Lecture 01

Module 01
6 5 43 7
7
9 –53
RATIONAL
–8 6 3
5
NUMBERS
4 63
9765 3
3
5 7–
 Numbe
Maths is the study of ?
rs

MATH
S? Formul
ae

Geometric
Shapes
 Natural Number
Counting Numbers: : 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 …..
Natural Numbers This number came
to you naturally

Start
Counting
1, 2, 3,
Numbers 4…
 Whole Number
Natural Numbers : 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 ….. The collection of
Whole Numbers : 01 ,, 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 ….. number which includes
all the natural number
and zero
An ancient Indian astronomer
named ARYABHATT discovered
zero

Natural Numbers
start from 1

ZERO
  Integers Number
Natural Numbers : 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 …..
Whole Numbers : 01 ,, 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 …..
Integers : … - 3 , - 2 , - 101, ,, 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 …..

3 It is a Natural Number 
+4 It is a Whole Number 
 Write7 the biggest whole number. Whole numbers start
from 0 and goes “to
It is not possible to determine biggest whole number.
infinity” No
limit
2 It is a Natural Number
-3 It is a Whole Number 
-1
COMMUTATI Two rational numbers can be added in any order
VITY

Operation Numbers Remarks

What do An
Addition Addition is commutative
you d
0 +
observe ? 7 = 7; 7 +0 =7

i.e. 0 + 7 = 7 + 0
Lets take
For
anany two whole
numbers
example
a and b,

a +b =b +a
 COMMUTATI
VITY

Operation Numbers Remarks

What do
Subtraction An Subtraction is not
you d commutative
7 –
observe ? 0 = 7; 0 – 7 = –
7

Lets7 take
– 0 ≠0 – 7
an
example
 COMMUTATI Two rational numbers can be multiplied in any order
VITY

Operation Numbers Remarks

What do An
Multiplication Multiplication is
you d
0 × = ;7 × 0 = 0
observe ? 7 0 commutative

i.e. 0 × 7 = 7 × 0
Lets take
For
anany two whole
numbers
example
a and b,

a ×b =b ×a
COMMUTATI
VITY

Operation Numbers Remarks

DivisionWhat do An
you d Division is not
7
observe ÷
? 0 N.d
= ;0 ÷ 7 = 0 commutative

Lets7 take
÷ 0 ≠ 0÷ 7
an
example
Module 02
ASSOCIATIVI Three rational numbers can be grouped in any order
TY

Operation Numbers Remarks

What do An
Addition Addition is
you d
7
observe ?
+¿ (25) 1 (72) 5 = 1 associative
4 4
= ;

i.e.Lets
7 (25)
+¿ take= (72) 5
Foranany three whole
example..
numbers
. a, b and c

a (b c) =(a b)
+¿ +¿ +¿ +¿c
 ASSOCIATIVI
TY

Operation Numbers Remarks

What do An
Subtraction Subtraction is not
you d
7
observe–?(25) 1 (72) 5 = 0 associative
0
= ;

Lets take ≠ (72) 5

7–(25)
an
example
 ASSOCIATIVI Three rational numbers can be grouped in any order
TY

Operation Numbers Remarks

What do An
Multiplication Multiplication is
you d
7×
observe (2×5)
? = 7; (7×2)×5 = 7 associative
0 0
i.e. 7×(2×5) =(7×2)×5
Lets take
For
anany two whole
numbers
example
a, b and c

a×(b×c) =(a×b)×c
ASSOCIATIVI
TY

Operation Numbers Remarks

What do An
Division Subtraction is not
you d
7÷?(25) =17.
observe ;(72) 5 = 0. associative
5 7

Lets take ≠ (72) 5

7÷(25)
an
example
 Additive
Inverse
Q.1)
Write the additive inverse of each of the following.

Examples: Negative of
(i) Integers

Sol. × –1 =
𝟐 –𝟐
𝟖 𝟖

(ii)

Sol. × –1 =
–𝟓 𝟓
𝟗 𝟗
 Additive
Inverse
Q.1)
Write the additive inverse of each of the following.

