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Plant Breeding 6

The document outlines breeding methods for self-pollinated crops, categorizing them into selection on heterogeneous populations and segregating generations, with specific techniques such as pureline selection and backcrossing. It discusses the genetic basis of backcrossing, focusing on the recovery of genes and the increase in homozygosity through multiple backcross generations. Additionally, it highlights important considerations in backcrossing and introduces multiline breeding approaches for disease resistance.

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JIBAN MITRA
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3 views

Plant Breeding 6

The document outlines breeding methods for self-pollinated crops, categorizing them into selection on heterogeneous populations and segregating generations, with specific techniques such as pureline selection and backcrossing. It discusses the genetic basis of backcrossing, focusing on the recovery of genes and the increase in homozygosity through multiple backcross generations. Additionally, it highlights important considerations in backcrossing and introduces multiline breeding approaches for disease resistance.

Uploaded by

JIBAN MITRA
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Date: 02/12/24

Class 6

Breeding methods for Self pollinated crops


Two categories
1. Selection on heterogeneous ( mixture of homozygous) base
population

• Pureline selection
• Mass Selection
2. Selection on segregating generation
•Pedigree
•Bulk
•SSD
•Backcross
Backcrossing
• Mendelism?
Terminology

• Backcrossing
• Recipient parent
• Donor parent
• Recurrent parent
• Generation: BC1
: BC2
: BC3
…….
…….. BC1F1, BC1F2…….
Genetic basis
Backcrossing for transferring
dominant trait
Backcross method: recessive
trait/gene
Two concepts

• Recovery of genes ( allele) from recipient


• % of homozygosity increase
increase in homozygosity

• Homozygosity = 1-(1/2 )n
(2 -1)/ 2n
= n

• As in case of selfing of heterozygous


• N= no of backcrossing
• For m no og gene
• Ho = [(2n -1)/ 2n ]m
• Only one homozygour not 2m no. of homozygous
Homozygosity like recipient

• H0= 1-(1/2)n
/ BC
Generation
AA Aa AA Aa
P: AA X aa
F1: Aa X AA 0, 1 0 100
BC1: AA, Aa X AA ½, ½ 50 50
BC2: AA, Aa X AA ¾, ¼ 75 25
BC3: AA, Aa X AA 7/8 , 1/8 87.5 12.5
BC4: AA, Aa X AA 15/16, 1/16 93.75 6.25
BC5: AA, Aa X AA 31/32, 1/32 96.87 3.125
BC6: AA, Aa X AA 63/64, 1/64 98.5 1.5
Recovery of gene from recipient: actually allele

• Recovery = 1-(1/2)n+1
/ BC
Generation
A a A a
P: AA X aa
F1: Aa X AA ½, ½ 50 50
BC1: AA, Aa X AA ¾ ¼ 75 25
BC2: AA, Aa X AA 7/8, 1/8 87.5 12.5
BC3: AA, Aa X AA 15/16 , 1/16 93.75 6.25
BC4: AA, Aa X AA 31/32, 1/32 96.87 3.12
BC5: AA, Aa X AA 63/64, 1/64 98.5 1.5
BC6: AA, Aa X AA 127/128, 1/128 99.25 0.75
Important points in backcrossing
• selection of recurrent /recipient parent
• Donor parent
• Traits under transfer
• No of backcrossing
Select/evaluate
• at what stage
• For which traits
Multiline: a breeding approach
• Resistance to disease, insect pest
• mixture of different pureline varieties

• Isogenic for different disease resistance genes


• Self pollinated crop
History
• Jensen NF
• Pureline variety: adaptability
• Vulnerability
• Disease

Borlaugh: isogenic lines


Other approach for SPC
• Population approach

• DSMS
Population approach
• recombination
• Breaking linkage
• Superior new recombination
• Intermating selected F2
• Repeat in F3
• Then follow pedigree
DSMS
• Jensen
• Series of breeding programme
• Mega serial
Next
• Breeding for Cross pollinated crops

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