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lecture 3

Uploaded by

Aisha Shaikh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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POWER QUALITY

First Semester Course for


M M.E (Electrical Power)
U Batch-2017 (2 C.H)
E Prof Dr Abdul Sattar Larik
Professor
T Department Of Electrical Engineering

JAMSHORO

Department
of
Electrical
Engineering

1
M
U Harmonic Distortion Evaluations
E
T
JAMSHORO

Department
of
Electrical
Engineering
Harmonic Distortion Evaluations
 Harmonic currents produced by nonlinear loads can
interact adversely with the utility supply system. The

M interaction often gives rise to voltage and current


harmonic distortion observed in many places in the

U system

E  Therefore, to limit both voltage and current harmonic


distortion, IEEE Standard 519-1992 proposes to limit
T harmonic current injection from end users so that
harmonic voltage levels on the overall power system
JAMSHORO
will be acceptable if the power system does not
inordinately accentuate the harmonic currents.
Department
of
Electrical
Engineering

3
M
U
E
T
JAMSHORO

Department
of
Electrical
Engineering
M
U
E
T
JAMSHORO

Department
of
Electrical
Engineering
Harmonic Distortion Evaluations
This approach requires participation from both
end users and utilities.
M
Both, end users and utilities share responsibility
U for limiting harmonic current injections and
E voltage distortion at the PCC.

T
JAMSHORO

Department
of
Electrical
Engineering
Point of Common Coupling
(PCC)
 Evaluations of harmonic distortion are usually performed
M at a point between the end user or customer and the utility
system where another customer can be served. This point
U is known as the point of common coupling.

 The PCC can be located at either the primary side or the


E secondary side of the service transformer depending on
whether or not multiple customers are supplied from the
T transformer. In other words, if multiple customers are
served from the primary of the transformer, the PCC is
then located at the primary.
JAMSHORO

 On the other hand, if multiple customers are served from


Department the secondary of the transformer, the PCC is located at the
of
Electrical
secondary.
Engineering
Point of Common Coupling
(PCC)
PCC selection depends on where multiple customers are

M served.

U
E
T (a) PCC at the transformer (b) PCC at the transformer secondary
JAMSHORO
primary where multiple where multiple customers are served.
customers are served.
Department
of
Electrical
Engineering
Harmonic evaluations on the utility
system
 Harmonic evaluations on the utility system involve procedures to
determine the acceptability of the voltage distortion for all

M
customers.
 If the voltage distortion exceed the recommended limits, corrective
actions will be taken to reduce the distortion to a level within
U limits (IEEE Standard 519-1992 ).
 (IEEE Standard 519-2014 ).
E
T
JAMSHORO

Department
of
Electrical
Engineering
Harmonic evaluations on utility system
There are two important components for limiting
voltage distortion levels on the overall utility
M system:
 1. Harmonic currents injected from individual
U end users on the system must be limited. These
currents propagate toward the supply source through
E the system impedance, creating voltage distortion. T0
T limiting the amount of injected harmonic currents,
the voltage distortion can be limited as well. This is
JAMSHORO
basic method of controlling the overall distortion
Department
levels proposed by IEEE Standard 5191992.
of 
Electrical
2.
Engineering
2-The overall voltage distortion levels can
be excessively high even if the harmonic
current injections are within limits.
M
This condition occurs primarily when one of
U the harmonic current frequencies is close to a
E system resonance frequency. This can result
in unacceptable voltage distortion levels at
T some system locations. The highest voltage
JAMSHORO
distortion will generally occur at a capacitor
Department
bank that participates in the resonance.
of
Electrical
Engineering

11
Harmonic evaluations on the utility
system
Voltage limit evaluation procedure.
This procedure is applicable to

M both existing and planned


installations.
Characterization of
U harmonic sources
 System modeling.
E  System
response.
frequency

T  Evaluate expected
distortion levels.
JAMSHORO
 Evaluate harmonic
control scheme.
Department
of
Electrical
Engineering
1. Characterization of harmonic sources
Characteristics of harmonic sources on the system are best
determined with measurements for existing installations.
These measurements should be performed at facilities
suspected of having offending nonlinear loads. The duration
M of measurements is usually at least 1 week so that all the
cyclical load variations can be captured. For new or planned
installations, harmonic characteristics provided by
U manufacturers may suffice.
2. System modeling
E The system response to the harmonic currents injected at
end-user locations or by nonlinear devices on the power

T system is determined by developing a computer model of the


system.
3. System frequency response.
JAMSHORO
Possible system resonances should be determined by a
frequency scan of the entire power delivery system.
Department Frequency scans are performed for all capacitor bank
of
Electrical
configurations of interest since capacitor configuration is the
Engineering main variable that will affect the resonant frequencies.

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