Examples: Negative of
(iii) Integers

Sol. = × –1 =
–𝟔 𝟔 𝟔
–𝟓 𝟓 –𝟓
 Multiplicative
Inverse
Q.2)
Write the multiplicative inverse of each of the following.

Examples: Reciprocal of
(i) Integers

Sol. – 𝟏𝟑= 𝟏
– 𝟏𝟑

(ii)

Sol. =
– 𝟏𝟑 𝟏𝟗
𝟏𝟗 – 𝟏𝟑
Module 03
 EXERCISE

Find using distributivity

7 7
Q. × 3 + × 5
5 12 5 12 What
What are
are the
Since the
uncommon
common factors?
denominator is
Sol factors?
same
. 7
7 7
7 5 7 3 5
× + × = × +
5
5 12 5
5 12 5 1 12
3

2
7 3 + 5
= ×
5 1
1 2
7 2
= ×
5 6 12

7
=
3
0
 EXERCISE

Using appropriate properties

find: 2 3 1 What
What are
are the
the
× 3 + 1 × 2
1
Q. ×  uncommon
5 7 62 2 1 5 common factors?
factors?

4
Sol = 2 × + 1 × 2 1 (Using
. 5 7 1 5 4
3
commutativity)

4
2 1
= +  1 (Using
5 7 1 4
3

4 distributivity)
+ 7 –4 –7
= 2  1 =
5 4 2
42
9
–
7 8 = 8
1
2
1
= × –35  1 11
2
51 9 4 8
8 7
49
= –  1
1
7 4
Module 04
Q. Using appropriate properties find
2 3 + 5  3 1

What are the

 × ×
3 5 2 5 6
uncommon
common factors?
2 3 5 3 1
factors?
Sol.  × +  ×
3 5 2 5 6
2
= × 3  3 × 1 + 5 (Using associativity)
3 5 5 6 2
3 2  1 + 5 (Using distributivity)
–2 × 2 1
=
5 3 6 2
3 × 6
–+5
+ 5 –42= 1 2
1
–2
41
= 3
6 46
5 6 =
2
1
3 × 5 + 5
= 21
62 2
=
5 =2
1 5
= +
2 2
Q. Name the property under multiplication used in each of the

Is this in the form of a × 1 = 1 × a = a

following:
Sr. No. Rational number Multiplicative inverse
When we identity
multiply rational number
with 1, we get rational number as
(i) –4 –4 4
×1 = 1 × 1 is the multiplicative
we get that rational number as the product
=–
5 5 5
the product
a 1 1 a
Lecture 02
Module 05
 EXERCISE

Q. Write five rational numbers which are smaller than 2.

Sol.
1 1 1 –1 –1
3 , 4 , 2 , 2 , 5 , and so on.
Q. Find ten rational numbers
between:
–2 an 1
Q.
5 d 2 Converting –2 an 1 having same
Sol 5 d 2
–2 –2 × 2 denominators
–4 2 –8 such that difference
. = = × =
5 5 × 2 between
10 × 2 the 20numerators
Same is more
than 10. denominators
1 ×
1 5 5 2 10 The difference
= = × =
2 2× 5 10 × 2 20 between the
numerators is not
–2 an 1 more than 10
Ten rational numbers between
5 d 2
are
–7 –6 –5 –4 –3 –2 –1 1 2
, , , , , , , 0, ,
20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20
Q. Find five rational numbers
between:
1 an 1
Q.
4 d 2 Converting 1 an 1 having same
Sol 4 d 2
1 1 × 1 denominators
1 8 8 such that difference
. = = × =
4 4 × 1 between
4 × 8 the 32numerators
Same is more
than 5. denominators
1 ×
1 2 2 8 16 The difference
= = × =
2 2× 2 4 × 8 32 between the
numerators is not
1 an 1
Five rational numbers between Converting 1 more
an 2than 5
having
4 d 2 4 d 4
are
9 10 11 12 13 denominators such that same
difference
, , , , between the numerators is more
32 32 32 32 32
than 5.
Module 06
 EXERCISE
–(–x) = we need to
x prove
Q. Verify that –(–x) = x
for :
x=  1
3
1
Sol In order to find –x
7 But –13 is the value of x
.
x = –13 …(i) 1
1
–(–x) = – 1 …(ii) 7
7 – on
Multiplying ––1 =+ both the 13
side 7
–1 × x = –1×  1
3
1 –(–x)
In order = –x
to find [ From (i) and (ii)]
1 7 (–x)
Hence
–x =+
3
1 proved
Multiplying –17 on both the
side – +=–
–1 × (– = –1× + 1
x) 3
1
 EXERCISE
What are next number between 40
41 42 to4348?44 45
Q. Find five rational numbers
60 60 60 60 60
between:
2 an 4
Q.
3 d 5 Converting 2 an 4 having same
Sol 3 5
2 2 × 20 40 denominatorsdsuch that
. = =
3 3 × 20 60 difference
Same between the
numerators is more than 5.
denominators
4 4 × 12 48
= =
5 5 × 12 60

