“Analysis of Polymer Laminated

Composites”
Composites

By
Dr. Vela Murali, Ph.D.
Head& Professor i/c, Engineering Design Div.,
Mechanical Engineering Department,
College of Engineering, Guindy,
Anna University, Chennai – 600 025
“Composite Materials and Mechanics “ by Dr. Vela
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Murali, Dept. of Mechanical Engg., CEGC, Anna
University, Ch - 25
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 For Various concepts, you can
refer from the Text Book
titled “ENGINEERING MECHANICS”
By Dr. Vela Murali,
Under Renowned International Publisher – Oxford
University Press released in the month of January 2010
For copies Contact: Mr. Viswanathan,
Mobile: 9952969627
“Composite Materials and Mechanics “ by Dr. Vela
Murali, Dept. of Mechanical Engg., CEGC, Anna 5
University, Ch - 25
 Laminate Preparation

“Composite Materials and Mechanics “ by Dr. Vela

Murali, Dept. of Mechanical Engg., CEGC, Anna
University, Ch - 25
Photocopy of Hybrid Laminate

“Composite Materials and Mechanics “ by Dr. Vela

Murali, Dept. of Mechanical Engg., CEGC, Anna
University, Ch - 25
Compression Molding Machine
settings

“Composite Materials and Mechanics “ by Dr. Vela

Murali, Dept. of Mechanical Engg., CEGC, Anna
University, Ch - 25
Buckling mode shape of Specimen 5 with
two ends simply supported condition

“Composite Materials and Mechanics “ by Dr. Vela

Murali, Dept. of Mechanical Engg., CEGC, Anna
University, Ch - 25
 SAMPLE SPECIMEN

“Composite Materials and Mechanics “ by Dr. Vela

Murali, Dept. of Mechanical Engg., CEGC, Anna
University, Ch - 25
SAMPLE SPECIMEN (CONTD..)

“Composite Materials and Mechanics “ by Dr. Vela

Murali, Dept. of Mechanical Engg., CEGC, Anna
University, Ch - 25
 EXPERIMENTAL SETUP - UTM

“Composite Materials and Mechanics “ by Dr. Vela

12 Murali, Dept. of Mechanical Engg., CEGC, Anna
University, Ch - 25
 Various types of stitching is used to
stitching the lamina
(a) plane stitch (b) lock
stitch

“Composite Materials and Mechanics “ by Dr. Vela

13 Murali, Dept. of Mechanical Engg., CEGC, Anna
University, Ch - 25
 “Composite Materials and Mechanics “ by Dr. Vela
14 Murali, Dept. of Mechanical Engg., CEGC, Anna
University, Ch - 25
 WOVEN PATTERNS

“Composite Materials and Mechanics “ by Dr. Vela

Murali, Dept. of Mechanical Engg., CEGC, Anna
University, Ch - 25
 WOVEN PATTERNS

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 Experimental setup of DMA

Liquid Nitrogen set-up

DMA Equipment

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 DMA machine specification

Frequency range : 0.0001Hz to

200Hz
Temperature range : -150°C to 500°C
High force : 50 Newtons (peak)
Specimen size : 40x12.5x3.5 mm
Dynamic displacement : 6mm peak to
peak
Tan delta resolution : 0.00001

“Composite Materials and Mechanics “ by Dr. Vela

18 Murali, Dept. of Mechanical Engg., CEGC, Anna
University, Ch - 25
 Courses offered from the
department related to Composites
at PG level a compulsory elective
• Composite Materials and Mechanics handled by
Dr. Vela Murali, Common to M.E Engineering
Design -R 2009
ED 9154 COMPOSITE MATERIALS AND MECHANICS L T P C 3 003
OBJECTIVE
• To understand the fundamentals of composite material strength and its mechanical behavior
• Understanding the analysis of fiber reinforced Laminate design for different Combinations of plies with different
orientations of the fiber.
• Thermo-mechanical behavior and study of residual stresses in Laminates during processing.
• Implementation of Classical Laminate Theory (CLT) to study and analysis for residual stresses in an isotropic layered
structure such as electronic chips.

