VIDEO ANOMALY DETECTION

USING
Team MACHINE LEARNING
V Snega Guide
M Abirami Devi Abarna
M Abarna shri
C Swathi
 ABSTRACT
 Video anomaly detection plays a crucial role in various applications, such as surveillance,

industrial monitoring, and autonomous systems, where identifying unusual or suspicious

activities in video streams is vital for ensuring safety and operational efficiency.
 Traditional methods struggle to effectively capture the complexity of temporal and spatial

relationships in dynamic video data.

 This paper presents a machine learning-based approach for video anomaly detection,

leveraging advanced techniques such as convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for spatial

feature extraction and recurrent neural networks (RNNs) for temporal pattern modeling.
 By training on large datasets of normal behavior and using unsupervised learning methods,

the model can identify deviations from learned patterns, classifying them as anomalous

events.
 OBJECTIVE
 The objective of video anomaly detection using machine learning is to develop an intelligent system

that can automatically identify unusual activities or abnormal patterns in video footage.
 By leveraging advanced machine learning techniques, the system aims to analyze video frames in

real-time or from recorded data to detect deviations from normal behavior, such as suspicious

movements, unauthorized access, or safety violations.

 The model is trained on normal video sequences to learn typical patterns and then flags anomalies

based on statistical deviations or deep learning-based feature extraction.

 This approach enhances surveillance efficiency, reduces the dependency on manual monitoring, and

improves security in various domains, including public safety, traffic monitoring, and industrial

operations.
 By minimizing false alarms and ensuring timely detection of unusual events, the system contributes

to a more proactive and automated anomaly detection framework.

 EXISTING SYSTEM
 Traditional methods and even some deep learning models struggle to generalize
across different environments or video datasets.
 Variations in lighting, background, and camera angles can significantly affect
detection performance, making it difficult for models to adapt to new, unseen
situations.
 Existing systems often struggle to balance the detection of anomalies while
minimizing false positives (incorrectly identifying normal events as anomalies)
and false negatives (failing to detect actual anomalies).
 This can lead to reduced system reliability, especially in critical applications like
security.
 DISADVANTAGES OF EXISTING
SYSTEM
 Many existing systems struggle with accurately identifying anomalies,
leading to frequent false alarms or missed detections. This undermines
their reliability and utility in real-world applications.
 Existing systems often have limitations in handling large-scale video data
in real-time, making them unsuitable for deployment in high-traffic
surveillance networks or complex environments.
 Supervised machine learning models often require extensive labeled
datasets for training. However, obtaining labeled data for rare anomalies is
challenging, time-consuming, and expensive.
 PROPOSED SYSTEM
 The proposed system for video anomaly detection integrates a hybrid deep
learning framework that combines convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for
spatial feature extraction with long short-term memory (LSTM) networks for
temporal pattern modeling.
 This approach aims to capture both the detailed features of individual frames and
the temporal relationships between successive frames, which is crucial for
detecting subtle anomalies.
 The system utilizes an unsupervised learning technique, enabling it to identify
deviations from learned normal behaviors without the need for labeled data.
 ADVANTAGES OF PROPOSED
SYSTEM
 The proposed system leverages advanced machine learning models, such
as deep learning algorithms, to improve the detection of anomalies,
reducing both false positives and false negatives.
 The proposed system is designed to generalize effectively across diverse
environments, including varying lighting conditions, camera angles, and
resolutions, ensuring robust performance in different settings.
 The proposed system optimizes computational resources, reducing
hardware requirements and operational costs, making it accessible for
deployment even in resource-constrained settings.
 HARDWARE CONFIGURATION

 The below Hardware Specifications were used in both Server and Client
machines when developing.
 Processor : Intel(R) Core(TM) i3
 Processor Speed : 3.06 GHz
 Ram : 2 GB
 Hard Disk Drive : 250 GB
 Floppy Disk Drive : Sony
 CD-ROM Drive : Sony
 Monitor : “17” inches
 Keyboard : TVS Gold
 Mouse : Logitech
 SOFTWARE CONFIGURATION

