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Shank

The document provides an overview of shanks used in press tools, detailing their function, mounting methods, and the importance of proper location for balanced cutting forces. It describes a special self-aligning type shank that facilitates quick tool changes and outlines methods for calculating the resultant force on the shank. Additionally, it explains graphical methods for determining the line of action of resultant forces during punching operations.

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Abhijeet Randhir
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50 views17 pages

Shank

The document provides an overview of shanks used in press tools, detailing their function, mounting methods, and the importance of proper location for balanced cutting forces. It describes a special self-aligning type shank that facilitates quick tool changes and outlines methods for calculating the resultant force on the shank. Additionally, it explains graphical methods for determining the line of action of resultant forces during punching operations.

Uploaded by

Abhijeet Randhir
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SHANK AND SHANK LOCATION

SHANK:
A shank is an element of a press tool.
The shank is mounted on the tool and acts as a connecting
link from press tool to the press.
The diameter of the shank fits the bore within the press
ram.
The shank diameter is standardized in relation with the
press ram bore, which is varying from press to press
depending on the capacity of the press.
• There are four ways in which the shank is mounted
to the tool top.
• They are as follows:
• 1)By riveting
• 2)By press fitting
• 3)By means of a thread
• 4)By making as integral part of top plate.
• 5)By making flange fastening.
• However threaded types are used commonly.
• The shank should contain a spanner flat milled, to
facilitate it's fastening to tool top.
SELF ALIGNING TYPE SHANK

• This is a special type of shank, which permits


quick loading, and unloading of a press tool on a
press.
• This type of shank differs very much in design
when compared with other regular shanks.
• A Tee coupling mechanism is made in two
sections.
• The one half, which is mounted on a tool, is a
male member, whereas the other half, which is
fixed to the press ram, is a female member.
• They are usually case carburised and hardened.
The working mechanism is explained in the
sketch.
LOCATION OF SHANK ON A TOOL:
• The balancing of the cutting punches is one of the
most important aspects to be considered during the
punching operation.
• Unbalanced force distribution on the tool top may
cause undue wear on the punch and die as well as on
the pillars.
• The resultant force of all the cutting forces,
acting on many different punches should pass through
the shank centre.
• The position of the resultant force of all the partial
cutting forces can be found applying the following
methods.
• 1. By calculations
• 2. By polygon system (Graphical).
By calculation:
• The resultant force should be found for both X and
Y-axis by applying the following formula.
X = (L13 X1) + (L2 3 X2) + (L33 X3)
L1 + L2 + L3

• Y = (L13 Y1) + (L23 Y2) + (L33 Y3)


L1 + L2 + L3
Example: Calculate the shank point for the die
layout shown in the sketch.
'X' axis
'Y' axis
L X Distance Product L Y Distance Product
1. 20 25 550 1. 20 101 2020
2. 10 30 300 2. 10 112 1120
3. 12.56 37.90 476.02 3. 12.56 117.09 1470.72
4. 10 48 480 4. 10 120 1200
5. 11.31 57 644.67 5. 11.31 116 1131.96
6. 20 61 1342 6. 20 101 2020
7. 26 48 1248 7. 26 90 2340
8. 15.71 30 471.30 8. 15.71 86.815 163.86
9. 25.136 43 1080.84 9. 2.136 48 1206.52
10. 15.71 30 471.30 10. 15.71 26 408.46
** 170.42 7064.13 ** 170.42 14,865.52

**(indicates) = Total.
Therefore X = 7064.13/170.42 and Y = 14865.52/170.42

= 41.45 mm = 87.20 mm
Polygon system (Graphical).
• To find the line of the action of resultant then follow the
reference below
• 1.Draw the forces to scale in a straight line.
• 2.Draw the arrow heads at the ending points of each force as
shown.
• 3.Draw two more lines at 450 angle from the starting and
finishing points of the total length of the forces so as to form an
equilateral triangle and call the intersecting point as pole.
• 4.Draw the lines from each arrow head joining the pole point
and call them as pole beams.
• 5.Draw the forces to scale at the given distance.
• 6.Draw the lines parallel to the pole beams, cutting force line
graphically.
• 7.The line of action of the resultant goes through that point
where those two-pole beams intersect.
SHOULDERED THREADED
SHOULDRED AND FASTENED WITH
THREADED SCREWS
FOR SCREW FASTENING OF SCREWS SELF ALIGNING ( FLOATING)
FORK TYPE

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