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Anti Wear Additives

The document discusses anti-wear additives and their role in tribology, which involves the study of friction, wear, and lubrication. It outlines various types of wear, including adhesive, abrasive, erosive, fatigue, corrosive, and oxidative wear, as well as the importance of lubricants and base oils in reducing friction and wear. Additionally, it differentiates between mineral and synthetic oils used in lubrication, highlighting their compositions and properties.

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8 views8 pages

Anti Wear Additives

The document discusses anti-wear additives and their role in tribology, which involves the study of friction, wear, and lubrication. It outlines various types of wear, including adhesive, abrasive, erosive, fatigue, corrosive, and oxidative wear, as well as the importance of lubricants and base oils in reducing friction and wear. Additionally, it differentiates between mineral and synthetic oils used in lubrication, highlighting their compositions and properties.

Uploaded by

manasiiimanu18
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Anti Wear Additives

https://www.daikinchemicals.com/solutions/industries/
automotive.html
Anti Wear Additives
• Tribology
• Tribology is defined as “the science and technology of interacting
surfaces in relative motion”, and covers the fields of friction, wear and
lubrication, including the interactions between solids, liquids and
gases.
• Wear
• Wear is defined as the gradual loss of material of a solid, caused by
the mechanical stress of bodies in motion.
• Different types of wear can occur depending on the interacting
contact surfaces, the environment and the operating conditions.
Anti Wear Additives
Adhesive wear
• commonly known as scuffing, galling, or seizure, occurs when two
bodies or counterparts are in direct contact ,which plastically deform
and adhere to each other, causing severe wear when motion continues
and the bonds are broken.
Abrasive wear takes place when counterparts or hard particles body
remove material of a softer counterpart, resulting in scratches and
furrows.
• The process of abrasive wear involves both plastic flow and brittle
fracture.
Anti Wear Additives
• Erosive wear, related to abrasive wear, occurs due to impacting
particles,carried by a gas or flowing liquid, and cavitation wear is
caused by fast flowing liquids.
• Fatigue wear can be subsurface or surface initiated.
• Corrosive wear takes place if the material suffers corrosion by the
surrounding medium.
• When atmospheric oxygen is the corroding agent, oxidative wear
occurs.
Lubricants
• Lubricants are formulated products composed of a base oil and
various specialty additives designed for specific performance needs.
• The base oil functions as a solvent for the additives, which control the
bulk and surface properties.
• Additive levels in lubricants range from 1 to 25 wt.% depending on
the application.
• The functions of a lubricant include the reduction in friction and wear,
the cooling of components and the removal of wear debris.
Base oil
• The base oil, which can have different origins, either mineral or
synthetic, must be viscous enough to maintain a lubricant film under
the required operating conditions .
• but should be as fluid as possible to remove heat and to avoid power
loss due to viscous drag.
• It should also be stable under thermal and oxidative stresses,
• have low volatility and possess some ability to control friction and
wear by itself.
• Also important is the ability of the base oil to dissolve the additives
but to be inert toward the surfaces in contact.
Mineral Oil
• Mineral oils are the most commonly used in lubrication.
• They are composed of either straight or branched carbon chains, with 20-40 carbon atoms
• These base stocks also contain a small percentage of compounds containing hetero atoms,
such as sulfur, nitrogen, or oxygen, substituted in the various hydrocarbon structures.
• The heteroatoms are a small fraction of the basestock mixture, ranging from 0.5 to 4 wt.%,
• but they have a significant influence on base oil stability and can affect the lubricating
properties as they may interfere with the lubricant additives, physically or chemically.
• The fundamental differences between mineral oils derived from crude oil and refining
processes, arebased on chemical forms, sulfu rcontent and viscosity.
• There are three basic chemical forms of mineral oil,
• Paraffinic oil : Naphthenic oil
• Aromatic oil :
Synthetic oil

1. Synthetic hydrocarbon lubricants


2. Silicon analogues of hydrocarbons
3. Organo halogens

• Poly-alpha-olefins
• Diesters
1. Phosphate esters
2. Silicate esters
3. Polyglicol esters
4. Fluoro esters
5. Fatty acid esters
6. Neopentyl polyol esters

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