UNIT I LAMINA CONSTITUTIVE RELATIONS 12

Definition –Need – General Characteristics, Applications. Fibers – Glass, Carbon, Ceramic and Aramid fibers. Matrices –
Polymer, Graphite, Ceramic and Metal Matrices – Characteristics of fibers and matrices. Lamina Constitutive Equations:
Lamina Assumptions – Macroscopic Viewpoint. Generalized Hooke’s Law. Reduction to Homogeneous Orthotropic Lamina –
Isotropic limit case, Orthotropic Stiffness matrix (Q ij), Typical Commercial material properties, Rule of Mixtures. Generally
Orthotropic Lamina –Transformation Matrix, Transformed Stiffness. Manufacturing: Bag Moulding – Compression
Moulding – Pultrusion – Filament Winding – Other Manufacturing Processes.
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 Syllabus Contd..

UNIT II FLAT PLATE LAMINATE CONSTITUTIVE RELATIONS 10

Definition of stress and Moment Resultants. Strain Displacement relations. Basic Assumptions of Laminated anisotropic
plates. Laminate Constitutive Equations – Coupling Interactions, Balanced Laminates, Symmetric Laminates, Angle Ply
Laminates, Cross Ply Laminates. Laminate Structural Moduli. Evaluation of Lamina Properties from Laminate Tests. Quasi-
Isotropic Laminates. Determination of Lamina stresses within Laminates.

UNIT III LAMINA STRENGTH ANALYSIS 5

Introduction - Maximum Stress and Strain Criteria. Von-Misses Yield criterion for Isotropic Materials. Generalized Hill’s
Criterion for Anisotropic materials. Tsai-Hill’s Failure Criterion for Composites. Tensor Polynomial (Tsai-Wu) Failure
criterion. Prediction of laminate Failure

UNIT IV ANALYSIS OF LAMINATED FLAT PLATES 10

Equilibrium Equations of Motion. Energy Formulations. Static Bending Analysis. Buckling Analysis. Free Vibrations –
Natural Frequencies

“Composite Materials and Mechanics “ by Dr. Vela

20 Murali, Dept. of Mechanical Engg., CEGC, Anna
University, Ch - 25
 Syllabus Contd..
5. Effect of Thermal Properties 8

Modification of Hooke’s Law due to thermal properties - Modification of Laminate Constitutive Equations. Orthotropic Lamina
special Laminate Configurations – Unidirectional, Off-axis, Symmetric Balanced Laminates - Zero C.T.E laminates, Thermally Quasi
Isotropic Laminates
Total 45
Text Book:
1. Gibson, R.F., Principles of Composite Material Mechanics, McGraw-Hill, 1994, Second Edition - CRC press in progress.
2. Hyer, M.W., “Stress Analysis of Fiber – Reinforced Composite Materials”, McGraw-Hill, 1998

References:

1. Issac M. Daniel and Ori Ishai, “Engineering Mechanics of Composite Materials”, Oxford University Press-2006, First Indian Edition - 2007
2. Mallick, P.K., Fiber –”Reinforced Composites: Materials, Manufacturing and Design”, Maneel Dekker Inc, 1993.
3. Halpin, J.C., “Primer on Composite Materials, Analysis”, Techomic Publishing Co., 1984.
4. Agarwal, B.D., and Broutman L.J., “Analysis and Performance of Fiber Composites”, John Wiley and Sons, New York, 1990.
5. Mallick, P.K. and Newman, S., (edition), “Composite Materials Technology: Processes and Properties”, Hansen Publisher, Munish, 1990.
6. Madhujit Mukhopadhyay, “Mechanics of Composite Materials and Structures”, University Press (India) Pvt. Ltd., Hyderabad, 2004
(Reprinted 2008)

“Composite Materials and Mechanics “ by Dr. Vela

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