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Module 5 PDD

Module 5 covers the fundamentals of industrial design, including principles such as balance, proportion, rhythm, and user-friendly design. It emphasizes the importance of the golden ratio in achieving aesthetic harmony and discusses human factors in design to enhance user experience. Additionally, it introduces the concept of designing for the environment to minimize ecological impact throughout a product's lifecycle.

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Fauzan Rehmani
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1 views

Module 5 PDD

Module 5 covers the fundamentals of industrial design, including principles such as balance, proportion, rhythm, and user-friendly design. It emphasizes the importance of the golden ratio in achieving aesthetic harmony and discusses human factors in design to enhance user experience. Additionally, it introduces the concept of designing for the environment to minimize ecological impact throughout a product's lifecycle.

Uploaded by

Fauzan Rehmani
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Module 5: Industrial Design

> Industrial design,


> Basic forms & elements, Integrating basic forms &
elements such as balance, rhythm, proportion,
> The golden rule of proportions,
> Human factors, and design,
> User-friendly design,
> Design for serviceability,
> Design for environment

1
Industrial Design

2
Definition of Industrial Design

3
Definition of Industrial Design

4
The principles of design vary with different approaches to modern design
among different schools of design thinking and individual design practitioners.
> These principles are not rigid but may be directed by intent.
> The designer s purpose and creative vision drives the decisions in
order to achieve appropriate scale, good proportion as well as harmony
among the elements.
> The concepts of elements Principles of Design and principles drive all
intentional design strategies.

Therefore, the awareness of the elements and principles of design is the first
step to create aesthetic and visually pleasing garments.
The principles of design are categorized under five components:
1) Balance
2) Proportion
3) Rhythm
4) Emphasis
1) Balance

Balance is a state of equilibrium between different visual aspects of


a composition. In other words, the visual elements need to be balanced
in order to make a design look stable.
Symmetrical Balance Asymmetrical Balance Radial balance
2) Proportion
What is the rule of proportion in design?
Proportion is a design principle in art that refers to the relationship of two or
more elements in a composition and how they compare to one another
concerning size, color, quantity, degree, setting, etc.; i.e., ratio.

> Proportion is the representation of the relative size and scale of the
various elements in a design.
> It is the relationship of various parts to each other and to the whole
shape.
> Proportion is determined by distance, size and degree.
> It plays an important role in art, architecture, textile and clothing.
> A relationship is formed when two or more elements are combined in a painting
All designs are seen in the context of proportion of the human body.
3) Rhythm

Rhythm refers to the patterned repetition, recurrence and organized


movement of the elements. Visual rhythm is achieved by means of
repetition, progression and radiation.
> Any changes in the hue, value or chroma of colour in a recognizable
pattern, is also an expression of rhythm. Space may have different
rhythms.
> The rhythmic effect becomes stronger when a pattern is repeated;
any change in rhythm causes visual disruption.
> Rhythm reinforces the functional, structural and decorative
aspects of garment.
> It has communicative ability that enables easier comprehension of
the viewers through its visual beat.
The rhythm in the wall paper pattern is created by wavy lines in a two dimensional
composition.
A similar rhythm takes the form of a design feature on the skirt where the straight
lines are actually pleats.

Rhythm can be achieved in three ways: i) Repetition ii) Gradation iii) Radiation
What is the golden rule of proportion?

The golden ratio, also known as the golden number, golden


proportion, or the divine proportion, is a ratio between two numbers that
equals approximately 1.618.

The Golden Rule guides people to choose for others what they would
choose for themselves. The Golden Rule is often described as 'putting
yourself in someone else's shoes'
The ratio itself is defined as 1:1.618033987, and is
represented by the Greek symbol Phi.
This can apply to shapes or objects next to each other (comparing
their widths or lengths), or for forming a single shape like a
rectangle (i.e. length = 1.618x width).

The formula for calculating the ratio is A/B = (A+B)/A =


1.6180033987, though this number is often rounded in practical
applications to be easier to work with. 1:1.618 or 1:1.62 may be used
in these cases.
The Golden Ratio is the
Fibonacci sequence,
defined by the
mathematician Fibonacci.
This sequence states that
each number in the
sequence is the sum of
the two values that
came before it.

For instance, 1+1 = 2,


therefore the first three
numbers in the sequence
are 1, 1, 2, and
The Fibonacci sequence is what creates the
the next would be 3 (1+2 golden spiral, which is a logarithmic spiral that
= 3). grows by a factor of the golden ratio. In most
representations of the golden ratio, the golden
This continues, creating spiral is shown, like below.
It is commonly occurring in
nature, primarily the spiral.
> It can be seen in plants, the
shell of the Nautilus,
> Even the cloud formations
in hurricanes.

> When you dig into it, the


golden ratio is all around us,
both man made and natural.
> Take a look at the National
Geographic logo — it’s a
proportional rectangle that
follows the Golden Ratio.
Human factors in design

Human factors in design refers to ergonomic and aesthetic factors


that influence the design of products, systems, and environments.
These factors are supported by the use of anthropometric,
psychological, and sensory data gathering and analysis techniques.

What are the human factors in design?


Human Factors is about designing products, systems and
equipment around people. It uses psychology and
physiology to understand human limitations – both mental and
physical – to make things better and more effective.
User-friendly design

What is user-friendly design?


A user-friendly design enhances user experience by making it easy for
users to achieve their goals and perform tasks with ease. It involves
simplifying the design, providing clear and concise instructions, and
reducing the learning curve.

What is UX design process for industrial design?


This practice is often referred to as “User Centered Design”, and is
essentially the defining trait of UX design. If you boil it down to a basic
statement; UX design is the process of determining a users' needs and
wants, and applying that as an input into a product in order to optimize
the users' experience.
Design for environment

Design for the Environment (DFE) is a design approach to


reduce the overall human health and environmental
impact of a product, process or service, where impacts
are considered across its life cycle.

Different software tools have been developed to assist


designers in finding optimized products or processes/services.

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