A WORLD OF IDEAS

Global Media Cultures

Globalization of Religion

JOENABEL F. ASUNCION
 1. Define Market Integration, their importance
Objectives and their history.

2. Explain the role of international financial

institutions in the creation of a global economy

3. Narrate a short story of global market integration

in the twentieth

Identify the attributes of global corporation

4.
 01
Introduction to Market Integration
Definition

01 Market Integration
Market integration refers to the by which economies are becoming
more interdependent and interconnected in terms of commodity
flows including externalities and spill over of impacts, (Genschel
& Jacktenfuchs, 2017

02 International Financial Institutions

Institutions that provide support through loans or grants and
technical advices to promote a country’s economic and social
development (Bhargava, 2006:393)

03 Corporations
A private institutions that produce or manufactures goods and
products, and services for more expanded market usually at
the reach of regions or the world
 02
The Role of International Financial Institutions in the
creation of a global economy
Roles of International Financial Institutions IFIs
Providing Funding and Loans

World Bank and the International Monetary Fund (IMF) offer financial assistance to
countries for development projects, infrastructure, and crisis management, helping
stabilize economies and promote growth.

Promoting Economic
Stability
The IMF monitors global economic trends and provides policy advice to
countries, helping them maintain stable economies and avoid financial crises that
could disrupt global trade.

Facilitating Trade and

Investment
Offer financial support and encouraging sound economic policies boosting
global economic interconnectedness.
Roles of International Financial Institutions IFIs
Setting Standards and
Norms
IFIs set global economic standards, such as regulatory
frameworks for banking, financial markets, and trade, which
help harmonize systems across countries and create a more
unified global economy.

Encouraging Structural
Reforms
IFIs often assist countries in implementing
structural reforms to improve economic efficiency,
governance, and market functioning, contributing to a
more integrated and competitive global market.
 03
Short story of global Market
Integration in the Twentieth
Century
Short History of Global Market Integration

Post-World War Era

01 After World War II, nations realized that global cooperation was
essential to avoid future conflicts and foster economic recovery.
The Bretton Woods Conference (1944) led to the
establishment of key institutions like the International
Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank, aimed at
promoting financial stability, rebuilding war-torn economies, and
reducing trade barriers.

International Institutions
02 The creation of the United Nations (1945), the World Trade
Organization (WTO) (originally GATT in 1947), and other regional
organizations facilitated international cooperation on trade, security,
and development, driving greater economic integration.
Short History of Global Market Integration

Technological Advancement
03 Innovations in transportation (like air travel) and communications
(such as the telephone and the Internet) shrank the world, making it
easier for people, goods, services, and information to cross borders.

Free Trade and Market Reforms

04 The late 20th century saw the rise of free-market policies, with
countries liberalizing trade, reducing tariffs, and allowing foreign
direct investment. This led to the formation of economic blocs like
the European Union (EU) and trade agreements such as the
North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA).
Short History of Global Market Integration

Financial Globalization
05 With the expansion of global financial markets, capital began flowing
more freely across borders. The rise of multinational corporations
(MNCs) and global supply chains further integrated the world
economy.
 04
Attributes of Global Corporations
 1. Globalof
Attributes Presence
Global Corporations
Global corporations operate in multiple countries across
different continents. They have subsidiaries, offices, or
operations in various regions, allowing them to access
diverse markets and resources. MCDONALDS

2. Large Scale of Operations

These companies tend to have massive scale, both in
terms of revenue and production capacity. Their size allows
them to take advantage of economies of scale and dominate
industries. WALMART

3. Diverse Product and Service Offerings – AMAZON,

SAMSUNG, GOOGLE
Global corporations typically offer a wide range of
products or services, often customized to meet the needs of
different markets or regions. Their portfolio might span
 4. Cross-border Supply Chains
Attributes of Global
MNCs operateCorporations
with complex global supply chains,
sourcing raw materials, and distributing goods across
multiple countries. This allows them to leverage cost
advantages, access local expertise, and streamline
production processes. APPLE, NIKE, TOYOTA, COCA
COLA

5. International Management Structure

These companies have management teams that can
operate across different cultural, legal, and economic
environments. – UNILIVER, MCDONALDS

6. Global Capital Access

Global corporations have the ability to access financial
markets and capital from around the world. They can raise
funds through international stock exchanges, bonds, or
foreign investments, enabling them to finance large-scale
Attributes of Global Corporations
7. Market Power and Influence
Due to their size and resources, global corporations
often have significant influence over global markets,
suppliers, and even governments. They can shape industry
trends and policies and exert considerable economic power.
AMAZON, APPLE, GOOGLE , TESLA, COCA COLA

8. Technology Integration
These companies leverage advanced technologies for
efficient management of operations, communication, and
production. Automation, digital platforms, and data analytics
are commonly used to optimize business processes.
AMAZON, APPLE, GOOGLE ,
Thank you for listening!

JOENABEL F. ASUNCION
Be ready for
the

QUIZ next
 Technological Advancements

Role of Communication
Impact of Digitalization Advancements in Transportation
Technologies
Detailed description about this Detailed description about this Detailed description about this
titleDigitalization helps in market titleCommunication technologies titleTransportation advancements aid
integration by enabling faster, more facilitate market integration by market integration by reducing
efficient business operations and enhancing connectivity and shipping times and costs, enabling
improving access to global markets. information exchange across goods to move more freely across
regions. borders.
 Economic Impacts

01 Benefits of Increased Market Competition 02 Economic Growth and Efficiency

Increased market competition promotes innovation, Market integration drives economic growth by
improves product quality, and lowers prices for expanding trade opportunities, optimizing resource
consumers, fostering a more dynamic and efficient allocation, and enhancing productivity through
economy. economies of scale.