 The below Software Specifications were used in both Server and Client
machines when developing.
 SERVER
 Operating System : Windows 10/11
 Technology Used : Python
 Database : My-SQL
 Database Connectivity : Native Connectivity
 Web Server : Django
 Browser : Chrome
 CLIENT
 Operating System : Windows 7
 Browser : Chrome
 MODULES

1. Pre-processing Module
2. Feature Extraction Module
3. Temporal Pattern Learning Module
4. Anomaly Detection Module
5. Attention Mechanism Module
6. Post-processing and Decision Module
7. Visualization and User Interface (UI) Module
 MODULES DESCRIPTION

 1. Pre-processing Module:
 The preprocessing module is responsible for preparing the video data for
analysis. It performs several tasks, such as frame extraction, resizing video
frames to a standard resolution, and normalization of pixel values to ensure
uniform input for the detection model. It may also involve background
subtraction or object segmentation to separate moving objects from static
backgrounds, which aids in more efficient anomaly detection. This module also
handles noise reduction and frame rate adjustment to ensure consistent input for
the next stages of the system.
 2. Feature Extraction Module:
 The feature extraction module utilizes Convolutional Neural Networks
(CNNs) to extract spatial features from individual video frames. This module
identifies key patterns, such as objects, edges, and textures, that help the model
understand the composition of each frame. The output is a set of feature maps
that summarize the content of the video frames, which are critical for detecting
any deviations or anomalies in the subsequent steps.
 3. Temporal Pattern Learning Module:
 This module uses Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks or
similar recurrent architectures to model the temporal relationships between
successive frames. Since anomalies often emerge over time, understanding
the evolution of video content is crucial. The temporal pattern learning
module captures how objects and scenes evolve and provides a dynamic
understanding of normal and abnormal behaviors over time. It processes the
feature sequences produced by the previous module to identify time-
dependent patterns, helping the model distinguish between normal events
and unusual occurrences.
 4. Anomaly Detection Module:
 The anomaly detection module is the core of the system, where the
actual identification of anomalies takes place. It compares the patterns
detected by the spatial and temporal models to the learned normal behaviour.
This module flags deviations as potential anomalies based on the output
from both the CNN and LSTM networks. It may use unsupervised learning
methods to detect anomalies in a data-driven manner, allowing the system to
identify novel or previously unseen abnormal events without needing
labeled training data.
 5. Attention Mechanism Module:
 The attention mechanism module helps the model focus on specific regions or
objects in the video that are more likely to show anomalous behavior. Instead of
treating the entire frame equally, this module allocates more computational resources
to areas of interest, enhancing detection efficiency and accuracy. This helps the
system handle large-scale videos and improves the identification of anomalies that
may be subtle or localized in specific regions of the frame.
 6. Post-processing and Decision Module:
 Once anomalies are detected, the post-processing and decision module
performs additional analysis to refine the results. It involves filtering out false
positives and integrating context-based reasoning (e.g., checking if the detected
anomaly aligns with expected behaviors or rules). This module may also aggregate
multiple detected anomalies over time to confirm the significance of an event.
Finally, it triggers alerts or takes appropriate actions (e.g., sending notifications,
logging the event, or initiating corrective actions) based on the detected anomalies.
 7. Visualization and User Interface (UI) Module:
 This module provides an interactive interface for users to visualize the video
feed, highlight detected anomalies, and review the system’s output. It can display a
timeline of video activity, mark detected anomalous events, and offer playback
capabilities to allow users to view the specific moments of anomalies. The UI can
also enable customization of detection thresholds, anomaly types, and alerting
preferences for tailored monitoring. This module ensures the system can process
video data in real time. It is responsible for optimizing performance, balancing
computational load, and reducing latency while maintaining high accuracy.
THANK YOU