Scribd
Upload
17 views36 pages

Interviewing Skills - PDF - 20250219 - 154213 - 0000

The document outlines the objectives and principles of effective interviewing skills in health history taking, emphasizing the importance of establishing a therapeutic relationship and utilizing various communication techniques. It details the phases of an interview, common pitfalls to avoid, and the components of a comprehensive health history. Additionally, it provides guidance on creating a conducive environment for interviews and the significance of nonverbal communication.

Uploaded by

sadaf.tahira2022
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
17 views36 pages

Interviewing Skills - PDF - 20250219 - 154213 - 0000

The document outlines the objectives and principles of effective interviewing skills in health history taking, emphasizing the importance of establishing a therapeutic relationship and utilizing various communication techniques. It details the phases of an interview, common pitfalls to avoid, and the components of a comprehensive health history. Additionally, it provides guidance on creating a conducive environment for interviews and the significance of nonverbal communication.

Uploaded by

sadaf.tahira2022
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 36

Interviewing Skills &

Health History

Capt. Saddaf Tahira


BSN, PGD, MS Clinical psychology
Objectives
By the end of presentation, learners will be
able to:

Explain the purpose, process and
principals interviewing.
 Describe
Discuss interview
interviewing techniques.
pitfalls. Identify
phases of interview. Discuss
communication techniques.


Cont….

Practice utilizing therapeutic skills with a


learner‟s partner.
Discuss the process of investigating

positive findings during the health history.
Identify strengths and weaknesses via

observation of a videotaped interaction
and self/peer analysis.
Interview
 Is goal directed purposeful interaction
between two people.
Purposes
Gather information to base nursing care
: Establish a helping relationship
 (promoting, motivating, supporting)
Identify health status, concerns and

problems
Screening Identify need for education


Interview

process/approaches
Directiv
e
Formal & structured to collect wide range
of information usually content focused,
control, close
Indirective ended

Informal and focused on specific area
concern, process freedom, open ended of
Interview Principles

Introduce yourself. Don‟t rush. Allow enough time
for the interview. Avoid interruptions. Explain that
information from the interview is
confidential.
Actively listen to what your patient is saying.
 Maintain eye contact.
 Work at the same level as your patient. Pull up a
chair and sit next to her or him.

Cont….
 Don‟t invade your patient‟s personal space. Two
to 4 feet away is a comfortable distance for most
patients.
Explain what you are doing and why. If the patient
presents with a problem, begin by

asking questions about that.
 Begin with nonsensitive issues. Leave more

 sensitive topics until the end.


Consider your patient‟s cultural background.


Cont….

Consider your patient‟s developmental level.


How does it affect the interview and your
interpretation of the data?
Don‟t become preoccupied with writing. You may

convey to the patient that the forms you are
completing are more important than he or she is.

 Be nonjudgmental.
Avoid “why?” questions; they tend to put patients

on the defensive.
Cont…..

Nonverbal behavior is more accurate than


verbal. Take a look at yours—What is it telling
your patient?
Take a good look at your patient‟s nonverbal

behavior.
Never pass up an opportunity to teach.
Present reality. Be honest. Be respectful.


Interviewing Pitfalls

 Leading the patient Biasing yourself Letting
 family members answer for patient.
Asking more than one question at a time.

Not allowing enough response time.
 Using medical jargon
Assuming rather than clarifying and validating.
Cont….

 Feeling personally uncomfortable
 Offering false reassurance Asking
persistent
Changing or probing questions
the subject Jumping to

conclusions.
Phases of interview
1 Introductory
Orientation Purpose Interview environment
. Psychological (nonjudgmental and respectful)
Physical ( privacy, noise, seating, light,
 temperature)


Phases of interview cont….
2 Working phase Built trust and
. rapport Patient readiness (less

sensitive topic
 first)

Use of therapeutic
techniques) self ( common

Goal in mind
Phases of interview cont….
3 Termination
. phase Closure/
 summarize Plan for
 future Evaluate
 (goals)
Communication Pattern
1 Verbal Conversation Non
. verbal Body motion Eye contact,
 posture and distance Appearance
2 Silence Touch
.




