Artificial Intelligence

Artificial Intelligence

The term artificial intelligence was first coined by

Prof. John McCarthy for a conference on the
subject, held at Dartmouth College in 1956.
McCarthy defines the subject as the “science and
engineering of making intelligent machines,
especially intelligent computer programs”.

What is Artificial Intelligence?

What is Artificial Intelligence?

Artificial intelligence (AI) is a sub filed of

computer science that aims at building computer
systems capable of performing tasks and
computing that normally require human
intelligence.
The three eras of computing

• Tabulating Era
• Programming Era
• AI Era
Big Data
• Big data refers to huge amounts of
data generally characterized by 3 Vs: Structured Data v/s Unstructured Data
• Variety
• Volume
• Velocity
Later more Vs were added: Veracity and Visibility
AI types and approaches

Strong artificial
intelligence

Weak artificial
intelligence
Evolution of AI types

Artificial
Super
Artificial Intelligence
General (ASI)
Intelligence
(AGI)
Artificial
Narrow
Intelligence
(ANI)
How humans think

• First is to observe and input the information or data in the brain

• Second is to interpret and evaluate the input received from the
surrounding environment.
• Third is taking decisions as a reaction towards what you
 Applications of artificial
intelligence in different industries

• Autonomous transportation refers to self- • Home services and robots have already
Transportation:

Home robots:
driven vehicles, such as driverless cars and entered people’s homes in the form of
unmanned ground vehicles (UGVs), which vacuum cleaners and personal assistants.
are vehicles that can sense their Better chips, low-cost 3D sensors, cloud-
environment and navigate without human based machine learning, and advances in
input. Autonomous transportation will speech understanding will enhance future
soon be commonplace, and likely include robots’ services and their interactions
cars, trucks, flying vehicles, and personal with people. Special purpose robots will
robots. clean offices, and enhance security.
Drones are already being used to deliver
packages.
 Applications of artificial
intelligence in different industries

• In healthcare, there has been a huge forward leap • Even when quality education will always require
Healthcare

Education
in collecting useful data from personal active engagement by human teachers, AI can
monitoring devices and mobile apps, electronic enhance education at all levels, especially by
health records (EHRs) in clinical settings, surgical providing personalization at scale. Interactive
robots that assist with medical procedures, and machine tutors are now being matched to
service robots that support hospital operations. students for teaching science, math, language,
AI applications can generate new insights that and other disciplines. Natural Language
speed up matching subjects to clinical studies, Processing, machine learning, and crowdsourcing
identify promising targets for research, reduce have boosted online learning and enabled
drug discovery times, and provide virtual teachers in higher education to multiply the size
assistance to patients. of their classrooms while addressing individual
students’ learning needs and styles.

Health Medical Debate

Applications of artificial
intelligence in different industries

• AI technologies are already in use • AI is poised to replace people in

Security

Workplace
in North America for border certain jobs, such as driving taxis
administration and law and trucks. However, in many
enforcement. By 2030, the realms, AI will likely replace tasks
government will rely heavily upon rather than jobs in the near term,
them, including improved cameras and also create new jobs. But the
and drones for surveillance, new jobs that emerge are harder
algorithms to detect financial to imagine in advance than the
fraud, and predictive policing. existing jobs that will likely be lost.

Macroscope Smart
 Applications of artificial
intelligence in different industries

• Entertainment has been • Agriculture

Entertainment

Other Sectors
transformed by social networks
and other platforms for sharing
• Banking, Financial Services,
and browsing blogs, videos, and and Insurance (BFSI)
photos, which rely on techniques • Manufacturing
actively developed in Natural
Language Processing, information • Oil and Gas
retrieval, image processing, and
machine learning.

Vision Woodside
What is the difference between
AI and machine learning?
• AI is the top-level container for • Machine learning is a subfield
all things (components and of AI that gives machines the
layers) related to creating a ability to learn and act without
system that represents a being explicitly programmed.
synthetic “mind” that can learning combines computer
solve problems in a heuristic science, statistics, algorithms
manner. Machine learning is and mathematics to create
the core of any AI system. statistical models.

Artificial Machine
Intelligence Learning
 AI - Fundamental research
areas

• Machine learning is a • NLP is the subfield of AI that • CV is the subfield of AI that • Business analytics solutions
methodology of taking large applies computational applies computational provide organizations with
amounts of data and finding a techniques to analyze and techniques to understand and actionable insights for smarter
reasonably “optimal” synthesize human natural process images in pictures and decisions and better business
mathematical solution that can language and speech. NLP is the videos. CV uses deep learning outcomes.
be used to predict results given study of the computational algorithms to analyze images for
future data. treatment of natural (human) scenes, objects, faces, and other
language. content in videos, photos and
pictures in general.

Machine Natural language Computer vision Business

learning processing (NLP) (CV) analytics
Introduction to business analytics
Analytics focuses on defining
and solving business problems.
The goal of any analytics
solution is to provide the
organization with actionable
insights for smarter decisions
and better business outcomes.
Therefore, analytics can help
technical and business leaders
to know how to anticipate and
predict the future.