41 42 43 44 45
Now, any five rational
60 60 60 60 60
numbers are
 EXERCISE

Q. Find five rational numbers What are next number between –9

between:
–3 an 5 –8 –7to –6
–10 ?
…1 2
Q. 6 6 6 6 6
2 d 3 Converting 2 an 4 with same
Sol 3 d 5
–3 – × 3 – denominators. we
. = =
2 32 × 3 96 have
Same
denominators
5 5× 2 10
= =
3 3× 2 6

–8 –7 –6 1 2
\ Five rational numbers
6 6 6 6 6
are
 EXERCISE

Q. Find five rational numbers 3 an 3

between 5 d What
4 are numbers between 60
3 an 3 6 6 to 63
75 ? 64 6
Q. 1 10
100 3 an
2 10 310such5 that
10
5 d 4 Converti
5 d0 40
06
Sol havengcommon
6 68 69 0 7they
denominators… and
3 3 × 20 60 their 100
numerators
. = = 6 10 7 10 have,
10 100
5 5 × 20 10 Same
difference0of more
0 0than0 10, i.e
0 denominators
3 3 × 25 75
= =
4 4 × 25 100

\ Ten rational numbers 6 6 63 64 6 6 6 68 69 7

are 1
100 20 10 10 10
1 5 1600 7 0
10 10 10 10
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Module 07
 Reciprocal
What is the 2
Q. Find the multiplicative inverse of the

reciprocal of 5
following

What is the –1
Sr. No. Rational number Multiplicative inverse
reciprocal of 1

(i) –1 × –2 = 2 5
5 5 2
5
–1 –1
2
(ii)
–1
=–
1
1
 for : 1
Q. Verify that –(–x) = x
x= We need to
1 prove
Sol 5 In order to find –x
But 11 is the value of x
. x = 11 …(i) 1
1
–(–x) = 1 …(ii) 5
5 on both the
Multiplying –1 1
side 5
–1 × x = –1× 1
1 –(–x)
In order = –x
to find [ From (i) and (ii)]
1 5 (–x)
Hence
–x =–
1 proved
5 on both the
Multiplying –1
side – –=
+
–1 × (– = –1× – 1
x) 1
5
Module 08
 EXERCISE

Q. Find the multiplicative inverse of the –

Reciprocal
What is the
following 131
reciprocal of
Sr. No. Rational number Multiplicative inverse–1 –
What is the
–1 13 13
1
(i) reciprocal of
– 13 1 What is the 9 1
–13 –19 –19 5
3 reciprocal of
(ii) 15
19 13 What is13 the
1 reciprocal5of 5
(iii) 5 1 6
5 56
(iv) –5 × –3 =1 5 15
8 7 5 6
1
(–5) ×(–3) 6 5
8 ×7
=1
5
6
 EXERCISE

Q. Name the property under multiplication used in each –of the

What is the
following 19
2
reciprocal of
Sr. No. Multiplicative Property used Is this in the form9 of a × b = b × a
(i) 29
Commutativity
1 –2 – –
–3 ×
1 7
=
27
×
13
1 Whenever
– a number
(ii) 7 –b
×
2a 7b
Multiplicative inverse 19multiplied
So what by itscalled as ?
is the property
reciprocal then which
a
19
2 –9
9 19
property is used?
Commutativity
Multiplicative
inverse
 EXERCISE