The Environment

 Improve
    communication

Develop trust Use proper
name and title Setting
Quite Privacy Lighting
Distance ( 4 feet) Personal
Appearance
Note Taking

Explain the purpose of record

 Should not divert attention

 Note down short phrases, words & dates

 Avoid writing on sensitive matters


Communication Techniques

1.Greeting the
patient
Great the patient by name Shake hand
Avoid
   “Auntie” or “Bibi” Explain your
status & relation to patient
care.
Cont …..
2.Patient's
comfort
Explore feeling & convenience
Watch for signs of:
 Discomfort or pain

Poor positioning
Anxiety

Need to urinate
Cont …..

3.Opening
question
Start with general question

 Inquire again

 Ask one by one about multiple issues


Cont…
4.Empathetic
Responses

Ways that shows understanding and
acceptance
“ I understand” “you must have been
 very upset”

Non verbal
 Offering a tissue to a crying patient Gently
placing your hand on patient‟s arm

Cont…….
5.Confrontati
onPoint out something about there own words
Confrontation helps to bring hidden feelings out “
you said that you don‟t care but there are tears

in your eyes”


6.Interferen
ceInference “you are asking a lot of questions
about x-rays.

Are you worried”
Cont…….
7.Facilitati
onBy posture,
forward, action
making or contact
eye word Learning
Saying
“hmm” or “go on” I m listning.


8.Reflectio
A repetition of the patient‟s words that
n encourages the patient to give you more details
 E.g.: Patient: the pain got worse and began to

spread (pause)
Nurse: ok its spread

Cont…….
9.Clarificati
on
 Some time patients words are nuclear
Request clarification “tell me what you
 mean by a „cold‟.”
10. Asking about
feelings
Ask them how they feel, or felt, about

something such as symptoms or events
Cont….
10.
Transition
Move from one part of history to another

 “now I would like to ask some question


about your past health”
Cont…..
11.
Closing
Address
  patient questions
Rephrase Get feed back
Components of Health History
1. Identifying Data
 Identifying data—such as age, gender,
occupation,
Source of marital
the status
history—usually the patient, but

can
be
theamedical
family member
record or friend, a letter of referral or

2. Chief
Quote the patient’s own words. “My
Complaint(S)
hurts and I feel awful”; or “I have come for my
stomach

regular check-up.”
Cont…..
3. Present
This section is a complete, clear, and chronological
Illness
account of the problems prompting the patient to seek

care.

It should include the problem‟s onset, the setting in
which it has developed, its manifestations, and any
treatments.
 Seven features are listed below as pertinent
positives and negatives from relevant areas of
the Review of Systems.
Cont….
Location, Quality, Quantity or severity,
Timing,
1) including onset, duration, and
2)
frequency,
Setting
3) in which they occur,
4)
Aggravating and relieving factors,

Associated
5) manifestations
6)
7)
Cont…..
4. Past
List childhood illnesses, then list adult
History
illnesses in each of the four areas:

 Medical (e.g., diabetes, hypertension, hepatitis,


asthma,(HIV), with dates
about hospitalizations withofdates;
onset;numbers
also information
and
gender of sexual partners; risky sexual practices.

 Surgical (dates, indications, and types of operations)


Cont…..

Obstetric/gynecologic (obstetric history, menstrual
history, birth control, and sexual function).

 Psychiatric (illness and time frame, diagnoses,


hospitalizations, and treatments)

 Also discuss health maintenance, including


immunizations.
Cont…..
5. Family
History
 Outline or diagram the age and health, or age and
cause of death, of each immediate relative, including
grandparents, parents, siblings, children, and
grandchildren.
Record the following conditions as either present or

absent in the family: hypertension, coronary artery
disease, elevated cholesterol levels, stroke, diabetes,
thyroid or renal
tuberculosis, disease,
asthma cancer
or lung (specify
disease, type), arthritis,
headache,
seizure disorder, mental illness, suicide, alcohol or
drug addiction, and allergies, as well as symptoms that
the patient reports.
Cont…..
6. Personal and Social
History
Include occupation and the last year of schooling;
 home situation and significant others; sources of
stress, both recent and long-term; important life
experiences, such as military service; leisure
activities; religious affiliation and spiritual beliefs;
and activities of daily living (ADLs).

Also include lifestyle habits such as exercise
and
diet, safety measures, and alternative
health care
practices.

You might also like