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3 - Subnetting

The document provides an overview of IP addressing, subnetting, and variable length subnet masking (VLSM). It explains how to create subnets from a Class C address, detailing subnet masks, network IDs, and broadcast addresses. Examples illustrate the calculations for the number of subnets and hosts based on different subnet masks.

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sahmim
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0 views

3 - Subnetting

The document provides an overview of IP addressing, subnetting, and variable length subnet masking (VLSM). It explains how to create subnets from a Class C address, detailing subnet masks, network IDs, and broadcast addresses. Examples illustrate the calculations for the number of subnets and hosts based on different subnet masks.

Uploaded by

sahmim
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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•Understanding the IP

•Subnetting

•VLSM&Summarization
Addressing without Subnets

192.168.5.1 192.168.5.2 192.168.5.3 192.168.5.253 192.168.5.254

…...

192.168.5.0

• Network 192.168.5.0
Addressing with Subnets
6
6 subnets
subnets
30
30 hosts
hosts per
per subnet
subnet
Class
Class C
C address:
address:
192.168.5.0
192.168.5.0
192.168.5.32
Other
subnets

192.168.5.64 192.168.5.96
192.168.5.0 192 168 5 00000000

255.255.255.0 255 255 255 00000000


Sub netting:
- Take a part of host bits & assign it to network part.

-Origin IP N H -Sub netting IPN SN H

Subnet mask:
- 32 bits mask that differentiate between host bits & network bits.
- Continuous of 1's followed by continuous of 0's.
1: represent network bits.
0: represent host bits.
192.168.5.0 192 168 5 0

255.255.255.0 255 255 255 0

192 168 5 00000000


192.168.5.0

255.255.255.0 255 255 11111111 00000000


Example
192.168.5.0/24
5 Subnet, 30 Host

First note 192.168.5.0 class C


Default mask = 255.255.255.0

No of network = 2^n-2 >= 5 ……….n=3


No of host = 2^5 – 2 = 30 > 25

The subnet mask is 255.255.255.11100000


255.255.255.224
192.168.5.0 192 168 5 00000000

255.255.255.224 255 255 255 11100000 Mask

192.168.5.0 192 168 5 00000000 Subnet

192.168.5.31 192 168 5 00011111 Broadcast


192.168.5.32 192 168 5 00100000

255.255.255.224 255 255 255 11100000 Mask

192.168.5.32 192 168 5 00100000 Subnet

192.168.5.63 192 168 5 00111111 Broadcast


192.168.5.64 192 168 5 01000000

192.168.5.95 192 168 5 01011111 Broadcast

192.168.5.96 192 168 5 01100000 Subnet

192.168.5.127 192 168 5 01111111 Broadcast


192.168.5.0 192 168 5 00000000

255.255.255.224 255 255 255 11100000

Network
000 ------- 0
001 ------- 32
010 ------- 64
011 ------- 96
100 ------- 128
101 ------- 160
110 ------- 192
111 ------- 224
192.168.5.0 ------ F 192.168.5.1 ------- L 192.168.5.30
------ NET ID 192.168.5.0 ------- Broad Cast 192.168.5.31
192.168.5.32 ------ F 192.168.5.33 ------- L 192.168.5.62
------ NET ID 192.168.5.32 ------- Broad Cast 192.168.5.63
192.168.5.64 ------ F 192.168.5.65 ------- L 192.168.5.94
------ NET ID 192.168.5.64 ------- Broad Cast 192.168.5.95
192.168.5.96 ------ F 192.168.5.97 ------- L 192.168.5.126
------ NET ID 192.168.5.96 ------- Broad Cast 192.168.127
192.168.5.128 ------ F 192.168.5.129 ------- L 192.168.5.158
------ NET ID 192.168.5.128 ------- Broad Cast 192.168.5.159
192.168.5.160 ------ F 192.168.5.161 ------- L 192.168.5.190
------ NET ID 192.168.5.160 ------- Broad Cast 192.168.5.191
192.168.5.192------ F 192.168.5.193 ------- L 192.168.5.222
------ NET ID 192.168.5.192 ------- Broad Cast 192.168.5.223
192.168.5.224 ------ F 192.168.5.225 ------- L 192.168.5.254
------ NET ID 192.168.5.224 ------- Broad Cast 192.168.5.255
Example
192.168.5.0/24
12 Subnet

First note 192.168.5.0 class C


Default mask = 255.255.255.0

No of network = 2^n-2 >= 12 ……….n=4


No of host = 2^4 – 2 = 30 > 14

The subnet mask is 255.255.255.11110000


255.255.255.240
192.168.5.0 192 168 5 00000000

255.255.255.240 255 255 255 11110000 Mask

192.168.5.0 192 168 5 00000000 Subnet

192.168.5.15 192 168 5 00001111 Broadcast


192.168.5.0 192 168 5 00000000

255.255.255.240 255 255 255 11110000 Mask

192.168.5.16 192 168 5 00010000 Subnet

192.168.5.31 192 168 5 00011111 Broadcast


Helper For
Training
learners today leaders tomorrow

01008062005 – 01283082397 - 01100136774


00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
192.168.5.0/24
5 Subnet, 30
Host
192.168.5.0 ------ F 192.168.5.1 ------- L 192.168.5.30
------ NET ID 192.168.5.0 ------- Broad Cast 192.168.5.31
192.168.5.32 ------ F 192.168.5.33 ------- L 192.168.5.62
------ NET ID 192.168.5.32 ------- Broad Cast 192.168.5.63
192.168.5.64 ------ F 192.168.5.65 ------- L 192.168.5.94
------ NET ID 192.168.5.64 ------- Broad Cast 192.168.5.95
192.168.5.96 ------ F 192.168.5.97 ------- L 192.168.5.126
------ NET ID 192.168.5.96 ------- Broad Cast 192.168.127
192.168.5.128 ------ F 192.168.5.129 ------- L 192.168.5.158
------ NET ID 192.168.5.128 ------- Broad Cast 192.168.5.159
192.168.5.160 ------ F 192.168.5.161 ------- L 192.168.5.190
------ NET ID 192.168.5.160 ------- Broad Cast 192.168.5.191
192.168.5.192------ F 192.168.5.193 ------- L 192.168.5.222
------ NET ID 192.168.5.192 ------- Broad Cast 192.168.5.223
192.168.5.224 ------ F 192.168.5.225 ------- L 192.168.5.254
------ NET ID 192.168.5.224 ------- Broad Cast 192.168.5.255
192.16.0.0 172 16 00000000 00000000

255.255.0.0 255 255 00000000 00000000


192.168.0.0 172 168 00000000 00000000

255.255.0.0 255 255 00000000 00000000


192.168.0.0 10 00000000 00000000 00000000

255.255.0.0 255 00000000 00000000 00000000


192.168.0.0 10 00000000 00000000 00000000

255.255.0.0 255 00000000 00000000 00000000

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