The document discusses the ossification of bones and its correlation with age, noting that females typically experience earlier union of epiphysis than males. It outlines specific ages for the ossification of various bones and sutures, indicating that certain bones ossify at different stages throughout life. Additionally, it highlights factors that may cause variations in ossification timing, such as diet, geography, and heredity.
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The document discusses the ossification of bones and its correlation with age, noting that females typically experience earlier union of epiphysis than males. It outlines specific ages for the ossification of various bones and sutures, indicating that certain bones ossify at different stages throughout life. Additionally, it highlights factors that may cause variations in ossification timing, such as diet, geography, and heredity.
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Ossification of Bones
Time of ossification gives a good indication of age
There may be variations due to dietetic, geographic,hereditary and other factors • Union of epiphysis in cartilagenous bones takes place earlier in the female by about two years than in males except in case of skull sutures where obliteration sets in a little later and proceeds more slowly in the female Ossification of Bones To determine age of a person areas which are routinely X rayed
Wrist and hand in children
Elbow , shoulder, pelvis and knee in adults 1. Skull, vertebrae and sternum in old people Ossification of Bones Anterior fontanelle closes 1¹/²-2 years • Number of carpal bones in hand between 2-6 is equal to age of child in years 2 carpal bones =2 years • Elbow joint ossifies at 14-16 years • Wrist joint ossifies at 16-18 years • Shoulder joint and knee joint ossifies at 18-20 years • Hip joint ossifies at 20 years • Hip bone ossifies at 22 years Ossification of Bones Middle four pieces of sternum fuse with one another from below upward at 14- 25 years of age Xiphoid process unites with body 40 years Manubrium unites with body at 60 years Absence of closure of any suture age below 30 years • Sagittal suture closes at 30-35years • Coronal suture closes at 35-40years • Lambdoid suture closes at 45-50 years • Parietomastoid and squamous suture at 55-60years • Sphenoparietal closes at 70 years Ossification of Bones Lipping of lumber vertebrae at 40 years of age • Disc undergo atrophic changes at 40-45 years • Greater cornu of hyoid bone unites with its body between 40-60 years