Hardware & software

Understand the relationship between hardware and software and be able to define the terms:
• hardware
• software.

1. Define the terms hardware and software.

Hardware Software
Term given to the physical components of Name given to program code. Sequences
a computer system of instructions which are executed in
order to perform a task

2. Explain the relationship between hardware and software.

Hardware & software
Understand the need for, and attributes of, different types of software.

Software falls into three categories: Systems (OS), Utilities and Application software. Application software is any software
which allows a user to perform a task or produce something.

1. List as many categories of Application Software as you can think of and write a one sentence definition for each.

Word processors
Web browsers
Spreadsheet softwares
Hardware & software
Understand the need for, and attributes of, different types of software.

1. In pairs or small groups read the following scenarios and list sensible application software categories which would be
required. Make sure for each to justify your choice in the context of the scenario.

SCENARIO 1:
A large secondary school which includes a 6th form (12-18) specialising in media studies.

File Explorer – you can store files

Video Editing software – you can edit videos
Photo editing sofrware- you can edit photos
Hardware & software
Understand the need for, and attributes of, different types of software.

1. In pairs or small groups read the following scenarios and list sensible application software categories which would be
required. Make sure for each to justify your choice in the context of the scenario.

SCENARIO 2:
A doctors (GP) surgery.

Google drive – for backup

Microsoft excel – keep track of data
Hardware & software
Understand the need for, and attributes of, different types of software.

1. In pairs or small groups read the following scenarios and list sensible application software categories which would be
required. Make sure for each to justify your choice in the context of the scenario.

SCENARIO 3:
An personal accountancy company.

Calculator – for finance calculaitons

Powepoint - presentations
Hardware & software
Understand the need for, and attributes of, different types of software.

1. In pairs or small groups read the following scenarios and list sensible application software categories which would be
required. Make sure for each to justify your choice in the context of the scenario.

SCENARIO 4:
A games development publisher.
Hardware & software
Understand the need for, and attributes of, different types of software.

1. In pairs or small groups read the following scenarios and list sensible application software categories which would be
required. Make sure for each to justify your choice in the context of the scenario.

SCENARIO 5:
An online only food retailer.
Hardware & software
Understand the need for, and functions of the following system software:
• operating systems (OSs) • utility programs • libraries • translators (compiler, assembler, interpreter)
Know that the OS handles resource management, managing hardware to allocate processors, memories and I/O devices among competing processes

1. In groups, list all the tasks that you would expect a modern operating system like Windows, Android, Linux or
MacOS to perform. Look for the similarities rather than the differences. Can you categorise them under 7 main
headings?
Hardware & software
Understand the need for, and functions of the following system software:
• operating systems (OSs) • utility programs • libraries • translators (compiler, assembler, interpreter)
Know that the OS handles resource management, managing hardware to allocate processors, memories and I/O devices among competing processes

1. Software falls into three categories: Systems (OS), Utilities and Application software. Utilities are often small, one purpose
programs which are predominantly concerned with the upkeep and maintenance of a computer system.
Anti-virus Programs Over time files on hard drives can become split up and spread apart making retrieval
of files slower. This software helps to consolidate the parts of the files back together.

Disk Defragmenters Allows directories, folders and files and to created, moved, copied, deleted and
renamed.

Compression Utilities Helps to detect and remove malicious programs which have often been designed to
harm a computer in some way.

File Managers Reduces the amount of space information takes up on a storage device.

Provides a way to recover data in case the original copy gets lost, deleted or
Backup Utilities corrupted.
Hardware & software
Understand the need for, and functions of the following system software:
• operating systems (OSs) • utility programs • libraries • translators (compiler, assembler, interpreter)
Know that the OS handles resource management, managing hardware to allocate processors, memories and I/O devices among competing processes

1. What types of software utilities are these various screenshots representing?

Hardware & software
Understand the need for, and functions of the following system software:
• operating systems (OSs) • utility programs • libraries • translators (compiler, assembler, interpreter)
Know that the OS handles resource management, managing hardware to allocate processors, memories and I/O devices among competing processes

1. What types of software utilities are these various screenshots representing?

Hardware & software
Understand the need for, and functions of the following system software:
• operating systems (OSs) • utility programs • libraries • translators (compiler, assembler, interpreter)
Know that the OS handles resource management, managing hardware to allocate processors, memories and I/O devices among competing processes

1. What types of software utilities are these various screenshots representing?

Hardware & software
Understand the need for, and functions of the following system software:
• operating systems (OSs) • utility programs • libraries • translators (compiler, assembler, interpreter)
Know that the OS handles resource management, managing hardware to allocate processors, memories and I/O devices among competing processes

1. Explain the following diagrams

Instruction Table Memory Table

ADD 11001001 NUM1 100100101
SUB 01010010 NUM2 010101100
MULT 10010001 TOT 110010001
ADD NUM1 DIV 01101010
COMP 00011001

11001001 100100101
Hardware & software
Understand the need for, and functions of the following system software:
• operating systems (OSs) • utility programs • libraries • translators (compiler, assembler, interpreter)
Know that the OS handles resource management, managing hardware to allocate processors, memories and I/O devices among competing processes

1. Explain the following diagrams

Assembler Machine code

ADD NUM1 10100100010

ADD NUM1

ADD NUM1 00101010110

Hardware & software
Understand that a role of the operating system is to hide the complexities of the hardware.

1. Describe what this illustration shows.

2. Does the user ever interact with the operating system?
User

Applications

Operating
System

Hardware
Application generation
Translators: interpreters, compilers and assemblers

Concise definitions!

Write a definition for the following three terms.

• Each definition must be 15 words or less.
• Each definition must make at least 3 valid points.

Interpreter Definition here…

Compiler Definition here…

Assembler Definition here…

Hardware & software
Understand the need for, and functions of the following system software:
• operating systems (OSs) • utility programs • libraries • translators (compiler, assembler, interpreter)
Know that the OS handles resource management, managing hardware to allocate processors, memories and I/O devices among competing processes

1. Explain the following diagrams

101010001001001010111010010010111110010
010010101010001011011010101010110101101
010101010010101110100100101111100100100
101010100010110110101010101101011010101
If (num1 >= 12) Then
010100101011101001001011111001001001010
total := total +1;
101000101101101010101011010110101010101
001010111010010010111110010010010101010
001011011010101010110101101010101010010
101010001010101101010010100100101010111
Hardware & software
Understand the need for, and functions of the following system software:
• operating systems (OSs) • utility programs • libraries • translators (compiler, assembler, interpreter)
Know that the OS handles resource management, managing hardware to allocate processors, memories and I/O devices among competing processes

1. What types of software utilities are these various screenshots representing?

Hardware & software
Understand the need for, and functions of the following system software:
• operating systems (OSs) • utility programs • libraries • translators (compiler, assembler, interpreter)
Know that the OS handles resource management, managing hardware to allocate processors, memories and I/O devices among competing processes

1. What types of software utilities are these various screenshots representing?