Q. Multipl 6 by the –
–7
y 1 reciprocal of 7
1
What is the
3 6 1
reciprocal of
6
6 ×
Reciprocal
1 1
7
of –

3 6
6 × – 167
1 167

3
6 ×(16)
=
1 ×7
3
= 96
9
1
Lecture 03
Module 09
 Q. Tell what property allows you to
compute
1 4 1 4 Is this in the form of a ×(b × c) = (a × b)
×6 × as ×6 × ×c
3 3 3 3

So what is the property called as ?

a b c a b c

1 4 1 4
In computing3 ×6 × 3 as 3 ×6 × 3
Associativity
we use the associativity property.
 Is 8
1
Q. the multiplicative inverse
– 1 of why or why not ?
9 8
The product of a
rational number and
8 1
its multiplicative
Sol. × –1
9 8
8 – 9–1 inverse is equal to 1.
= ×
9 8
= –1
≠ 1

\ 8 is not the multiplicative inverse of –11

9 because the product is not 1. 8
 1
Q. Is 0.3 the multiplicative inverse
3 of why or why not ?
3
The product of a
rational number and
Sol. 1

its multiplicative
0.3 × 3
3

=
3
×
10 inverse is equal to 1.
10 3

= 1
1
 0.3 is the multiplicative inverse of 3
as the product is 1. 3
Module 10
Q. Write.

1 The rational number that does not have a reciprocal

Sol. 0

The rational numbers that are

2 equal to their reciprocals.

Sol. 1 and – 1

3 The rational number that is equal to its negative.

Sol. 0
Q. Fill in the blanks:
(i) No reciprocal.
Zero has ______

1 and ____
(ii) The numbers _____ – 1 are their own reciprocals.

–1
(iii) The reciprocal of – 5 is ___.
5

1
(iv) Reciprocal of x
,where x ≠ 0 is___.
x

The product of two rational numbers is

(v)
always aRational Number
_________________.

The reciprocal of a positive rational

(vi)
number is _________ .
Positive
Module 11
 8 4
Q. Simplify +

Sol
–15 –3
Denominators
Lets make them of both
. Multiply
Lets add
L.C.M 15equal
of &
8 4
rational
by numbers
taking are
isL.C.M
+
8 × –1 + 4 × –1 divide
andthe
3by –1
15
–15 –3
not
not positive
equal
–3 × –1 numerators
?
–15 × –1
=
–8 + –4 3 ×5 = 15
15 3
=
–8 + –4 × 5 Denominat
15 3×5 ors
=
–8 + –20 are equal
15 15
=

–8 + (–20)
15
=
–8 – 20
15
=
–28
15
=
 Denominators of both
8 1 ×2 ? = 24 rational numbers are
5 3
and
positive
Q. Add

? = 24
2
12
8 ×3
2 12, 8
Sol
. Denominators of both
5 3 2 6, 4
+
rational numbers are
5× 2 + 3× 3
12 8 2 3, 2

8 × Denominat
3 Lets add not equal
12 × 2
3 3, 1
ors
=

10 + 9 the
are equal
Lets make them equal
1, 1

24 24 numerators
by taking L.C.M
= LCM of 12 and 8

10 + 9
= 2 × 2 × 2× 3
= 24
24
=
19
24
=
 Denominators of both
Lets make them equal
7
Q. Simplify + 16
rational numbers
13 are
by taking L.C.M
–26 39
26, 39
Sol not equal 2 2, 3
. Multiply &
7
+ 16

7 × –1 + 16 divide by –1
–26 39 3 1, 3

–26 × –1 3
? = 78
= 1, 1
–7 1 9 3 ×2 LCM of 26 and 39

? = 78
26 6
3 9
2 ×3
= + = 13 × 2 × 3
9 Lets add
6
= 78
–7 × 3 16× 2 Denominat
26 × 3 39× 2 the
ors
numerators
= +

