INSTITUTE UIE

DEPARTMENT ACADEMIC UNIT-1

Bachelor of Engineering (Computer Science & Engineering)
Subject Name: Basic Electrical & Electronics Engineering
Subject Code: 20ELT-111
Prepared By
SUNDEEP SINGH SAINI
Unit-1 Chapter-1
Series & Parallel Combination of resistance
Voltage Division & Current Division Rule
Lecture No. 3
DISCOVER . LEARN . EMPOWER
 Lecture
Objectives
S. No. Objectives

1 To make student aware about voltage current relation for resistance

2 To aware about voltage current relation for inductance

3 To provide knowledge about voltage current relation for capacitance

4 To make familiar with series and parallel connection of resistance

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5 To give brief knowledge about voltage division and current division rule cuit-and-an-electric-circuit
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 Course
Objectives
S. No. Objectives

1 To meet students with basic knowledge of dc circuits, electromagnetism and ac fundamentals.

To aware about introduction to single and three phase ac circuit with their construction and
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working principles.

To provide knowledge about electrical safety measures and wiring system to protect from short
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circuits.

4 To make familiar with various rotating electrical machines with their applications.
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re-the-differences-between-a-cir
5 To give brief knowledge about transducers and operational amplifiers. cuit-and-an-electric-circuit
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 Course
Outcomes
CO
Numbe Title Level
r

Students will be able to establish the equations that characterize the

CO1 performance of an electric circuit as well as solving both single phase and Remember
three-phase AC circuits in sinusoidal steady state.

Students will be made aware about the electrical safety and

CO2 Understand
implementation of electric wiring.

Introducing students to the areas of basic concepts of rotating electrical

CO3 Understand
machines with their applications, transducers and batteries.

CO4
Students will be able to comprehend interfacing of analog to digital and
Understand https://in.pinterest.com/pin/2406611738233
digital to analog converter with the help of operational amplifier. 16229/

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Importance of Basic Electrical &
Electronics Engineering
• Use from home appliances to industrial plants.
• Usage in communication and satellite navigation system.
• Handles in electronics equipment and computers.
• Deals with the problem of power transmission and motor control.
• Control and monitor the medical appliances in hospitals.
• High voltage applications with heavy current.
• Robotics applications.
• Product designing and development.

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 Content
 Voltage current relation for resistance.
 Voltage current relation for inductance.
 Voltage current relation for capacitance.
 Series connection of resistance.
 Parallel connection of resistance.
 Voltage division rule.
 Current division rule.

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 Voltage current relation for
resistance
• For resistance we know in a circuit when we have voltage source and
current flowing in the circuit then
• From ohm’s law:
V= IR
Similarly we will get current as:
I = V/R

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 Voltage current relation for
inductance
• The inductor is a coil which stores energy in the magnetic field
Consider a wire of length l forming a loop of area A as shown on
Figure.
• A current i(t) is flowing through the wire as indicated. This current
generates a magnetic field B which is equal to
B = µ i(t)
Where µ is the magnetic permeability of the material enclosed by the
wire

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 Voltage current relation for
inductance
• The magnetic flux, Φ, through the loop of area A is
Φ = B.A
Where we have defined L= Aµ/l
By using maxwell equation we will solve it and get
V = Ldi/dt
After doing integration we will get current

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 Voltage current relation for
capacitance
• In both digital and analog electronic circuits a capacitor is a
fundamental element.
• It enables the filtering of signals and it provides a fundamental
memory element.
• The capacitor is an element that stores energy in an electric field.

Fig.1 capactiance
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 Voltage current relation for
capacitance
• When a voltage v is applied across the plates, a charge +q
accumulates on one plate and a charge –q on the other.
• If the plates have an area A and are separated by a distance d, the
electric field generated across the plates is
E =q/ €A
€ is permittivity of material.
and the voltage across the capacitor plates is
V =Ed
V= qd / €A
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 Voltage current relation for
capacitance
• So current is in a capacitor will be
I =dq/dt
I =C dv/dt
Hence these are the voltage current relation for resistance, inductance
and capacitance.

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 Series connection of resistance
• A series circuit is a circuit in which resistors are arranged in a chain, so
the current has only one path to take.
• The current is the same through each resistor.
• The total resistance of the circuit is found by simply adding up the
resistance values of the individual resistors:
• So equivalent resistance of resistors in series : R = R1 + R2 + R3 + ...

