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Blocking Replicated 2k Design

The document discusses the use of blocking in replicated 2^k factorial designs to reduce variability and isolate factor effects. It explains the concept of factorial designs, the role of blocking, and provides a numerical example of a 2^3 design with replication. The conclusion emphasizes that blocking enhances precision and is beneficial when resources limit replication.

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fiza batool
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2 views

Blocking Replicated 2k Design

The document discusses the use of blocking in replicated 2^k factorial designs to reduce variability and isolate factor effects. It explains the concept of factorial designs, the role of blocking, and provides a numerical example of a 2^3 design with replication. The conclusion emphasizes that blocking enhances precision and is beneficial when resources limit replication.

Uploaded by

fiza batool
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Blocking a Replicated 2^k in a

Factorial Design
Theory and Numerical Example
Introduction
• Factorial designs are used to study the effects
of multiple factors simultaneously. When
replication is included, blocking helps reduce
variability and isolate factor effects more
efficiently.
What is a 2^k Factorial Design?
• - A design with k factors, each at 2 levels (low
and high)
• - Total runs = 2^k
• - Example: For k = 3, runs = 8 combinations
• - Enables study of main effects and
interactions
Concept of Blocking
• - Blocking reduces variability due to nuisance
factors
• - Ensures that each block is a homogeneous
group
• - Responses are compared within blocks to
isolate factor effects
Blocking a Replicated 2^k Design
• - Replication improves precision of estimates
• - Blocking is used when full replication isn't
feasible
• - Block a 2^k design by confounding higher-
order interactions with blocks
Example Setup
• Consider a 2^3 factorial design with
replication:
• - Factors: A, B, C
• - Total runs without blocking: 2^3 × 2 = 16
• - Use blocks to control variability (e.g., batch,
time)
Blocking via Confounding
• - Choose an interaction (e.g., ABC) to
confound with blocks
• - Assign treatments to blocks based on the
ABC interaction sign
• - Positive sign → Block 1, Negative sign →
Block 2
Numerical Example
• Example: 2^3 design (factors A, B, C) with
replication
• - Create a table of factor levels and responses
• - Confound ABC with blocks
• - Analyze effects within blocks
• (Include actual table and values in
classroom/notes)
Conclusion
• - Blocking a replicated 2^k design increases
precision
• - Useful when replication is limited by
resources
• - Confounding helps manage blocking without
losing key information

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