–21 32 are equal

78 78
= +

–21+ 32
78
=
11
78
=
Module 12
 Denominators of each
Q. Find 44 × 3?3 = 1236 × 4?63=×12 ?2 = 124? = 12 rational
+ 3 ×
2 Letsnumbers
make are equal
them
? = 12 by taking
–7 5 –5 1 –1
Lets find L.C.M of 4,3,3,6, 2
+ + +
2 ×6 not equal L.C.M
6&2
2 4,
Sol
.
–7 5 –5 1 –1 2 2, 3, 3, 1
+ + + +
4 3 6 3 2
–7 × 3 × × 1× 4 –1 × 6
+ 5 4 + –5 2 +
3 1, 3, 3, 1

4×3 3×4 6× 2 3×4 2×6

= + 1, 1, 1, 1

–21 20 –10 4 –6
LCM of 4,3,6,2

12 12 12 12 12
= 2×2×3
= + + + +
= 12
–21 + 20 + (–10) + 4 + (–6)
12
=
–37+ 24
12
=
–13
12
=
 Denominators of each
5 ×2? = 140
5 220× 7 ?114 140
1 2?
?77=×14010= 140 rational
Letsnumbers are equal
make them
?
–12 + –7 + 3 + 1 + –1
8
Q. Evaluate
0 4 0 0 1 ×1 = 140notby
equal
taking L.C.M
=×
2 5, 20, 14, 7, 10
Sol –12 + –7 + 3 + 1 + –1 0 4
.
5 5, 10, 7, 7, 5
5 20 14 7 10
–12 × 28 – × 7 × 10 1 × 20 –1 × 14
7 1, 2, 7, 7, 1

5 × 28 7 20 × 7 14 × 10 7 × 20 10× 14
= + + 3 + + 2 1, 2, 1, 1, 1

– – 30 2 –
1, 1, 1, 1, 1

336
140 49
14 140 0
14 14
14
= + + + + LCM of 5, 20, 14, 7, 10

– + (–0 + 30 + 20 +0(–14)0
= 2×5×7×2
336 49) 140
= = 140

–399+ 50
140
=

–349
140
=
Module 13
 EXERCISE

Prove that :
Now
Now
Now
Let open
let
open
us the
us
the
1st take
–3 8 8 –3
Q. = Bracket
solve RHS
Bracket
LHS
1 1 1 1
× ×

6 5 5 6
Sol 1
–3 8 (– × 8 –24 –1
. LH = = = =
1 1 1 × 15 1 24 10
S
×
5 0 0
3)
6 1
8 –3 8 × (–3) = –24 = –1
6

RH = =
1 1 1 × 16 24 10
S
×
1
5 6 0 0
∴ LH = RH
5

S S
8 –3
Henc –3 × 8 =
1 1 1 1
e,
×

6 5 5 6
 EXERCISE
Let us group
Solve : Since there are
the term with
3 + 7  11 + –2 equal same
Q. + Since there are
5 3 5 3 denominator
denominator equal
3 + 7 11 + –2 3 7 denominator
+ = +
Sol 5 3 5 3 5 5 3 3
11 2
+ +
.
= 3 +
{ +(11)
5} 7 3}
{ +(2)

–8 + 5
=
5 3
(24 +25
=
1 )
1 5
=
1
5
Lecture 04
Module 14
 × × ×
–3 4 9 –10 1 3
Q. Solve + –
2 5 5 3 2 4

Sol –3
×
4 9
×
–10 1
×
3
.
+
2 5 5 3 – 2 4
–3 × 4 9 × –10 1× 3
2 3 2

1 2 × 5 1 5 × 3 1 2× 4 L.C.M of 5,
= + –

–3 × 2 3 × –2 1× 3 1 ,8 is 40
1 × 5 5 ×1 8 ?×1=1×404?8 2=××40
?4
5 = 40
= + –

–6 –6 –3 0
= + +
–6 × 8 –6 × 40 3× 5
5 1 8

5 × 8 1 × 40 8× 5
= + –
–48 240 15
= – –
40 40 40
–48 – 240 – 15
= 40
–303
= 40
 × – 1× ×
–7 15 1 1 1
Q. +
Lets make
2 6,them
4, 8 equal
18 –7 4 2 4

