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CSM Theory

The document outlines the essential processes involved in crime scene management, including evidence collection, preservation, and documentation. It emphasizes the importance of securing the crime scene and following standard operating procedures to maintain the integrity of evidence. Key techniques such as note-taking, sketching, photography, and various search methods are detailed to ensure accurate and admissible evidence for prosecution.

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Mr. Shikhar Mathur
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5 views

CSM Theory

The document outlines the essential processes involved in crime scene management, including evidence collection, preservation, and documentation. It emphasizes the importance of securing the crime scene and following standard operating procedures to maintain the integrity of evidence. Key techniques such as note-taking, sketching, photography, and various search methods are detailed to ensure accurate and admissible evidence for prosecution.

Uploaded by

Mr. Shikhar Mathur
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Crime Scene Investigation and

Crime Scene Management


(collection/preservation/handling
of evidences) SOC report for IO
and exhibits forwarding to FSL

by shikhar mathur
Basic Theory of
Crime Scene
Management
Crime scene management is a crucial process in the criminal justice system,
encompassing the secure handling of evidence, the preservation of the
scene, and the systematic documentation of findings. The goal is to gather
accurate and admissible evidence for prosecution while ensuring the
integrity of the investigation.
Scene of Crime

Crime Scene Securing

Crime Scene Survey

Contents Documentation and Recording

Search Methods

Evidence Collection, Packaging &


Forwarding
Chain of Custody
Golden Rule of Criminal Investigation?

The Golden Rule in Criminal Investigation. “ Do not


touch, alter, move, or transfer any object at the crime
scene unless it is properly marked, measured,
sketched and/or photographed .”
Scene of Crime
Scene of Occurrence

Crime Triangle

Culprit Physical Evidence Victim


Elements of a Crime Scene

corpus Modus Ingress and


Actus Reus
delicti operandi egress

Weapon of Physical
Res Gestae Statements
Murder Evidences
Indoor Crime Scene
Outdoor Crime Scene
Conveyance/Mobile Crime Scene
Primary Crime Secondary Crime
Scene VS Scene
Standard Operating Procedure
• First responder receives information about a crime
• Arrival at scene of crime (SOC)
• Securing SOC with available resources
• Attending victim/Providing medical aid
• Separating witnesses/statement recording
• Survey/search to explore evidences
• Recording of evidences
• Collection/packaging/forwarding of evidences
• Chain of Custody
“The success or failure of criminal investigations starts and ends at the
crime scene.”
Approach to Crime Scene
The 7 S's of Crime Scene Investigation
1. Secure the Scene
2. Separate the Witnesses
3. Scan the Scene
4. See the Scene
5. Sketch the Scene
6. Search for Evidence
7. Secure and Collect Evidence
Securing Crime Scene
• Put a barrier at the perimeter of the area
• All the entrances and exits must be protected for unauthorized access
• Enclose a larger area rather than a smaller one
• Expel all unauthorized men like relatives and onlookers, media
persons out of the perimeter
• To mark perimeter a yellow tape, vehicles, human chain, or even
police vehicles can be used as for barricading
• Keeping a security log of all entry and exit is must
Fundamentals of Crime Scene
Protection
• The fundamental mantra for first respondent is to preserve scene of
crime “As is, as it was”.
• It the responding officers who contaminate or destroys the crime
scene unknowingly.
• The first respondent must have knowledge and awareness of
preserving crime scene as much as possible.
• The ultimate aim of crime scene is to maintain the integrity of the
evidences at all cost.
• Perishable evidences must be documented & collected first.
Crime Scene Survey
• Once the Investigation Officer (I.O.) has arrived at the crime scene
and scene security has been evaluated, the preliminary scene survey,
or walk-through, is performed.

• Generally I.O. has to record preliminary information and if possible


with initial photographs along with the note taking so the vital
information to the case can be preserved.

