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1-21-14 - Lecture 5 - Chapter3 (1)

Chapter 3 discusses the Law of Conservation of Mass, emphasizing that mass remains constant in chemical reactions, which must be balanced with equal numbers of atoms on both sides. It explains how to write and interpret chemical equations, including the need for reactants, products, states, and stoichiometric coefficients. The chapter also provides guidelines for balancing equations, highlighting the importance of practice and maintaining the integrity of chemical formulas.

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2 views

1-21-14 - Lecture 5 - Chapter3 (1)

Chapter 3 discusses the Law of Conservation of Mass, emphasizing that mass remains constant in chemical reactions, which must be balanced with equal numbers of atoms on both sides. It explains how to write and interpret chemical equations, including the need for reactants, products, states, and stoichiometric coefficients. The chapter also provides guidelines for balancing equations, highlighting the importance of practice and maintaining the integrity of chemical formulas.

Uploaded by

profiledmale
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Chapter 3:

The Periodic Table and


Chemical Periodicity
Law of Conservation of
Mass
Because the same atoms are present in a reaction
at the beginning and at the end, the amount of
mass in a system does not change.
 chemical equations must be balanced
 they must have the same number
of atoms of the same kind of atom
on both sides
 stoichiometric
(balancing)coefficients

2 H2 (g) + O2 (g) → 2 H2O (g)


The Chemical Equation
Meaning of Chemical Equations

4 Al (s) + 3 O2 (g) → 2 Al2O3 (s)

This equation means:


4 Al atoms + 3 O2 molecules give
2 units of Al2O3

BUT it also means:


4 moles of Al + 3 moles of O2 give
2 moles of Al2O3
Chemical
Equations
To write a chemical reaction, you need to know:
1. All the reactants and their formulas
2. All the products and their formulas
3. The states of the reactants and products
(g) for gas, (l) for liquid, (s) for solid,
(aq) for aqueous (water) solution
4. Is there a catalyst involved? Or is a high
temperature required?
5. Stoichiometric coefficients identifying the
relative amounts of each compound
Balancing Equations
There is no one correct way to balance equations.
Everyone has their own way. Practice until you can do it.
1) balance first the element that occurs in the
fewest formulas
2) balance last the element that is found in the
greatest number of formulas
3) verify that the coefficients are the smallest
whole numbers
4) specify states of each reactant and product

*NEVER change the formula of a reactant or product in


order to balance the equation*

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