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 Series connection of resistance
• Hence if there are three resistance are connected in series with
voltage V then we will get equivalent resistance as shown in figure
below:

Fig.2 Series connection of resistance

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Parallel connection of resistance
• A parallel circuit is a circuit in which the resistors are arranged with
their heads connected together, and their tails connected together.
• The current in a parallel circuit breaks up, with some flowing along
each parallel branch and re-combining when the branches meet
again.
• The voltage across each resistor in parallel is the same.

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 Parallel connection of resistance
• The total resistance of a set of
resistors in parallel is found by
adding up the reciprocals of the
resistance values, and then taking
the reciprocal of the total:
• So equivalent resistance of resistors
in parallel:
1 / R = 1 / R 1 + 1 / R2 + 1 / R3
Fig.3 Parallel connection of resistance

electrical4u.com/electrical-dc-series-and-parallel-circuit/

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 Voltage Division Rule
• The voltage division rule can be
understood by considering a series
circuit shown below.
• In a series circuit, voltage is divided,
whereas the current remains the same.
• There are two resistance such as r1 and
r2 connected across dc supply voltage.
Fig.4 Voltage division rule

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e-division-rule.html

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 Voltage Division Rule
• Let us consider a voltage source E with the resistance r1 and
r2 connected in series across it.
As we know,
i = V/R or we can say I = E/R
• Therefore, the current (i) in the loop ABCD will be:

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 Voltage Division Rule
• By putting the value of I from equation (8) in equation (9) the voltage
across the resistance r1 and r2 respectively are given by the equation
shown below as:

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 Current Division Rule
• A parallel circuit acts as a current
divider as the current divides in all
the branches in a parallel circuit, and
the voltage remains the same across
them.
• There are two resistance R1 and R2
are connected in parallel.

Fig.5 Current division rule

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e-division-rule.html

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 Current Division Rule
• The current I has been divided into I1 and I2 into two parallel branches
with the resistance R1 and R2 and V is the voltage drop across the
resistance R1 and R2.
• Then the equation of the current is written as:

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 Current Division Rule
Let the total resistance of the circuit be R and is given
by the equation shown below:

Now, putting the value of R from the equation (2) in

the equation (3) we will get

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 Summary
Build up relation of voltage and current for resistance.
Build up relation of voltage and current for inductance.
Build up relation of voltage and current for capacitance.
Series connection of resistance.
Parallel connection of resistance.
Voltage division rule.
Current division rule

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 Frequently Asked Questions
What is the difference between voltage division and current division
rule?
What is meant by series combination of resistance?
What is meant by parallel combination of resistance?
Give the relationship of voltage and current fro resistance.
Build up the relationship of voltage and current for capacitance.

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 Practice Questions
• If we have three resistance of 10ohm, 5 ohm and 20ohm so what will
be the equivalent resistance if they are connected in parallel?
• In a series circuit if two resistances of 20ohm and 50ohm are
connected across 50V dc supply so what will be the voltage across
each resistance?
• A current source of 10A is applied in a circuit which carries two
resistances of 40ohm and 80ohm so how can we measure current in
both the resistance?

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 To make students understand
• Concepts of voltage current
LEARNING relation for resistance,
OUTCOMES inductance and capacitance.

• Fundamentals of series and

parallel combination of
resistance.

• Concepts of voltage division

and current division rule.

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Course Outcome to Program
Outcome Relationship
(20ELT-111) BEEE
PO→
CO↓ PO PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12
1
CO1 3 3 2 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
CO2 3 0 2 0 1 3 1 0 0 0 0 0
CO3 3 1 1 0 1 2 0 0 0 0 1 0
CO4 3 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

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 Assessment Pattern

A B C D E F G
Assignment Time Bound Quiz (each Mid Semester Homework Discussion Attendance
(each Surprise Test quiz) Test(one per Forums and
assignment) (each test) test) engagement
Score on BB

10 12 4 20 NA NA 2

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 References
Textbooks of Basic Electrical & Electronics Engineering:
Fundamentals of Electrical Circuits by Charles k.
Electrical Technology by Surinder Pal Bali, Pearson Publications.
Websites:
https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/electrical-engineering-and-computer-science/6-0
71j-introduction-to-electronics-signals-and-measurement-spring-2006/lecture
-notes/capactr_inductr.pdf
https://www.electronics-tutorials.ws/resistor/res_5.html
http://physics.bu.edu/py106/notes/Circuits.html
https://circuitglobe.com/current-division-and-voltage-division-rule.html

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THANK YOU