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Chernobyl Disaster: The Worst Manmade Disaster in Human History

The document summarizes the 1986 Chernobyl disaster, the worst nuclear power plant accident in history. It provides details on the location of the Chernobyl plant in Ukraine, describes the events that led to the reactor explosion on April 26, 1986, and outlines the immediate aftermath including evacuation efforts and radioactive contamination spread across Europe. Long term impacts included thousands of deaths from radiation exposure and increased rates of cancer and other illnesses in the affected regions for decades after the disaster.

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Neelam Chhipa
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58 views18 pages

Chernobyl Disaster: The Worst Manmade Disaster in Human History

The document summarizes the 1986 Chernobyl disaster, the worst nuclear power plant accident in history. It provides details on the location of the Chernobyl plant in Ukraine, describes the events that led to the reactor explosion on April 26, 1986, and outlines the immediate aftermath including evacuation efforts and radioactive contamination spread across Europe. Long term impacts included thousands of deaths from radiation exposure and increased rates of cancer and other illnesses in the affected regions for decades after the disaster.

Uploaded by

Neelam Chhipa
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Chernobyl Disaster

The worst manmade disaster in human history

Presented ByPrincy Philip Manjula Naicker Neelam Chhipa Swati Kamthe Sarfaraz Momin

Where is Chernobyl?

Chernobyl

Built in 1978-1979 Chernobyl Chernobyl Nuclear Power Station loacted near the city of Prypiat, Ukraine. It was the site of the Chernobyl disaster in 1986.

Reactor Plant Scenario


1. As the reaction occurs, the uranium fuel becomes hot 2. The water pumped through the core in pressure tubes removes the heat from the fuel 3. The water is then boiled into steam 4. The steam turns the turbines 5. The water is then cooled
23 May 2007

6. Then the process repeats

Czech Technical University in Prague

What really happened the meltdown

The smoking reactor Chernobyl Interinform

The exploded reactor Igor Kostin (taken 12 hours after the catastrophe)

What really happened the meltdown

26th of April, 1986 01:23:00: Start of an experiment in Block IV of the plant 01:23:40: The emergency shutdown fails 01:23:48: The reactor explodes, emitting radioactivity 28th of April, 1986 21:00:00: The Soviet news TASS first reports the accident 29th of April, 1986: Western news first report of the meltdown
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What really happened measures taken


After 36 hours: Evacuation of 45,000 people from the city of Pripyat Until May 5th: Evacuation of 130,000 people from within 30 km of ground zero May 1st, 1986: The state begins the control of water and milk 23. May 1986: Iodine tablets start to be disseminated
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The plants fire brigades try to control the flames

What really happened Measures Taken

600,000 860,000 young men (so called liquidators) are drafted to clean Two men clean a vehicle up the wreckage Until May 5th: 4,200 tons of lead and sand are dropped on the nuclear reactor May 6th: The fire is finally brought under control

Source: Chernobyl Interinform

What really happened Radioactive Pollution


Death Zone: 30-Kilometer-radius around the reactor Contaminated regions: Belarus: 30 percent Ukraine: 7 percent European Russia: 1,6 percent Total of 162,000 km2 are contaminated Nine million people are affected. 400,000 loose their houses and properties

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What really happened Radioactive Pollution


Changing wind patterns spread the radioactive cloud all over Europe Scandinavia, the Baltic States, Poland, Germany, Switzerland, Austria, Italy and other regions were contaminated as well

April 26th, 00.00

April 27th, 00.00

April 27th,12.00

April 29th, 00.00

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Direct Casualties
5.5 million people still live in contaminated areas 31 people died in 3 months of radiation poisoning 134 emergency workers suffered from acute radiation sickness 25,000 rescue workers died since then of diseases caused by radiation Cancer afflicts many others Increased birth defects, miscarriages, and stillbirths

Indirect Casualties
By the year 2000 there were 1800 case of thyroid cancer in children and adolescent High number of suicide and violent death among Firemen, policemen, and other recovery workers

Environment Impact
Areas still impacted today:
Soil Ground Water Air Food
Crops Livestock

Nuclear Accidents in Chernobyl


Accidents
1982 In 1982, a partial core meltdown occurred in reactor no. 1 at the Chernobyl plant. Due to the secret policy of the Soviet Union, the extent of the accident was not made public until years later. The reactor was repaired and put back into operation within months. 1986

On April 26, 1986, a disaster occurred at reactor no. 4, which has been widely regarded as the worst accident in the history of nuclear power. As a result, reactor no. 4 was completely destroyed and has since been enclosed in a concrete sarcophagus to prevent further escape of radiation. 1991 In 1991, during a scheduled shutdown, a fire broke out in reactor no. 2's turbine, causing severe damage to the reactor building. It was then decided that reactor no. 2 would not be returned to operation because of the severity of the damage.

Recommendations
Have proper Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) for both normal and emergency situations Have scheduled trainings and practices for normal and emergency situations

Recommendations (cont.)
Always have a reactor expert on site Have operators confirm any cues from the system before making hypothesis or taking action Have a team work kind of environment such that every body is involved

A Short Video

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