× × × by taking L.C.M
Sol. –7 15 1 1 1 1
– +
1 –7 × 15 5 1× 1 1× 1
18 –7 1 4 2 4 2 3, 2, 4
= 18 × –7 – 1 × 4 + 2 × 4 2 3, 1, 2

? =?24=8224
1× 5 1×1 1×1
6 1

?
= 6 × 1 – 1××444× 6
3 3, 1, 1
6 ×4
×3 = 24
+
1, 1, 1
5 1 1

5× 4 – 1× 6 + 1× 3
= 6 – 4 + 8 L.C.M of 6, 4, 8

6×4 4×6 8×3

= 2×2×2×3
=
20 – 6 + 3
= 24

24 24 24
=
20 – 6 + 3
=
24
23 – 6
= 24
17
= 24
Module 15
 EXERCISE Let us a
assume b
27
Q. Fill in the ÷ (….) =  15
16 8
blanks :
Sol 2 a –15 What is the
. ÷ =
7
1 b 8 reciprocal
6 of ? =
27 × b = –15
To 16 a 8
convert 5 2
÷ to × b = –15 × 16 What is the =
a 8 2 reciprocal
9
∴
1
But, we b – 7 of ?
have to find
∴ a = 10 9
the value of a –
∴ =
b 9
1
0
Hence, the missing number is–9
1
0
 EXERCISE

Q. What number should be added to to

get
Sol Let the other number to be added be
. x

We have to find 4
=
the value of x 8 9
7
x +
4 –7
∴ x =
9 8
–

7
∴ x = 4 +
9 8
(32+63
∴ x = )
72
∴ x = 95
7
2 95
Hence, the required
number is 7
 EXERCISE
Since x is subtracted
from –7
Q. What number should be subtracted from to 1
get –1 6
Sol Let the other number to be subtracted
. be x
5 – x = –1
7 –5
∴ – = –1
We have to find – 7
x
the value of x 5
∴ – = – +
x 1 7
(–7 + 5)
∴ – =
x 7
∴ – = –
x 27
∴ x = 2
7
Hence, the required 2
number is 7
 EXERCISE

Q. The sum of two rational numbers is -5. If one of them is

Sol
. x + 13 = –5
6
Let the other ∴ x = –5 –
–13
number be x. 6
∴ x = – + 1
51 36

(30 + 13)
∴ x =
6
∴ x = 17
6
Hence, the required
6
17
number is
Module 16
 EXERCISE

Q. Tell what property allows you to

compute
Is this in the form of a ×(b × c) = (a × b)
1 ×6 × 4 as 1 ×6 × 4
3 3 3 3 ×c

So what is the property called as ?

a b c a b c

1 4 1 4
In computing 3 × 6 × 3 as 3 ×6 × 3
Associativity
we use the associativity
 EXERCISE

7
Q. Represen on the number
t 4 line
Give aDenominator
Draw
4 8
7 ‘4’ to line
number each number
is 1 is 2
Q.
4 4 4
A

0 11 22 33 4
14 55 66 77 8
28
4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
9 10
 EXERCISE

–2 – –9
Q. Represen , , on the number
1 5 1
1
t line
1 1 –11
1 Give aDenominator
Draw
–2 , –5 , –9 is – ‘11’ to each number
Q. 11 1 number line
1 1 1
1 1 1
C B A

–1 10–10 –9
–11 –8 –7 –6 –5 –4 –3 –2 –1 0
11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11
11 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
 EXERCISE

–5
Q. Represen on the number
t 6 line
Give aDenominator
Draw –6
–5 ‘6’ to line is –
each number
Q. number 6 1
6
B
–9 –8 –7 –1
–6 –5 –4 –3 –2 –1 0
6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6
9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Module 17
 Which of the numbers and is
Example 1
greater ?
Sol.
3 × (–1)
One number = = = The other number
𝟑 –𝟑 –𝟓
-4 × (–1) Which is the
greater
–𝟒 𝟒 𝟔
LCM of 4 and 6= 𝟏𝟐To compare the number from
(–3) × 3 number
Multiply the –9What is
= = First What
12we should & – 10?
First
× 3 we make the
fraction equal
by –1 LCM of 4
–𝟑 –𝟗
4 What
be
write each
should
multiplied
of

denominator Take
betomultiplied
and 6
𝟒 𝟏𝟐
6 to get 12
(–5)3× 2 the given
LCM
to 4 to get
? 12
= = 2
6 × 2 numbers
𝟏𝟐 with
–𝟓 – 𝟏𝟎
?