• The survey is the first examination or orientation of the crime scene


by the Investigation Officer (I.O.).
Guideline for crime scene
survey
• Use the walk-through as a mental beginning for a reconstruction theory
that can and should be changed as the scene investigation progresses.
• Note any transient (temporary) or conditional (the result of an action)
evidence that might be present and requires immediate protection or
processing.
• Be aware of the weather conditions and take precautions if adverse
weather is anticipated.
• Note any points of entry or exit and paths of travel within the crime
scene that may require additional protection. Be aware of any
alterations or contamination of these areas by first responder personnel.
• Briefly record initial observations of the answers to who, what,
where, when, and how questions. This is not an appropriate time for a
detailed description of the scene.
• Access the scene for personnel, precautions, or equipment that will
be needed.
• Notify superior officers or other agencies as required.
Documentation and Recording
• Note taking
• Sketching
• Photography
• Videography
• 3D Crime Scene Scanning
CRIME SCENE DOCUMENTATION

NOTE TAKING:

A general guideline for note taking is to consider the “W’s” (who,


what, when, where, and why).

1.)Notification information—Note the date and time, method of


notification, and information received.

2.) Arrival information—Note the means of transportation, date and


time, personnel present at the scene, and any notifications to be made.
3.) Scene description—Note the weather, location type and condition,
major structures, identification of transient and conditional evidence,
containers holding evidence of recent activities (ashtrays, trash cans,
etc.), clothing, furniture, and any weapons present.

4.)Victim Description – Identity information (if available), Dead or


alive, Nature of injury, position of the body, condition of the body,
position of hands and palms etc.

5. Crime Scene Team information – construction of crime scene


team members including medical officer, photographer, sketcher,
police personals, forensic scientists, K9 squad, bomb disposal squad
etc.
Crime Scene Documentation
• Note Taking
- A general guideline for note taking is to consider the “W’s”
(who, what, when, where, and why).
1. Notification information—Note the date and time, method of
notification, and information received.
2. Arrival information—Note the means of transportation, date and
time, personnel present at the scene, and any notifications to be
made.
3. Scene description—Note the weather, location type and condition,
major structures, identification of transient and conditional
evidence, containers holding evidence of recent activities (ashtrays,
trash cans, etc.), clothing, furniture, and any weapons present.
Crime Scene Documentation

4. Victim Description – Identity information (if available), Dead or alive,


Nature of injury, position of the body, condition of the body, position of
hands and palms etc.

5. Crime Scene Team information – construction of crime scene team


members including medical officer, photographer, sketcher, police
personals, forensic scientists, K9 squad, bomb disposal squad etc.
Sketching
• Sketch – Visual Representation of the scene of crime.
• Rough –
completed at the crime scene using a pencil on a clean sheet of
paper with information regarding all the articles and measurements at
the crime scene

• Final –
Completed with the ink and graph paper is generally used. Each
article represents dimensions, measurements and distance with each
other.
Rough Sketch
Final Sketch
Photography
Long-range/Overall
Types of
Crime
Scene Mid-range/Relationship
Photogra
phs Close-up (Scale
measurement)
Videography
Videography
• Videography is usually not done at scene of crime but it’s advisable.
• The important clues missed on a photograph can be located in the
video.
• Large areas can be covered, linking one place to another.
• Videography should not have any sound and no crime scene personals
should be visible in It.
• A high-definition recording at least 60FPS is suggested and should not
be less than 48FPS.
3D Crime Scene Scanning
Crime Scene Search
• According to location and nature of the crime scene the relevant and
appropriate method of search is used to explore all the evidences and
crucial articles belonging to the crime scene.

• Among various factors affecting the scene, the environmental


conditions and nature of the ground searched for is very essential for
successful crime scene search.

• Crime Scene Search is a long and time consuming process in which


high observational and sensory skills are required.
Crime Scene Search
• Link Method
• Strip or Line Method
• Grid Method
• Zone or Quadrant Method
• Wheel or Ray Method
• Spiral Method
Strip or Line method
Grid method
Quadrant or zone method
Wheel or Ray method
Spiral method
Collection of Evidences
• Hand Picking
• Tape Lifting
• Swabbing
• Cutting
• Scrapping
• Vacuuming
• Electrostatic dust lifting
• Casting
Packaging of Evidences
• Paper Fold
• Wooden Box
• Antistatic Box
• Glass Containers/Vials
• Plastic containers/Vials
• Metal Containers
Chain of Custody
Thank You

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