a frequency
density of 10 over 20 equals 1/2
How to calculate frequency
density
Frequency density can be found by using the formula:
Frequency/Class width
Class width can be found by substracting the upper boundary with the lower
boundary
In order to be able to draw the histogram you need to find the frequency
density first
An example is shown below of how to find the class width and frequency
density:
Histogram
● A histogram is the most commonly used graph to show
frequency distributions. It looks very much like a bar chart.
● In a histogram the Y axis represents frequency density while
the X axis represents the class width

● In a histogram, it is the area of a bar that determines the


frequency
● the frequency of a class interval is proportional to the area of
the bar for that interval
How to draw a histogram

● Drawing a histogram first requires the


calculation of the frequency densities for
each class interval
● Frequency/class width (upper boundary –
lower)

● Some key points:


● bars (rectangles) are drawn with widths
being measured on the horizontal (x) axis
● the height of each bar is the frequency
density and is measured on the vertical (y)
axis
● as the data is continuous, bars will be
touching
Thank You For
Listening

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