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Solving Inequalities

The document explains the concept of inequalities, including the symbols used (e.g., <, ≤, >, ≥) and how to graph them on a number line. It provides examples of solving inequalities, emphasizing the importance of reversing the inequality sign when multiplying or dividing by a negative number. Additionally, it covers absolute value inequalities and how to solve and graph them.

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Rajib Ali bhutto
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14 views

Solving Inequalities

The document explains the concept of inequalities, including the symbols used (e.g., <, ≤, >, ≥) and how to graph them on a number line. It provides examples of solving inequalities, emphasizing the importance of reversing the inequality sign when multiplying or dividing by a negative number. Additionally, it covers absolute value inequalities and how to solve and graph them.

Uploaded by

Rajib Ali bhutto
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Solving and

Graphing
Inequalities
An inequality is like an equation,
but instead of an equal sign (=) it
has one of these signs:
< : less than
≤ : less than or equal to
> : greater than
≥ : greater than or equal to
“x < 5”
means that whatever value x
has, it must be less than 5.
Try to name ten numbers that
are less than 5!
Numbers less than 5 are to the left
of 5 on the number line.

-25 -20 -15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15 20 25

• If you said 4, 3, 2, 1, 0, -1, -2, -3, etc., you are right.


• There are also numbers in between the integers, like
2.5, 1/2, -7.9, etc.
• The number 5 would not be a correct answer,
though, because 5 is not less than 5.
“x ≥ -2”
means that whatever value x
has, it must be greater than or
equal to -2.
Try to name ten numbers that
are greater than or equal to -2!
Numbers greater than -2 are to the
right of 5 on the number line.

-25 -20 -15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15 20 25


-2
• If you said -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, etc., you are right.
• There are also numbers in between the integers,
like -1/2, 0.2, 3.1, 5.5, etc.
• The number -2 would also be a correct answer,
because of the phrase, “or equal to”.
Where is -1.5 on the number line?
Is it greater or less than -2?

-25 -20 -15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15 20 25


-2

• -1.5 is between -1 and -2.


• -1 is to the right of -2.
• So -1.5 is also to the right of -2.
Inequalities and their Graphs

Objective: To write and graph simple


inequalities with one variable
Inequalities and their Graphs
What is a good definition for Inequality?

An inequality is a statement that


two expressions are not equal

2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Inequalities and their Graphs

x 5 x 5

2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Inequalities and their Graphs

Terms you see and need to know to graph inequalities correctly

< less than


Notice
> greater than open
circles
Inequalities and their Graphs
Terms you see and need to know to graph inequalities correctly

≤ less than or equal to

≥ greater than or equal to

Notice colored in circles


Inequalities and their Graphs
Let’s work a few together

Notice: when variable is on


left side, sign shows
x 3 direction of solution

3
Inequalities and their Graphs
Let’s work a few together

Notice: when variable is on


left side, sign shows

x7 direction of solution

7
Inequalities and their Graphs
Let’s work a few together

Notice: when variable is on


p  2 left side, sign shows
direction of solution

-2 Color in
circle
Inequalities and their Graphs
Let’s work a few together

Notice: when variable is on


left side, sign shows

x 8 direction of solution

Color in circle
Solve an Inequality
w+5<8
w + 5 + (-5) < 8 + (-5)

All numbers less


w<3 than 3 are
solutions to this
problem!
More Examples
8 + r ≥ -2
8 + r + (-8) ≥ -2 + (-8)
r ≥ -10
All numbers from -10 and up (including
-10) make this problem true!
More Examples
x - 2 > -2
x + (-2) + (2) > -2 + (2)
x>0
All numbers greater than 0 make this
problem true!
More Examples
4+y≤1
4 + y + (-4) ≤ 1 + (-4)
y ≤ -3
All numbers from -3 down (including -3)
make this problem true!
There is one special case.

●Sometimes you may have to reverse the


direction of the inequality sign!!

●That only happens when you


multiply or divide both sides of the
inequality by a negative number.
Solving by multiplication of a
negative #
Multiply each side by the same negative
number and REVERSE the inequality
symbol.

(-1)  x4 (-1) Multiply by (-1).

See the switch

x4
Solving by dividing by a negative
#
Divide each side by the same negative
number and reverse the inequality
symbol.

 2 x 6
-2 -2

x 3
Example:
Solve: -3y + 5 >23
●Subtract 5 from each side.
-5 -5
-3y > 18
-3 -3 ●Divide each side by negative 3.
y < -6 ●Reverse the inequality sign.
●Graph the solution.

-6 0
Try these:
1.) Solve 2x + 3 > x + 5 2.)Solve - c – 11 >23
-x -x + 11 + 11

x+3>5 -c > 34
-3 -3 -1 -1

x>2 c < -34

3.) Solve 3(r - 2) < 2r + 4


3r – 6 < 2r + 4
-2r -2r

r–6<4
+6 +6 r < 10
You did remember to reverse
the signs . . .
 15   4 x  7 5
7 7 7
 8   4 x 12
4 4 4
2  x  3
Good job!
Example: 2x  6  4x  8
- 4x - 4x
 2x  6  8 Ring the alarm!
We divided by a
negative!
+ 6 +6
 2 x  14
-2 -2

We turned the sign! x7


Solving and Graphing Inequalities

Very Basics of Graphing Inequalities (on a number


line)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nif2PKA9bXA

Graphing an inequality with the variable on the


right side and negative
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Em_Taf3_aRo
Remember Absolute Value
Ex: Solve 6x-3 = 15
6x-3 = 15 or 6x-3 = -15
6x = 18 or 6x = -12
x = 3 or x = -2

* Plug in answers to check your solutions!


Ex: Solve 2x + 7 -3 = 8
Get the abs. value part by itself first!
2x+7 = 11
Now split into 2 parts.
2x+7 = 11 or 2x+7 = -11
2x = 4 or 2x = -18
x = 2 or x = -9
Check the solutions.
Ex: Solve & graph.
4 x  9 21
• Becomes an “and” problem

15
 3 x 
2 -3 7 8
Solve & graph.
3x  2  3 11
• Get absolute value by itself first.
3 x  2 8
• Becomes an “or” problem
3x  2 8 or 3x  2  8
3 x 10 or 3 x  6
10
x  or x  2
3

-2 3 4
Example 1:
This is an ‘or’ statement.
● |2x + 1| > 7 (Greator). Rewrite.
● 2x + 1 > 7 or 2x + 1 >7 In the 2nd inequality, reverse the
inequality sign and negate the
● 2x + 1 >7 or 2x + 1 <-7
right side value.

● x > 3 or x < -4 Solve each inequality.


Graph the solution.

-4 3
Example 2:
● |x -5|< 3
This is an ‘and’ statement.
(Less thand).
● x -5< 3 and x -5< 3
● x -5< 3 and x -5> -3 Rewrite.
In the 2nd inequality, reverse the
● x < 8 and x > 2 inequality sign and negate the
right side value.
● 2<x<8
Solve each inequality.

Graph the solution.

2 8
Absolute Value Inequalities
Case : x 3  5

and
x 3  5 x 35
x  2 x 8

 2x 8
Absolute Value Inequalities
Case : 2x 1  9
or
2x 1   9 2x 1  9
2x   10 2x  8
x 5 x4

x   5 OR x  4

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