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An Introduction To BioMetrics

The document provides an introduction to biometrics. It discusses what biometrics are, including physiological and behavioral identifiers. It then overview biometric systems, describing their basic components and how they work. The document also covers biometric system performance metrics, limitations of unimodal systems, and examples of specific biometric technologies like fingerprint recognition, face recognition, and voice identification. It concludes by discussing the future of biometrics in applications like business and security.

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Atheeb Ur Rahman
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385 views26 pages

An Introduction To BioMetrics

The document provides an introduction to biometrics. It discusses what biometrics are, including physiological and behavioral identifiers. It then overview biometric systems, describing their basic components and how they work. The document also covers biometric system performance metrics, limitations of unimodal systems, and examples of specific biometric technologies like fingerprint recognition, face recognition, and voice identification. It concludes by discussing the future of biometrics in applications like business and security.

Uploaded by

Atheeb Ur Rahman
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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An Introduction to Biometrics

Atheeb Ur Rahman 4MH08EC005

Contents
Introduction Biometric systems Overview of biometric systems Biometric system performance Limitations of unimodal biometric systems Multimodal biometric systems A technology example: voice identification Conclusions and future works References

Introduction
What is biometrics? Biometric identifiers physiological and behavioral identifiers Systems security, secure electronic banking, mobile phones, credit cards, secure access to buildings, health and social services "who she/he is versus "what she/he has or "what she/he knows"

Biometric systems

Biometric systems
Pattern-recognition system Feature vector database Physiological: reliable, Behavioral: easier Verification and identification

A simple biometric system

Performance metrices
Universality Distinctiveness Permanence Collectability Performance Acceptability Circumvention

Overview of biometric systems

Gait
Newer, very distinctive Low security applications Behavioral, doesnt stay constant Computationally expensive

Infrared thermogram
Radiated heat Infrared camera Noninvasive Background noise Price of IR sensors Covert applications

Keystroke recognition
Typing is characteristic Less distinctive Unobtrusive monitoring Behavioral

Hand geometry recognition


Dimensions of fingers and the location of joints, shape and size of palm. Easy to use and inexpensive, accurate Not distinctive, no large populations

Fingerprint recognition
Pattern of ridges and furrows located on the tip of each finger Compact sensors provide digital images Affordable Laptop computers

Face recognition
Very common Static and dynamic Spatial repationships Canonical faces

DNA
Most reliable Contamination and sensitivity Matching requires complex chemical methods involving expert's skills Privacy issues Forensic applications

Comparison of various biometric technologies

Biometric System Performance


Different positioning on the acquiring sensor Imperfect imaging conditions Deformations and changes Score S and threshold T Imposter distribution and genuine distribution FNMR and FMR Receiver Operating Characteristic ROC FTC and FTE

Biometric system error rates

Receiver operating characteristics

Limitations of unimodal biometric systems


Use only one physiological or behavioral trait for recognition Noise in sensed data Intra-class variations Distinctiveness Non-universality Spoof attacks

Multimodal Biometric Systems


Different types of biometrics are captured Integration of two or more types of biometric recognition Stringent performance requirements Multiple sensors Multiple biometrics Multiple units of the same biometric Multiple snapshots of the same biometric Multiple representations and matching algorithms for the same biometric

A technology example: voice identification


Speaking by characteristics of voices of people Speaker recognition and speech recognition Acoustic patterns reflect both anatomy and learned behavioral patterns Behavioral biometric

A voice recognition system

Conclusions and future works


Automatic recognition of a person based on her behavioral and/or physiological characteristics Business applications Cost and accuracy It is certain that biometric-based recognition will have a great influence on the way we conduct our daily business in near future

References
An Introduction to Biometric Recognition, IEEE Transactions On Circuits And Systems For Video Technology, January 2004, Anil K. Jain, Fellow, IEEE, Arun Ross, Member, IEEE, and Salil Prabhakar, Member, IEEE. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speaker_recogni tion, Speaker recognition http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biometrics, Biometrics

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