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Population growth refers to the change in the number of people in a specific area over time, influenced by births, deaths, and migration. Positive growth occurs when births and immigration exceed deaths and emigration, while negative growth happens when the opposite is true. Factors affecting birth and death rates include cultural beliefs, economic conditions, healthcare quality, and living conditions.

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4 views

comp of pop

Population growth refers to the change in the number of people in a specific area over time, influenced by births, deaths, and migration. Positive growth occurs when births and immigration exceed deaths and emigration, while negative growth happens when the opposite is true. Factors affecting birth and death rates include cultural beliefs, economic conditions, healthcare quality, and living conditions.

Uploaded by

anujhudden825
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Components of

population growth

By Anuj hudden
What is
population?
Population is the set of people in a given region or area.
In biology or ecology it is a group of individuals living or interbreeding in
a particular geographical area
In statistics it is the entire group from which data is collected or analysed.
What is population
growth?
Population growth means the change (usually increase) in the number of people
living in a particular region or the world over a period of time.
In simple terms:
"When more people are born and fewer people die, the total number of people
becomes larger — this is called population growth.“
Types of population growth
When more people are being born or
Positive Growth moving into the area, causing the
population to increase.
When more people are dying or moving
Negative Growth
out, causing the population to decrease.
When the number of births + immigrants is
Zero Growth equal to deaths + emigrants; population
stays stable.
Components of population growth

Births (Natality) Deaths (Mortality)


The number of babies born in a population The number of people who die in a population
over a specific period of time. over a specific period of time.

Migration
Migration is the movement of people from
one place to another, either within a country
or across countries.
Birth rate
•Definition:
The number of babies born in a population over a specific period of time.
•Crude Birth Rate (CBR):
It is the number of births per 1,000 people per year.
Crude Birth Rate=(Number of Births in a Year/Total Population)×1000
Factors affecting birth rate:
•Cultural and religious beliefs (preference for large families).
•Economic conditions (richer countries usually have lower birth rates).
•Government policies (family planning programs, incentives for having children).
•Social status of women (education and employment often lower birth rates).
•Impact on Population Growth:
Higher birth rates increase population growth.
Death rate
Deaths (Mortality)
Definition:
The number of people who die in a population over a specific period of time.
Crude Death Rate (CDR):
It is the number of deaths per 1,000 people per year.
Crude Death Rate=(Number of Deaths in a Year/Total Population)×1000
Factors affecting death rate:
• Healthcare quality (better hospitals = fewer deaths).
• Availability of food and clean water.
• Wars, natural disasters, and epidemics.
• Living conditions (clean air, sanitation).
Impact on Population Growth:
Lower death rates increase population growth (people live longer).
Migration
•Definition:
Migration is the movement of people from one place to another, either within a country or
across countries.
•Types of Migration:
•Immigration (IN):
People enter a new area/country.
•Emigration (OUT):
People leave their home area/country.
•Impact on Population Growth:
•Immigration adds to the population.
•Emigration reduces the population.
•Reasons for migration:
•Economic opportunities (jobs).
•Better education and healthcare.
•Escaping conflicts or natural disasters.
Overall Equation
for Population
Growth

Population Growth=(Births−Deaths)+(Immigration−Emigration) This


means:
If births + immigration > deaths + emigration → population grows.
If deaths + emigration > births + immigration → population declines.
Thank you

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