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Week 3 - Sociological and Anthropoloical Perspective of Self

The document outlines a lesson on the self, society, and culture, emphasizing the various representations and influences on self-identity from sociological and anthropological perspectives. It discusses the impact of social norms, values, and institutions on individual identity, as well as the stages of self-development proposed by George Herbert Mead. Additionally, it highlights how culture shapes personal relationships, personality traits, achievements, and emotional expression.

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louise valenton
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17 views37 pages

Week 3 - Sociological and Anthropoloical Perspective of Self

The document outlines a lesson on the self, society, and culture, emphasizing the various representations and influences on self-identity from sociological and anthropological perspectives. It discusses the impact of social norms, values, and institutions on individual identity, as well as the stages of self-development proposed by George Herbert Mead. Additionally, it highlights how culture shapes personal relationships, personality traits, achievements, and emotional expression.

Uploaded by

louise valenton
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Lesson 2

The Self, Society, and


Culture
At the end of course, students will be able to;
▪ 1. discuss the different representations and conceptualization of
the self from various disciplinal perspectives;
▪ 2. Compare and Contrast how the self has been represented
across different disciplines and perspectives;
▪ 3. Examine the different influences, factors, and forces that shape
the self; and
▪ 4. Demonstrate Critical and Reflective thought in analyzing the
development of one self and identity y developing a theory of the
self.
“THE SELF AS A PRODUCT OF MODERN
SOCIETY AMONG OTHER
CONSTRUCTIONS”
SOCIOLOGIST are concerned with questions about the
person in the community.
“How does society influence you?”
“How do you affect society?”
“Who are you as a person in the society?”
SOCIOLOGY posits that socially formed norms, beliefs,
and values come to exist within the person to a degree
where these become natural and normal (Elwell, 2003),
thus developing the persons self-identity.
Norms
Rules on what to do or what not to do in a
certain situation.

Values
Ideal behaviors or principles that set the
standard of what is acceptable and
admirable from a person who is a part of a
society.
For example:

You must kiss the hand of


your elders (mano) to show
respect. The norm is the
“pagmamano” and the
value is respect or
pagkamagalang.”
For example:

When you see someone


who has an accident, the
norm prohibits you from
laughing but prescribes you
to help. The values that are
promoted there are being
considerate and helpful.
Pre-Modern society was centered on survival. People
behaved according to social rules and traditions while the
family and the immediate environment provided supervision on
how to get through life.

Modernization, improved people’s living condition. A person


in the modern society is free to choose where to live, what line
of work to do and who to be with.
Key Characteristics of Modernity:
ACCORDING OT GIDDENS (1991)

1. Industrialism- the social relations implied in the extensive


use of material power and machinery in all process of
production;
2. Capitalism- a production system involving both
competitive product markets and the commodification's
(putting a price tag) of labor power.
3. Institutions of surveillance- massive increase of power
and reach by institutions especially in government
4. Dynamism- the most evident characteristics of modern
society. Dynamics is characterized as having vigorous
activity and progress.
Theoretical
Approaches
Enable us to combine and use concepts in a meaningful way to look
and understand a part of reality -
SOCIAL GROUPS AND SOCIAL
NETWORK
George Simmel

Social Group is described having two or more people


interacting with one another, sharing similar
characteristics, and whose members identify themselves
as part of the group.
Examples are: Family, Barkada, Classmates.
A SOCIAL GROUP IS EITHER:
Organic group-
naturally occurring and it is highly influenced by your family. This is usually
formed in tradional societies because there is little diversity on these
communities.
Positive effect: It gives a person sense of belongingness.
Negative effect: Implies less freedom and greater social conformity.

