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Basics_of_RDM_Components_of_RDM_Theory_Class

The document provides an overview of the Relational Data Model (RDM), which organizes data into tables with rows and columns, and highlights its historical background, key features, and importance in database management. It outlines the main components of RDM, including relations, tuples, attributes, and domains, as well as integrity constraints and advantages, while also addressing its limitations. Understanding RDM is essential for effective database design and management.

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Shehar Bano
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2 views

Basics_of_RDM_Components_of_RDM_Theory_Class

The document provides an overview of the Relational Data Model (RDM), which organizes data into tables with rows and columns, and highlights its historical background, key features, and importance in database management. It outlines the main components of RDM, including relations, tuples, attributes, and domains, as well as integrity constraints and advantages, while also addressing its limitations. Understanding RDM is essential for effective database design and management.

Uploaded by

Shehar Bano
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Basics of RDM & Components of

RDM
Database Systems Theory Class
Introduction
• • Database systems manage large data.
• • Relational Data Model (RDM) is most widely
used.
• • Focus: Understand RDM and its
components.
What is RDM?
• • Organizes data into tables (relations).
• • Each table has rows (tuples) and columns
(attributes).
• • Logical view, hides storage details.
Historical Background
• • Introduced by Dr. E.F. Codd in 1970.
• • 'A Relational Model of Data for Large Shared
Data Banks.'
• • Foundation for systems like Oracle, SQL
Server.
Key Features of RDM
• • Simplicity: Easy to use.
• • Flexibility: Easy modifications.
• • Logical data independence.
Importance of RDM
• • Basis for SQL.
• • Enables data integrity and consistency.
• • Supports efficient data access and
management.
Components of RDM (Overview)
• Main components:
• 1. Relation (Table)
• 2. Tuple (Row)
• 3. Attribute (Column)
• 4. Domain (Data Type)
1. Relation (Table)
• • Table with rows and columns.
• • Represents entity sets.
• • Unique name for each relation.
2. Tuple (Row)
• • Single record in a table.
• • Represents one entity instance.
• • Typically unique (primary key).
3. Attribute (Column)
• • Property or characteristic of entity.
• • Each column has a unique name.
• • Examples: Name, Age, Email.
4. Domain
• • Set of valid values for an attribute.
• • Examples:
• - Age: Positive integers
• - Email: Valid email formats
Schema vs Instance
• • Schema: Structure/design of database.
• • Instance: Current content/data in database.
• • Schema is static, instance changes.
Integrity Constraints
• • Primary Key: Uniqueness of row.
• • Foreign Key: Referential integrity.
• • Unique & Not Null constraints.
Advantages of RDM
• • Based on set theory and logic.
• • Data independence.
• • Ad-hoc query capability.
• • Fine-grained access control.
Limitations of RDM
• • Joins may affect performance.
• • Not ideal for complex, unstructured data.
• • Scalability issues in very large systems.
Conclusion
• • RDM is the core of modern DBMS.
• • Understanding relations, tuples, attributes,
domains is essential.
• • Key to strong database design.
Q&A
• • Any questions?
• • Open floor for discussion on RDM concepts.

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