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modulation & demodulation (3)

The document discusses modulation and demodulation, defining them as processes that alter and extract information from carrier waves, respectively. It highlights the differences between analog and digital signals, various modulation techniques (amplitude, frequency, phase), and their applications in communication systems. Additionally, it addresses the future needs for faster internet and smarter networks, emphasizing the importance of these processes in modern telecommunications.

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Kashmala Alam
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3 views

modulation & demodulation (3)

The document discusses modulation and demodulation, defining them as processes that alter and extract information from carrier waves, respectively. It highlights the differences between analog and digital signals, various modulation techniques (amplitude, frequency, phase), and their applications in communication systems. Additionally, it addresses the future needs for faster internet and smarter networks, emphasizing the importance of these processes in modern telecommunications.

Uploaded by

Kashmala Alam
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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network strategies

MODULATION &
DEMODULATION
BY: KASHMALA ALAM
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
Digital VS Analog Signals

Define what Modulation & Demodulation Is

Describe The Need Of Modulation & Demodulation

Modulation Techniques

Applications Of Modulation & Demodulation

Future Need
ANALOG VS DIGITAL

A continuous A discrete signal


signal that can with a finite
take on any value number of states
in a range (e.g., 0 and 1)

Represented by Represented by
sine waves square waves
Modulation: The process of changing some
characteristic (e.g. amplitude, frequency or
phase) of a carrier wave in accordance with the
intensity of the signal is known as modulation.

MODULATION &
DEMODULATION

Demodulation: Demodulation is the


process of extracting the original
information-carrying signal from a
modulated carrier wave.
NEEDS OF MODULATION
Practical Operating Wireless
antenna range. communicati
length on

in order to transmit
modulate a high efficient radiation of
a wave effectively,
electrical energy is
the length of the frequency carrier wave
possible at high
transmitting antenna with audio signal and
frequencies (> 20 kHz).
should be permit the transmission
For this reason,
approximately equal to occur at this high
modulation is always
to the wavelength of frequency done in communication
the wave.
systems.
Components Of
Modulation
Message Signal (Baseband Signal):
• This is the original information you want to send (e.g., audio,
video, data).
• It typically has a low frequency and cannot travel far without
degradation.
Carrier Signal:
• A high-frequency signal that carries the message signal.
• The frequency of the carrier is significantly higher than that of the
message signal, making it capable of traveling long distances.
modulated signal
. is the result of the modulation process, where a baseband
(message) signal is combined with a carrier signal.
• This signal represents the information (e.g., audio, video, data)
while being adjusted to travel efficiently over long distances.
Amplitude Frequency Phase
Modulation Modulation Modulation

amplitude frequency of phase of the


varies in the carrier carrier signal is
proportion to signal varies in modulated by
the message line with the the message
signal input signal signal

COMMON TECHNIQUES OF
MODULATION
Amplitude Modulation
• In Amplitude Modulation (AM), the amplitude (height) of
the carrier wave is changed (modulated) based on the
amplitude of the message signal.
• When the message signal is loud, the amplitude of the
carrier wave increases.
• When the message signal is quiet, the amplitude of the
carrier wave decreases.
AMPLITUDE
MODULATION
Frequency Modulation
• In Frequency Modulation (FM), the frequency (the
number of wave cycles per second) of the carrier wave
is changed based on the message signal.
• When the message signal is louder, the carrier wave’s
frequency increases (more wave cycles).
• When the message signal is quieter, the carrier wave’s
frequency decreases (fewer wave cycles).
• The amplitude of the carrier wave stays the same; only
the frequency is altered.
FREQUENCY
MODULATION
Phase Modulation
• In Phase Modulation (PM), the phase of the carrier wave
is changed according to the message signal.
• The phase refers to the position of the wave in its cycle.
• When the message signal’s amplitude changes, the
phase of the carrier wave shifts forward or backward.
• Amplitude and frequency of the carrier wave remain
constant, but the phase angle is altered based on the
message signal.
PHASE
MODULATION
1.Amplitude-Shift Keying
DIGITAL (ASK)
MODULATION 2.Phase Shift Keying
(PSK)
TECHNIQUES
3.Frequency Shift Keying
(FSK)
The process of extracting the original
message signal from the modulated
carrier signal.

Example: FM
demodulation detects
frequency changes in DEMODULATION
the carrier to retrieve
the original data. PROCESS
NEEDS OF DEMODULATION

Recovery Interpretatio Error


n handling

Demodulation Demodulation
Demodulation allows for aids in
recovers proper identifying and
original data interpretation correcting
from modulated of transmitted transmission
signals. information. errors.
MODULATION VS DEMODULATION

Modulation is Demodulation is
connected from connected from
transmitting end. Receiving end.

The transmission The transmission


of frequency in of frequency in
modulation goes demodulation
low to high. goes high to low.
Applications
Radio TV Broadcast Bluetooth Fiber
Optics
Light
Modulatio Transimissi uplin Compressio Signal
n on k n Encoding
Signal
Demodulati Downlink Decompression Decoding
Reception
on
FASTER INTERNET
T ’ S
H A SPEEDS
W T !
E X
N
5G AND
FUTURE OF BEYOND

MODULATION IN Safer Data


NETWORKING Sharing

Smarter
Networks

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