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Lesson 4.1 Electric Current

This document covers the concepts of electric current, including the formula I = q/t, and distinguishes between conventional current and electron flow. It explains the components of an electric circuit, defines current density, and introduces drift velocity. Additionally, it poses several questions related to the application of these concepts in practical scenarios.

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etoco325
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12 views12 pages

Lesson 4.1 Electric Current

This document covers the concepts of electric current, including the formula I = q/t, and distinguishes between conventional current and electron flow. It explains the components of an electric circuit, defines current density, and introduces drift velocity. Additionally, it poses several questions related to the application of these concepts in practical scenarios.

Uploaded by

etoco325
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1

Charges in
motion
Formula
Electric Current
I = q/t
Lesson 4.1 I 4th Quarter I General Physics 2
2

Ob j ect i ves :

Distinguish between Relate the drift velocity


1 3
conventional current and of
electron flow, a collection of charged
particles to the electric
current and current
2 Apply the relationship,
density,
charge = (current)(time),
to new situations or to
solve related problems
3
Label the parts of the electric circuit.
WORD BANK
Which part? Wire Switch Battery light bulb

1 2

3 4
4

ELECTRIC CIRCUIT

is a complete, closed path for an electric


current to flow.

All circuits consist of an energy source, a


load, and wires to connect the parts together.
5

Electric Current
A continuous flow of electric
charges in a conducting path (can
be a wire or any conductor) .

𝑄
𝐼=
𝑡

SI Unit : Ampere (Amp )


elect ri c c i rcu i t
6
André-Marie Ampère

A French mathematician and


physicist, who gave his name to
the Amp, the unit of electrical
current.

1𝐶𝑜𝑢𝑙𝑜𝑚𝑏
1 𝐴𝑚𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑒=
1 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑑

1𝐶
1 𝐶𝑜𝑢𝑙𝑜𝑚𝑏= − 19
1.602 𝑥 10 𝐶 / 𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑟𝑜𝑛

through a section per second. André-


Marie
Ampère
7

Conventional Current and Electron flow

Electron flow Conventional Current

The direction of current


flows from negative to The direction of current
positive terminal of the flows from positive to
battery. negative terminal of the
battery.
Direction :
counterclockwise Opposite to the direction of
electron.
8

Electric Current
9

Current Density
I

The ratio of electric current


passing per cross - sectional area
of the wire.
𝐼 −
A
𝐽= 𝑜𝑟 𝐽 =𝑛 (𝑒 ) 𝑣 𝑑
𝐴
I → current
J → current density
A → Area ( ╥r2 )

= = 𝑆𝐼 𝑈𝑛𝑖𝑡 :
𝐴
2
𝑚
8
10

Drift Velocity

The average speed the particles 𝐽


𝑣𝑑= −
travels along a conductor. 𝑛𝑒
QUESTIONS:
11

1. A steady current of 0.5 A flows through a wire. How much charge


passes through it in one hour? How many electrons does this
represent?

2. How many electrons flows through a light bulb each seconds if the
current through the light bulb is 0.75 A?

3. A current of 6 mA is flowing through a copper wire that has an area of


4 m2. What is the current density?

4. The cross-sectional area of a copper wire is 7.85 x 10-7 m2. Copper


has a density of 8.5 x 1028 e-/m3. When the current is 1.4 A, determine
the drift velocity of the electrons over the wire.
12

Thank Have a
great da
ahead.
y

you!
Prepared by : ALLEN I. DALINOG

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