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2 Polynomials 2 types of Polynomials

The document provides an overview of polynomials, including definitions of algebraic expressions, types of polynomials based on the number of terms (monomial, binomial, trinomial) and degree (linear, quadratic, cubic). It explains the value of a polynomial and the concept of zeros of a polynomial. The content is intended for Class X mathematics education.

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Sachidhanandam M
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1 views

2 Polynomials 2 types of Polynomials

The document provides an overview of polynomials, including definitions of algebraic expressions, types of polynomials based on the number of terms (monomial, binomial, trinomial) and degree (linear, quadratic, cubic). It explains the value of a polynomial and the concept of zeros of a polynomial. The content is intended for Class X mathematics education.

Uploaded by

Sachidhanandam M
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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NAVODAYA VIDYALA

SAMITI
NOIDA, UP

E- CONTENT
MATHEMATICS
CLASS X
CHAPTER 2
POLYNOMIALS

Algebraic Expressions : - Mathematical statements


that contain variable(s), constant(s) and
operation symbols(addition,subtraction ,multiplication
and division
Eg; 2x + y, a2+ 2ab + b2, -5, 2/x, (2x + 3)
( x -1) etc.
Algebraic expressions can be
classified further as
1 ) Polynomials :- Algebraic expressions with the
exponents of the variable parts of each term as
a non-negative integer .

Eg. 2y-8, x2- 8xy + z, -15, √5 x-1 , 0 etc.

ounter examples:-
2/x, x2/3 + 2x -5, 5 √z -3 , 2y -2
y+3
Note:- Polynomials in x are denoted as p(x), q(x), etc
and that in the variable y as p(y), q(y) etc.

2. Rational expressions :- Expressions of the form


P(x),

Q(x)
where P(x) and Q(x) are polynomials
Eg. 2x + y, a2+ 2ab + b2, -5, 2/x, (2x + 3)
x–1
TYPES OF POLYNOMIALS
Polynomials can be classified based on
a) Number of terms
b) Degree of the polynomial.

Types of polynomials based on the


number of terms

a)Monomial – A polynomial with just


one term. Example – 2x, 6x2, 9xy
b) Binomial – A polynomial with
two terms. Example – 4x2+x,
5x+4

c) Trinomial – A polynomial with


three terms. Example – x2+3x+4
Degree of a polynomial :- The degree of a
polynomial
is the degree of the highest degree term with non-
zero
coefficient in the given polynomial.
eg. If p(x)= x3 + 2x – 10, then deg p(x) = 3,
Types of Polynomials based on Degree
.
Linear polynomial:- A linear polynomial is a polynomial
whose degree is 1.
.
For example, 2x+1 is a linear
Thepolynomial
general form ( standard form) of a linear polynomial
in the variable x is ax + b, a≠0
A first degree polynomial is known as a linear polynomial
as the graph of it will always be a straight line.
Quadratic polynomial:- A quadratic polynomial is a
polynomial whose degree is 2
3x2+8x+5 is a quadratic polynomial.

The standard form of a quadratic polynomial


in the variable x is ax2+ bx + c, a≠0.

Cubic polynomial :- A cubic polynomial is


a polynomial of degree 3.

2x3+5x2+9x+15 is a cubic polynomial.


The general form is ax3 + bx2 + cx + d, a≠0
Value of a polynomial:- Value of a polynomial is the
value obtained when the variable takes a particular
value.
The value of the polynomial p(x) at x=a
s denoted as p(a)
Eg:- Consider the polynomial p(x) = 2x2 -3x + 1.
When x= 1, we get p(1) = 2X1 – 3X1 + 1
= 2-3+1 = 0
When x=2, p(2)= 8-6 +1 = 3
When x = -3, p(-3) = 18+9 + 1= 28.
Thus every polynomial gives a unique value at a given
value of the variable.
Zero of a polynomial :-
Zero of a polynomial is the value of the variable
for which the value of the polynomial becomes 0.
In the example, p(x) = 3x -6 ,
p(2 ) = 3X2 -6.
ie, p(2) = 0.
Therefore, Zero of the polynomial 3x-6 is x= 2.

Generally the zero of the linear polynomial


ax + b is x = -b/a
PREPARED BY

JOAN A LUKE
JNV KOLLAM
KERALA HYDERABAD REGION

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