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MATHS PPT

The F-test is a statistical hypothesis test used to compare variances across multiple populations, often utilized in ANOVA to assess differences among group means. It has advantages such as flexibility and robustness, but also comes with disadvantages like assumptions of normality and sensitivity to outliers. The conclusion of the F-test determines whether to accept or reject the null hypothesis regarding the similarity of variances among groups.

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2 views

MATHS PPT

The F-test is a statistical hypothesis test used to compare variances across multiple populations, often utilized in ANOVA to assess differences among group means. It has advantages such as flexibility and robustness, but also comes with disadvantages like assumptions of normality and sensitivity to outliers. The conclusion of the F-test determines whether to accept or reject the null hypothesis regarding the similarity of variances among groups.

Uploaded by

Suriya Prakash
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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TITLE: F-TEST

PRESENTED BY:
SURYA.K
123012453412
I MCA-C
OVERVIEW

• INTRODUCTION
• DEFINITION
• T-TEST FORMULAS
• ADVANTAGES OF F-TEST
• DISADVANTAGES OF F-TEST
• PROBLEMS
• APPLICATIONS
• CONCLUSION
INTRODUCTION

INTRODUCTION:
• The F-test is a hypothesis test used to compare the variances of two or
more populations or samples. It is often used in analysis of variance
(ANOVA) to determine if there
• are significant differences among the means of several groups. Abstraction
in the context of
• the F-test refers to the underlying principles and concepts that allow
statisticians to make inferences about population variances or group
means.
DEFINITION

The F-statistic, a ratio of variances, is based on mean squares, which are


estimates of population variance adjusted for degrees of freedom.

Standard deviations, being in the same units as the data, are more intuitive
for most people compared to variances.
T-TEST FORMULAS

• F = ,where, =

• Its should be noted that, is always the large estimate of


• =

variance
• i.e.,
• and
• =degrees of freedom for sample having larger variance.
• =degrees of freedom for sample having smaller variance.
ADVANTAGES OF F-TEST

• Flexibility
• Comparison
• Robustness
• Interpretability
• Widely Accepted
• Efficiency
• powerful
DISADVANTAGES OF F-TEST

• Assumption of Normality
• Assumption of Equal Variances
• Sensitivity to Outliers
• Not Suitable for Small Sample Sizes
• Limited to Specific Comparisons
• Interpretation Complexity
Problems
Two random samples were drawn from two normal populations and their values are:

For v1=10 & v2=8.


Test whether the two populations have same variance at 5% level of significant

A 66 67 75 76 82 84 88 90 92

B 64 66 74 78 82 85 87 92 93 95 97

A B

66 -14 196 64 -19 361


67 -13 169 66 -17 289
75 -5 25 74 -9 81
76 -4 16 78 -5 25
82 2 4 82 -1 1
84 4 16 85 2 4
88 8 64 87 4 16
90 10 100 92 9 81
92 12 144 93 10 100
95 12 144
97 14 196
=720 ∑=734 ∑B=913 ∑=1298
= = 80
= = 83

= 11-1 => =10


= 9-1 => =8
For =10, =8, the Table Value is 3.347.
Calculated Value(0.707) < Table
Value(3.347)
F= = Hypothesis is accepted
F= 0.707 Hence, it may be calculated that two
populations have same variance.
T-TEST TABLE
APPLICATIONS

• Agriculture
• Finance
• Sports
• Marketing
• Medicine
• Psychology
CONCLUSION

• The F-test in math and computer applications is all about comparing


variances in groups or samples. This leads to two outcomes:
1. Null Hypothesis Accepted: the groups have similar variances.

2. Null Hypothesis Rejected: This suggests that at least one group or


sample has a different variance compared to the others.
• The final result hinges on your data, research question, and selected
significance level (alpha). Keep in mind that the F-test assesses variance,
so its meaning should align with your analysis context and research goals

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