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The document discusses thermoelectric materials, focusing on their ability to generate power through temperature differences and their application in refrigeration. It highlights the importance of the Seebeck coefficient and the figure of merit (ZT) in evaluating thermoelectric efficiency. The proposed plan includes fabricating hybrid materials and designing polymer composites for practical applications, aiming for a ZT of around 0.5 to remain competitive.

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4 views

upload-140930112659-phpapp01

The document discusses thermoelectric materials, focusing on their ability to generate power through temperature differences and their application in refrigeration. It highlights the importance of the Seebeck coefficient and the figure of merit (ZT) in evaluating thermoelectric efficiency. The proposed plan includes fabricating hybrid materials and designing polymer composites for practical applications, aiming for a ZT of around 0.5 to remain competitive.

Uploaded by

farji9119
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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THERMOELECTRIC MATERIALS

By

Vijitha I

Junior Research Fellow

CSIR-NIIST
PIONEER IN THERMOELECTRICS

Thomas
Seebeck
Instrument used by Seebeck to
observe the deflection of a compass
needle (a) due to a thermoelectric
induced current from heating the
junction of two different metals (n and
THERMOELECTRICITY

 Temperature difference across a solid


produces thermally generated emf which can
drive current through a load (power
generation)

 Driving current through the same solid results


in heating in one contact and cooling in
another (refrigeration)
POWER GENERATION/ REFRIGERATION
THERMOELECTRIC EFFICIENCY

Thermoelectric Figure Of Merit


SEEBECK COEFFICIENT

Open circuit voltage produced per unit


temperature difference (Thermo EMF)
V

T

From transport calculations in


nanoscale
K B  EC  E F 
   n 
e  K BT 
THERMOELECTRIC MATERIALS

The good thermoelectric materials should


possess

α σ
κ
DESCRIPTION OF THE PROBLEM

 Electron mobility is low for organic materials


 Getting ZT for n-type and p-type TE materials
at same temperature
EC
EF

EV
N-type

α σ α σ
INTERRELATION

ZT  α 
T

Figure of merit

K B  EC  E F 
   n 
e  K BT 


Seebeck coefficient

e
LT

Wiedemann-Franz Law
THE SWEET SPOT
Semimetals
& highly
Semiconductor doped Metals
semiconduct
ors
PROPOSED PLAN

 Fabrication of hybrid materials


 Understand underlying physics
 Designing polymer composite based TE
materials and refrigeration modules
 Roll-to-roll printable TE circuitries
 Low power rating TE refrigerators
compactable with low cost organic solar cell

To be competitive, ZT should be ~
0.5
APPLICATIONS OF TE MATERIALS

RTG

Mars Science Laboratory Thermoelectric converter module

Thermoelectric generator
K YO U
TH AN

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