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Lec 10 Differential Amplifier

A differential amplifier outputs a voltage based on the difference between two input voltages and operates in differential and common mode. It has two inputs and outputs, allowing for single-ended and double-ended input configurations, while effectively rejecting common-mode signals through a parameter known as the common-mode rejection ratio (CMRR). The document also includes a basic analysis of its operation and examples for calculation.

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11 views14 pages

Lec 10 Differential Amplifier

A differential amplifier outputs a voltage based on the difference between two input voltages and operates in differential and common mode. It has two inputs and outputs, allowing for single-ended and double-ended input configurations, while effectively rejecting common-mode signals through a parameter known as the common-mode rejection ratio (CMRR). The document also includes a basic analysis of its operation and examples for calculation.

Uploaded by

percival2174
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Differential Amplifier

• A differential amplifier - is an amplifier that produces


outputs that are a function of the difference between
two input voltages.
• The differential amplifier has two basic modes of
operation:
• differential (in which the two inputs are different) and
• common mode (in which the two inputs are the
same).
Basic Operation
• Basic differential
amplifier (diff-
amp) circuit is
shown in Figure.
• Notice that the
differential
amplifier has two
inputs and two
outputs.
• dc analysis of the diff-amp’s operation
• when both inputs are grounded (0 V), the emitters are
at -0.7V.
• IE1 = IE2
• Since both emitter currents combine through RE
• Where

• Based on the approximation that IC ≈ IE


• Since both collector currents and both collector
resistors are equal (when the input voltage is zero)
Modes of Signal Operation
• Single-Ended Differential
Input When a diff-amp is
operated with this input
configuration, one input is
grounded and the signal
voltage is applied only to
the other input
• Double-Ended Differential
Inputs In this input
configuration, two opposite-
polarity (out-of-phase) signals
are applied to the inputs,
• Common-Mode Inputs
One of the most
important aspects of
the operation of a
diffamp can be seen by
considering the
common-mode
condition where two
signal voltages of the
same phase,
• Common-Mode Rejection Ratio
• Desired signals appear on only one input or with opposite polarities on both
input lines. These desired signals are amplified and appear on the outputs.
• Unwanted signals (noise) appearing with the same polarity on both input lines
are essentially cancelled by the diff-amp and do not appear on the outputs.
• Since noise (any unwanted signals) is generally common to both inputs, the
differential connection tends to provide attenuation of this unwanted input
while providing an amplified output of the difference signal applied to the
inputs.
• The measure of an amplifier’s ability to reject common-mode signals is a
parameter called the CMRR (common-mode rejection ratio).
Example
Example
Seatwork,
Solve for IRE , IE1, IC1, VC1

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