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Introduction to Complexometric Titrations (1) (1)

The document presents an overview of complexometric titrations, focusing on the formation of stable metal-ligand complexes, particularly using EDTA as a versatile chelating agent. It discusses the types of EDTA titrations, the role of indicators, and factors affecting the accuracy of these titrations, along with their applications in water hardness testing, pharmaceuticals, and environmental analysis. Limitations include the necessity for well-defined complexes and availability of indicators.

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7 views

Introduction to Complexometric Titrations (1) (1)

The document presents an overview of complexometric titrations, focusing on the formation of stable metal-ligand complexes, particularly using EDTA as a versatile chelating agent. It discusses the types of EDTA titrations, the role of indicators, and factors affecting the accuracy of these titrations, along with their applications in water hardness testing, pharmaceuticals, and environmental analysis. Limitations include the necessity for well-defined complexes and availability of indicators.

Uploaded by

naveed anjum2
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Presentation: Analytical chemistry

Presented to Dr Tanzeel

Submitted by Hajira Bibi

Semester 4th (B)

Roll No 23112041069
Introduction to Complexometric
Titrations

 Complexometric titrations are a type of


titration based on complex formation
 Metal ions react with ligands to form stable
complexes
 Key reagents include ligands like EDTA and
metal indicators
 These titrations have wide applications in
water hardness testing, metal analysis, and
pharmaceuticals
Complex Formation Equilibria

Metal-Ligand Reactions Example

 Metal-ligand complex formation


reactions are fundamental For example, Ag+ + 2CN- ⇌
 The formation constant (Kf) indicates [Ag(CN)2]- has a Kf of 1.3 x 10^21,

complex stability indicating a stable complex.


 Higher Kf values mean greater
reaction completion
EDTA: A Versatile Chelating

 Structure Agent
 Binding
Ethylenediaminetetraa It binds metals at six
cetic acid (EDTA) is a sites, forming stable,
hexadentate ligand. 1:1 complexes.

 EDTA is widely
Applications used in
complexometric
titrations due to its
versatility.
EDTA Titration Curves

Equivalence Point
2 Stoichiometric amount
of EDTA added to the
Plot solution.
Plot of pM (negative log
of metal ion 1
concentration) vs. titrant Change in pM
volume. Sharp change in pM
3 near the equivalence
point signifies
completion.
Types of EDTA Titrations

Direct
Analyte titrated directly with EDTA.

Back
Excess EDTA added, back-titrated
with standard metal solution.

Displacement
Analyte displaced by EDTA.

Indirect
Analyte precipitated, complexed, then
titrated.
Indicators in Complexometric
Titrations

1 Metal indicators
Organic dyes that change color upon binding metal ions.

2 Examples
Eriochrome Black T, Calmagite, Murexide are common
examples.

3 Selection
Stability, selectivity, and color change are key criteria.

4 Endpoint
Sharp color change signifies completion.
Factors Affecting EDTA Titrations

pH
Affects EDTA protonation and complex stability.

Concentration
Higher metal ion concentrations give sharper endpoints.

Interfering Ions
Can form complexes and affect accuracy.

Temperature
Influences Kf values and reaction kinetics.
Applications and Limitations

Water Hardness
1 Ca2+ and Mg2+ titration

Pharmaceutical
2 Metal content in drugs.

Environment
3 Metal pollutants in water.

Limitations include the need for well-defined complexes. Also indicator availability is a concern.

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