Associate in IT

Foundation Skills (JAVA)

REVIEWER: PRESENTATION BY:
MS. A. YASASWI M. YASWANTH
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR 319126510042
DEPARTMENT OF CSE, ANITS

SUMMER INTERNSHIP
Add an Agenda Page
Code, test and debug Java
programs
Write and execute SQL
queries
Know the essential software
development processes and
practices
 Road Map for Pre
Contents
.

Software
1 Programmi 3 Database 5 Introductio 7
Engineerin
ng using Manageme n to NoSQL g and Agile
JAVA nt system databases software
developme
Part-1
nt

Data Database Software

Structures and Manageme Engineering
Algorithms nt system Concepts
using Java Part-2
2 4 6
Programming Introduction to Java
What is programming?

Using Java What is Java ?

Keywords, Variables and datatypes in java

Java keywords are also known as reserved words.
Ex : break , continue …

A variable is a container which holds the value

while the Java program is executed. A variable is
Provide insights into basics of programming a name that is assigned to a value.
Introduce fundamentals of Java programming
Data types specify the different sizes and values
Discuss the various control structures in Java that can be stored in the variable.
Provide insights into basics of object oriented
programming.
Operators in Java

Operators are the symbols used to perform specific

operations. There are various operators that can be used
for different purposes.
The operators are Unary, Arithmetic, Relational, Logical,
Ternary, Assignment, Bitwise

Control statements in Java

Java provides three types of control flow statements.

1. Decision Making statements
 if statements
 switch statement
2. Loop statements
 do while loop
 while loop
 for loop
 for-each loop
3. Jump statements
 break statement
 continue statement
Object Object-Oriented Programming is a methodology or
paradigm to design a program using classes and objects.

Oriented
Programming
OOPs Concepts in Java

OOPs simplifies software development and maintenance by

using Java
providing some concepts:
 Object
 Class
 Inheritance
 Polymorphism
 Abstraction
 Encapsulation
Methods in java:

A method is a set of statements which represents the

behavior of a class. It is used to implement a specific
functionality. In Java, every method must be part of some
class.

Method Scope

In Java, variables are only accessible inside the region they

are created. This is called scope.

Constructor in java:
A constructor in Java is a special method that is used to
initialize class variables at the time of object creation.
Exception Handling in Java:

The Exception Handling in Java is one of the powerful

mechanism to handle the runtime errors so that the normal
flow of the application can be maintained
Java Package
A java package is a group of similar types of classes,
interfaces and sub-packages.
Package in java can be categorized in two form, built-in
package and user-defined package.
There are many built-in packages such as java, lang,
awt, javax, swing, net, io, util etc.

Regex in java:
The Java Regex or Regular Expression is an API to define
a pattern for searching or manipulating strings.
Data Array
An array is a collection of similar type of elements which
has contiguous memory location. It is a data structure

Structures and
where we store similar elements. We can store only a
fixed set of elements in a Java array

Linked List

Algorithms It is a linear data structure where the elements are not

stored in contiguous locations and every element is a
separate object with a data part and address part.
The elements are linked using pointers and addresses.

using Java Each element is known as a node.

Stack
A stack is a linear data structure that stores items in
a Last-In/First-Out (LIFO) or First-In/Last-Out (FILO)
manner.

Queue
Queue is a linear data structure that stores items in First
In First Out (FIFO) manner.
Non- Linear data Structures

• Tree

A Tree is a non-linear data structure where data objects

are generally organized in terms of hierarchical relationship.

• Graph

In Java, the Graph is a data structure that stores a certain of

data. The concept of the graph has been stolen from the
mathematics that fulfills the need of the computer science
field. It represents a network that connects multiple points to
each other
Data Hashing and Hash Table

Hashing is the process of transforming a set of characters (key)

into a shorter fixed length integer value. This shorter fixed

Structures and
length integer value which represents the original set of
characters (key) is known as hash value or hash. A hash
function will be used to generate the hash value from the
original set of characters (key).

Algorithms Searching and Sorting Algorithms

LINEAR SEARCH
It compares each and every element with the value that we are

using Java
searching for.
• Base Case - O(1)
• Average Case - O(n)
• Worst Case -O(n)
• Binary search

BINARY SEARCH
This algorithm in which we repeatedly divide the list of elements
into two halves and then focus on any one of those lists based on
whether the element to be searched is greater than or less than
the middle element of the list is known as the binary search
algorithm.
Sorting Algorithms

Algorithm Techniques
• A greedy algorithm is an approach for solving a problem by
selecting the best option available at the moment. It doesn't worry
whether the current best result will bring the overall optimal result.

• Dynamic programming is to simply store the results of

subproblems, so that we do not have to re-compute them when
needed later. This simple optimization reduces time complexities
from exponential to polynomial.

Analysis of Algorithms

Analysis of algorithms is all about estimating the amount of

computing resources needed to execute a given algorithm
before implementing it as a program. It is also referred
as algorithm complexity.
Database ER Diagram
ER model is a graphical portrayal of entities and their
relationships which helps in understanding data independent

Management of the actual database implementation. Let us understand

some of the key terms used in ER Modelling.

Normalization
System Part -1 Normalization is the process of organizing the data in the
database. Normalization is used to minimize the redundancy
from a relation or set of relations. It is also used to eliminate
undesirable characteristics like Insertion, Update, and
Deletion Anomalies.

SQL Commands
SQL commands are instructions. It is used to communicate
with the database. It is also used to perform specific tasks,
functions, and queries of data.

SQL can perform various tasks like create a table, add data to
tables, drop the table, modify the table, set permission for
users.
Database NoSQL
NoSQL databases ("not only SQL") are non-tabular databases
and store data differently than relational tables. NoSQL databases

Management
come in a variety of types based on their data model. The main
types are document, key-value, wide-column, and graph. They
provide flexible schemas and scale easily with large amounts of
data and high user loads.

System Part - Some of the popular NoSQL databases are listed

below:
• Redis

2 •
•
•
•
Riak
DynamoDB
MemcacheD
Apache HBase
• Apache Cassandra
• MongoDB
• CouchDB
• Couchbase
• MarkLogic
• Neo4j
• OrientDB
• InfiniteGraph
Software Software Engineering
Software Engineering is an engineering branch related to

Engineering
the evolution of software product using well-defined
scientific principles, techniques, and procedures. The
result of software engineering is an effective and reliable
software product.

SDLC Models

 Waterfall Model
 Iterative Model
 Spiral Model
 V-Model
 Agile Model
 Big Bang Model
Conclusion
By completing this course, I was able to understand the different skills needed for any IT professional
to work with java. Concepts like Basics of java, Database management systems, which include both
SQL and NoSQL databases, software engineering concepts and different models related to it are
clearly understood.