Emotions
Uploaded by
Angeetha KrishnanEmotions
Uploaded by
Angeetha KrishnanEMOTIONS
Emotions, it turns out, are so central to human experience and successful
social encounters that we consider those who seem to have no emotions –
like the serial killer who shows no shame or no fear – to be inhuman. We
call such people cold-blooded.
This label fits, because although we share basic motives such as hunger
and sex with cold-blooded reptiles, we seem to share emotions only with
other warm-blooded mammals (Panksepp, 1998).
People like Ted Bundy are, in fact, thought to have specific biological and
social-cognitive deficits. They are said to have antisocial personality
disorder (and are sometimes called psychopaths or sociopaths), a disorder
characterized by deficits in normal emotional responding – especially for
shame, guilt, and fear – as well as deficits in empathy for the emotions of
others (Hare, 1999). And yet people like Ted Bundy are not completely
devoid of emotions. Instead, ‘they seem to suffer a kind of emotional
poverty that limits the range and depth of their feelings
How are you
feeling
today?
What is
Emotion??
Emotions
An emotion is a complex,
multicomponent episode that
creates a readiness to act.
Emotions are reactions that human
beings experience in response to
events or situations
Emotions
According to APA
Six Cognitive appraisal
Components Subjective experience
of Emotions Thought and action tendencies
Internal bodily changes
Facial expression
Responses to emotion
An intense emotion has at least six
components (Frijda, 1986; Lazarus,
1991b)
Situation: You’re walking in the park, and suddenly,
a dog runs toward you and starts barking.
You think, "Is the dog dangerous or just playing?" If you
think the dog might be a threat, you’ll feel scared. If you
think it's friendly, you might feel curious or amused.
?
Based on your appraisal, you may feel fear,
excitement, or nervousness.
If you're scared, you might think, "I need to get away!" and
start walking faster or looking for a way to avoid the dog.
Your body reacts by increasing your heart rate, your palms
might sweat, and you might tense up as part of the fight-or-
flight response.
Your face might show fear—eyes wide, mouth slightly open,
brows raised.
To cope with your fear, you might take deep breaths, try to
calm yourself down, or quickly move to a safer spot
Classification
of Emotions Scared Angry Happy
• Primary
• Secondary
Excited Confused Sad
Primary
Emotions
Primary emotions are our initial, instinctive responses to
stimuli or events before any cognitive processing takes
place and are believed to be universal across cultures.
• The body's fi rst response that alerts you about your
needs
• Comes on strongly
• Does not last very long
Eg., Feeling sad when someone breaks your trust
Primary emotions include: anger, fear, sadness, disgust,
surprise, anticipation, trust and joy.
Psychologist Paul Ekman identified six primary
emotions: Anger, disgust, fear, happiness, sadness,
and surprise. He theorized that these human
emotions are innate and shared by everyone across
cultures.
Ekman later expanded this list to include emotions
What are such as pride, shame, embarrassment, and
primary excitement.
emotions Another psychologist named Robert Plutchik
? identified eight primary emotions, which he grouped
into four pairs of polar opposites: joy-sadness,
anger-fear, trust-disgust, and surprise-anticipation.
He famously developed the Feelings Wheel to
Secondary
Emotions
Secondary emotions are the emotions that are often felt
after the primary emotion has been experienced. They
are the reactions to our primary emotions and are often
habitual or learned responses.
For instance, after feeling the primary emotion of anger,
you may feel the secondary emotion of shame afterward;
instead of feeling joy, you may feel relief or pride;
instead of feeling fear, you may feel hateful.
Secondary emotions are thought to arise from higher
cognitive processes and come after the primary emotion.
ACTIVITY
Going through
my emotions
a m I
h a t
W
l i n g ?
fee
Anger
a strong feeling of displeasure or
annoyance and often of active opposition
to an insult, injury, or injustice.
What am
I
feeling?
Fear
Fear alerts us to the presence of danger
or the threat of harm, whether that
danger is physical or psychological.
t a m I
Wh a
l i n g ?
Surprise
fe e
An example of surprise is hiding
behind a corner and jumping out
just as someone walks past.
t a m I
Wh a
e l i n g ?
fe
HappinesHappiness is a feeling of pleasure and
s
positivity. When someone feels good, proud,
excited, relieved or satisfied about
something, that person is said to be "happy".
What am I
fe e li n g ?
Disgust
It is a feeling of aversion towards something. We
can feel disgusted by something we perceive with
our physical senses, by the actions or
appearances of people, and even by ideas.
a m I
What
Sadness
l i n g ?
fee
It is emotional pain associated with, or
characterized by, feelings of disadvantage,
loss, despair, grief, helplessness,
disappointment and sorrow.
Thank you for
sharing
Now you
are ready
to have a
good day