positive
𝟔
–9 > –10 denominator


 Hence,
 Arrange the numbers , and in ascending
Example 2
order.
Sol. 7 × (–1)
We have = =
– 𝟏𝟎 (–10) × (–1) 𝟏𝟎LetWhich us is the
Workin
𝟕 –𝟕 g
5 5 ,8 ,10

– 𝟑 – 𝟕 compare– 𝟓 smaller 2 1 ,8 ,2
Thus, the given numbers are , three 𝟖of the from
𝐚𝐧𝐝 number
First we
2 1 ,4 ,1

LCM of 5,10 and To is 40 the the numerators

Multiply
8 arrange –28 ,What
–25 &is–
𝟓 𝟏𝟎
write each What
of should
2 1 ,2 ,1
(–3) ×fraction–by
8 number𝟐𝟒–1
be multiplied
24? of
LCM
= =
the 𝟒𝟎
given What should
1 ,1 ,1
What should5,10and 8?
–𝟑
𝟓 First 5we × 8make the40equal
to 5 be
to get 40
multiplied
numbers with be

multiplied
– 𝟕 denominator
=Take
(–7) × 4 ?
toto
8 10
to get 40
to get
= positive
𝟐𝟖
LCM ? ?
–
10 × 4 40
denominator

8
𝟏𝟎 𝟒𝟎
(–5) × 5
= = 45
–𝟓 – 𝟐𝟓
8 ×5

𝟖 𝟒𝟎

< < Hence i.e.,

 – 𝟐𝟖 – 𝟐𝟓 – 𝟐𝟒
𝟒𝟎 𝟒𝟎 𝟒𝟎
Module 18
Q.) Which of the following is greater:

(i) ,
Which is the
4 × (–1) – 𝟒 smaller
Sol. We have, = = =
𝟒
– 𝟓 –5 × (–1) 𝟓 number from
To= compare
LCM of 5 and 10 10 the What is –8&–7?
number
Multiply
First we theWhatLCMshould
of 5
–4 × 2 fraction by –1be multiplied
and 10?
First
= we make
write the
=each equal
of
–𝟒 𝟖
to510
toto get
–
5×2 𝟏𝟎 to get 10
denominator the Take
given

10 10? ?
𝟓
(–7) numbers
=LCM
21 with
×1
=
𝟕 – 𝟕
10 × 1 positive

𝟏𝟎 𝟏𝟎
–8 < –7 denominator


Hence, <

Q.) Arrange the following rational numbers in
descending order :
(ii) , , ,
Which is the
23 × (–1) – What greater
Sol. We have, =
𝟐𝟑 should
= = number from
𝟐𝟑
– 𝟐𝟒 –24 × (–1) 𝟐𝟒 be multiplied
What is – 120, – 84, –
What should To arrange
LCM of 6, 12, 18, –24=144 the to 24
LCMto get
of 104 & –138 ?
be multiplied
Firstnumber
we – 𝟕
Multiply the What
144?
should
6,12,18
–5 × –7 ×
to 18
=First
to getwe= make the
6
And equal
= be multiplied
=
× write each of
fraction by –11212 and24?
𝟓 𝟏𝟐𝟎 – 𝟖𝟒
624
– –
𝟔144? ×6 to get
denominator Take
the given
to

24 12144? – 𝟏𝟑𝟖
𝟏𝟒𝟒 𝟏𝟐 𝟏𝟒𝟒
– 𝟏𝟑 –13
=
× 8 – 𝟏𝟎𝟒
numbers
= LCM
with =
And
– 𝟐𝟑 –23 ×6
=
𝟏𝟖 18 × 8 𝟏𝟒𝟒 𝟐𝟒 24 × 6 𝟏𝟒𝟒
positive


–84 denominator
–104
¿ ¿ ¿ –120 –138


Hence,
