Scribd
Upload
6 views

Chapter 5d

The document discusses various types of waste, including solid, liquid, municipal, biomedical, industrial, agricultural, fishery, radioactive, and electronic wastes, along with their sources and impacts on health and the environment. It emphasizes the importance of waste management practices such as reducing, reusing, and recycling to mitigate negative effects on human health, ecosystems, and climate. Additionally, it outlines strategies for waste reduction, employee education, and community involvement in sustainable waste management initiatives.

Uploaded by

alhudafashionbd
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
6 views

Chapter 5d

The document discusses various types of waste, including solid, liquid, municipal, biomedical, industrial, agricultural, fishery, radioactive, and electronic wastes, along with their sources and impacts on health and the environment. It emphasizes the importance of waste management practices such as reducing, reusing, and recycling to mitigate negative effects on human health, ecosystems, and climate. Additionally, it outlines strategies for waste reduction, employee education, and community involvement in sustainable waste management initiatives.

Uploaded by

alhudafashionbd
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 20

Environmental Science

EVS 1203
Dr. Md. Iftakharul Muhib
Assistant Professor
Department of GE

Chapter-5d
Dr. Md. Iftakharul Muhib
Assistant Professor
B.Sc. (Honors’), M.Sc., Ph.D.
Environmental Science and Engineering

Total Number of International Publication: 37


Total Number of Google Scholar Citations: 733*
Google Scholar Profile: https://scholar.google.co.jp/citations?
hl=en&user=iJHWf-QAAAAJ
Research Gate Profile: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Md-
Iftakharul-Muhib
Orcid Id: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5143-2482
Scopus Author ID: 57194780480
Web of Science Researcher ID: LMP-3569-2024

Total Teaching & Research Experience: More than


Eleven (11) Years
What are Wastes?
Waste (also known as rubbish, trash,
refuse, garbage, junk, litter, and ort) is
unwanted or useless materials. In biology,
waste is any of the many unwanted
substances or toxins that are expelled from
living organisms, metabolic waste; such as
urea and sweat.
Kinds of Wastes
Solid wastes: wastes in solid forms, domestic, commercial an
industrial wastes

Examples: plastics, Styrofoam containers, bottles,


cans, papers, scrap iron, and other trash

Liquid Wastes: wastes in liquid form

Examples: domestic washings, chemicals, oils, waste


water from ponds, manufacturing
industries and other sources
Classification of wastes according to their origin and type

• Municipal Solid wastes: Solid wastes that include household garbage, rubbish,
construction & demolition debris, sanitation residues, packaging materials, trade
refuges etc. are managed by any municipality.
• Bio-medical wastes: Solid or liquid wastes including containers, intermediate or
end products generated during diagnosis, treatment & research activities of
medical sciences.
• Industrial wastes: Liquid and solid wastes that are generated by manufacturing &
processing units of various industries like chemical, petroleum, coal, metal gas,
sanitary & paper etc.
• Agricultural wastes: Wastes generated from farming activities. These substances
are mostly biodegradable.
• Fishery wastes: Wastes generated due to fishery activities. These are extensively
found in coastal & estuarine areas.
• Radioactive wastes: Waste containing radioactive materials. Usually these are
byproducts of nuclear processes. Sometimes industries that are not directly
involved in nuclear activities, may also produce some radioactive wastes, e.g.
radio-isotopes, chemical sludge etc.
• E-wastes: Electronic wastes generated from any modern establishments. They
may be described as discarded electrical or electronic devices. Some electronic
scrap components, such as CRTs, may contain contaminants such as Pb, Cd, Be or
brominated flame retardants.
Sources of Wastes

Households

Commerce and Industry


IMPACTS OF WASTE IF NOT MANAGED WISELY

•Affects our health


•Affects our socio-economic conditions
•Affects our coastal and marine environment
•Affects our climate

•GHGs are accumulating in Earth’s atmosphere as a result of human


activities, causing global mean surface air temperature and subsurface
ocean temperature to rise.

•Rising global temperatures are expected to raise sea levels and change
precipitation and other local climate conditions.

•Changing regional climates could alter forests, crop yields, and water
supplies.

•This could also affect human health, animals, and many types of
ecosystems.

•Deserts might expand into existing rangelands, and features of some of


our national parks might be permanently altered.
Waste hierarchy
Waste hierarchy refers to 3 Rs
Reduce, Reuse, Recycle
Impacts of waste on health

Chemical poisoning through chemical inhalation


Uncollected waste can obstruct the storm water
runoff resulting in flood
Low birth weight
Cancer
Congenital malformations
Neurological disease
Impacts of waste on health
• Nausea and vomiting
• Increase in hospitalization of diabetic
residents living near hazard waste sites.
• Mercury toxicity from eating fish with high
levels of mercury.
Effects of waste on animals and aquatics life

• Increase in mercury level in fish due to


disposal of mercury in the rivers.
• Plastic found in oceans ingested by birds.
• Resulted in high algal population in rivers and
sea.
• Degrades water and soil quality.
Impacts of waste on Environment
• Waste breaks down in landfills to form
methane, a potent greenhouse gas
• Change in climate and destruction of ozone
layer due to waste biodegradable
• Littering, due to waste pollutions, illegal
dumping, Leaching: is a process by which solid
waste enter soil and ground water and
contaminating them.
• U.S. Environment Protection Agency (2009)
WHAT SHOULD BE DONE
• Reduce Waste
- Reduce office paper waste by implementing a formal policy to duplex
all draft reports and by making training manuals and personnel
information available electronically.

- Improve product design to use less materials.

- Redesign packaging to eliminate excess material while maintaining


strength.

- Work with customers to design and implement a packaging return


program.

- Switch to reusable transport containers.

- Purchase products in bulk.


WHAT SHOULD BE DONE

Reuse

- Reuse corrugated moving boxes internally.

- Reuse office furniture and supplies, such as interoffice envelopes,


file folders, and paper.

- Use durable towels, tablecloths, napkins, dishes, cups, and


glasses.

- Use incoming packaging materials for outgoing shipments.

- Encourage employees to reuse office materials rather than


purchase new ones.
WHAT SHOULD BE DONE

Donate/Exchange

- old books

- old clothes

- old computers

- excess building materials

- old equipment to local organizations


WHAT SHOULD BE DONE

Employee Education

- Develop an “office recycling procedures” packet.

- Send out recycling reminders to all employees including


environmental articles.

- Train employees on recycling practices prior to


implementing recycling programs.

- Conduct an ongoing training process as new technologies


are introduced and new employees join the institution.
WHAT SHOULD BE DONE

Employee Education

- education campaign on waste management


that includes an extensive internal web site,
quarterly newsletters, daily bulletins,
promotional signs and helpful reference labels
within the campus of an institution.
WHAT SHOULD BE DONE

Conduct outreach program adopting an ecologically


sound waste management system which includes:

• waste reduction
• segregation at source
• composting
• recycling and re-use
• more efficient collection
• more environmentally sound disposal
Residents may be organized into small groups to carry out the following:

1. construction of backyard compost pit

2. construction of storage bins where recyclable and reusable


materials are stored by each household

3. construction of storage centers where recyclable and reusable


materials collected by the street sweepers are stored prior to
selling to junk dealers

4. maintenance of cleanliness in yards and streets

5. greening of their respective areas

6. encouraging others to join

You might also like