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Behavioral geography is a sub-discipline of human geography that emerged in the 1960s-1970s, focusing on psychological processes affecting spatial interactions. Key concepts include cognition, perception, mental maps, and environmental perception, which influence decision-making and behavior in spatial contexts. The field integrates humanistic perspectives with spatial science, emphasizing the subjective experience of individuals in their environments.

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2 views

P2

Behavioral geography is a sub-discipline of human geography that emerged in the 1960s-1970s, focusing on psychological processes affecting spatial interactions. Key concepts include cognition, perception, mental maps, and environmental perception, which influence decision-making and behavior in spatial contexts. The field integrates humanistic perspectives with spatial science, emphasizing the subjective experience of individuals in their environments.

Uploaded by

Sapana
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Introduction to Behavioral Geography

• - Sub-discipline of human geography


• - Focus on psychological processes in space
interaction
• - Emerged in the 1960s–1970s
Historical Background

• - Reaction against 1950s spatial science


• - Influenced by psychology
• - Contributors: Kevin Lynch, Reginald Golledge
Key Concepts

• - Cognition: Mental processing in decisions


• - Perception: How space is seen/interpreted
• - Behavior: Actions in spatial contexts
Mental Maps

• - Introduced by Kevin Lynch


• - Personal spatial representations
• - Influenced by culture, memory, experience
Environmental Perception

• - Subjective view of environments


• - Affects safety, aesthetics, and comfort
• - Example: perception of neighborhoods
Cognitive Maps vs. Real Maps

• - Internal mental maps vs. objective maps


• - Inaccuracy and distortion in mental maps
• - Influences: culture, experience
Decision-Making in Space

• - Use of heuristics, bounded rationality


• - Examples: route choice, migration
• - Simulation and modeling techniques
Time Geography and Space-Time Paths

• - Developed by Hägerstrand
• - Space-time constraints on movement
• - Space-time prisms and path analysis
Place Attachment

• - Emotional bond with locations


• - Influences behavior and residence choices
• - Cultural and psychological underpinnings
Fear of Crime and Spatial Behavior

• - Perception of danger affects mobility


• - Defensible space theory
• - Urban planning implications
Environmental Stress and Behavior

• - Impacts of noise, crowding, pollution


• - Behavioral adaptations
• - Urban stress mitigation strategies
Wayfinding and Navigation

• - Use of cognitive strategies in navigation


• - Role of signs, landmarks
• - Applications in design and planning
Behavioral Geography vs. Spatial Science

• - Spatial science = objective laws


• - Behavioral geography = subjective
experience
• - Humanistic integration
Cultural Influences on Spatial Behavior

• - Traditions, norms shape space use


• - Gendered spaces, sacred spaces
• - Territoriality examples
Learning and Spatial Behavior

• - Learning environments through experience


• - Development of spatial competence
• - Child development and education
Behavioral Geography in Urban Planning

• - User-centered design
• - Transportation, housing, walkability
• - Case studies and participatory planning
Behavioral GIS

• - Merging GIS with behavior models


• - GPS, mobility, emergency use
• - Smart city applications
Criticisms of Behavioral Geography

• - Too focused on individuals?


• - Neglects systemic issues
• - Moving toward critical geography
Modern Developments and Future
Directions

• - AI, neuroscience, behavioral econ


• - Big data and GPS
• - Interdisciplinary evolution
Conclusion and Summary

• - Mind and map integration


• - Behavioral geography's relevance
• - Future-focused and evolving

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