Rational group- it is formed as a matter of shared self-interest and


people join these groups out of their own free will.
MEAD AND SOCIAL
SELF

“A multiple personality is in a
certain sense normal”
-George Herbert
Mead
GEORGE HERBERT MEAD
❖ He is known for his theory of the “Social
Self”
❖ Focused on “How the self is developed”
❖ His theory is based on the perspective that
the self is a product of social interaction and
internalizing the external.
❖ According to him, “Self is not present at
birth; rather it develop over time through
social experiences and activities”.
Developing the Self
Mead developed a concept that
proposed different stages of
self- development. These are
language, play and game.
SELF-DEVELOPMENT IN
LANGUAGE
According to Mead, self-development
and language are intimately tied. Through
shared understanding of symbols, gestures,
and sound, language gives the individual the
capacity to express himself or herself while
at the same time comprehending what the
other people are conveying. Language sets
the stage for self-development.
SELF-DEVELOPMENT IN PLAY
According to Mead, self-development is
PLAY. At this level, individuals role-play or
assume the perspective of others. Role-
playing enables the person to internalize
some other people’s perspectives; hence, he
or she develops an understanding of how the
other people feel about themselves (and
about others, too) in a variety of situations.
SELF-DEVELOPMENT IN GAME
According to Mead, the game stage is
the level where the individual not only
internalizes the other people’s perspectives,
he or she is also able to take into account
societal rules and adheres to it. The self is
developed by understanding the rule, and
one must abide it to win the game or be
successful at an activity.
Two sides of self: “I” and
“ME”
“ME”- self is the product of what the person
learns while interaction with the others.
Learned behaviors, attitudes, and even
expectations comprise the “me”.

“I”- part of self that is unsocialized and


spontaneous. It is the individual’s response to
the community’s attitude toward the person. It
constructs a response based on what has been
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
social institutions are organized to address the
needs of society and they, too, have a
profound effect on our concept of “self”
Kinship/Family
This is the most basic social
insitution of a society that
organizes us based on our
familial ties.

Your family is where you first


learn to relate to the outside
world.
Economics/
Market
This system aims to regulate the flow of resources.

Example:
The commitee in charge of food during a school activity. Their
function is to ensure that every participant gets to eat. However,
they must also calculate and announce the necessary budget in
order for it to be included in the registration fee or target funds
to be requested from the school or donors
Politics/
Government
This is usually composed
of various organizations
ensuring peace and
order by legitimizing the
use of power of certain
people or groups.
Education/School
The basic function of
schools is to ensure that
the knowledge of the
past and the culture of
the society gets
transmitted from one
generation to another.
Religion/Church
This is an organized set of practices, symbols,
and artifacts regarding the belief of the
supernatural.
ANTHROPOLOGY
Indeed much of the self is
learned by making new
memories out of old ones.”

-Joseph E. Ledoux
The Self and the Person in
Contemporary Anthropology
Anthropology- is the study of
people, past and present. It focuses on
understanding the human condition in
its cultural aspects. It is concerned with
understanding how humans evolved and
how they differ from one another.
JOSEPH LEDOUX
He conceptualized the implicit and
explicit aspects of the self.
EXPLICIT – The aspect of the self that
you are consciously aware of.
IMPLICIT – The one that is not
immediately available to the
consciousness.
THE SELF EMBEDDED IN
CULTURE
Cultural anthropologists have argued that the
self is culturally shaped and infinitely variable.
"Cultural traditions and social practices regulate,
express, and transform the human psyche,
resulting less in psychic unity for humankind than
in ethnic divergences in mind, self, and emotion.
CATHERINE RAEFF (2010)
She believed that culture can
influence how you view:
relationship, personality traits,
achievement, and expressing
emotions.
RELATIONSHIPS
Culture influences
how you enter
into and maintain
relationships.
PERSONALITY TRAITS
Culture influences
whether (and how)
you value traits like
humility, self esteem,
politeness,
assertiveness.
ACHIEVEMENT
Culture influences
how you define and
whether you value
certain types of
individual and
group
achievements.
EXPRESSING EMOTIONS
Culture influences what
will affect you
emotionally, as well as
how you express yourself,
such as showing your
feelings in public or
keeping it private.
THANK
YOU!

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