What is national unity?

A national unity government, government of

national unity (GNU), or national union
government is a broad coalition government
consisting of all parties (or all major parties) in
the legislature, usually formed during a time of
war or other national emergency.
• Why is India called land of unity in diversity?
• NDIA IS CALLED ""LAND OF UNITY IN
DIVERSITY " BECAUSE ;⇒India consists of
various religion people and all of them live
together happily in the land of India. ...
Though there were different religions but at
the time of freedom they were united
without any discrimination.
• How does India exhibit unity in diversity?
• Answer: India has always been a mixture of
different languages and cultures. It exhibits
unity in diversity in the following
ways: ... People belonging to various castes,
religions, languages and colour work
together for the betterment of the country.
The first National Unity Day was celebrated on
October 31, 2014.
National Unity Day or Rashtriya Ekta Diwas is
celebrated on October 31 every year. The
Government of India introduced the day in 2014
to mark the birth anniversary of the Iron Man
of India - Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel. This year
marks Patel's 146th birth anniversary.
National Unity Day or Rashtriya Ekta Diwas is
celebrated on October 31 since 2014. The day is
observed with patriotic events to mark the birth
anniversary of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel – the
man who played an important role in the
unification of India. He is popularly known as the
“Iron Man of India”.
 Unity equals good guidance, proper growth
and true development. It provides a constant
source of positive motivation and greater
accomplishment. While many factors contribute
to the overall development of a country,
national unity is the most vital.
• National unity can be promoted in the
following ways:
• Tolerance for each other, irrespective of
religious and ethnic affiliations.
• Showing hospitality especially to the
strangers.
• Living a life devoid of discrimination against
other tribes.
• Encouraging inter-tribal marriages, etc.
• Characteristics of a United Society
• There must be social cohesion and cooperation.
• All interests are geared towards the societal
goals and objectives.
• There must be peace and stability.
• There must be leaders with political will.
• The people must be law abiding citizens.
• There must be peace, progress and
development.
• What does it mean to promote national unity?
• National unity is the living together of a
particular ethnic group or nation in peace
and harmony, devoid of any form of
disagreement, anarchy or animosity. This is
aimed at promoting their economic and social
status. People with a viable national unity
usually performs better than places without
national unity.
• How can national integration be promoted?
• This is one of the most important factors in
promoting national integration. Tolerance and
respect for other caste or religion support to
promote national integrity. Education, social
and cultural unity, equality among people also
helps to teach the feeling of national
integration.
• What is the importance of unity in diversity?
• Unity in Diversity is important to follow in
schools, colleges, workplaces, public places,
etc. When we work with diverse people, it
provides an opportunity for exposure and
also increases our tolerance for other people.
Unity in Diversity makes us respect other’s
opinion and also improves the quality of
teamwork.
• What is meant by freedom struggle?
• A freedom movement is any organized effort
within a society to promote, or attain,
liberation or independence, based on social,
political, economic, religious, or other
ideological grounds.
 ROLE OF MAHATMA GANDHI
October 2 is Gandhi Jayanthi, the birth
anniversary of the Father of the Nation. His
method of winning Independence for India was
unique. He preached and practised non-violence
and non-cooperation to achieve his goal. He
campaigned to uplift the downtrodden, to ease
poverty, expand woman’s rights, build religious
and ethnic amity, end untouchability and more.
What Gandhi achieved in his life was a miracle.
He lived in the hearts of millions of Indians and
was respected by all. He laid great emphasis on
banishing untouchability, promoting Hindu-
Muslim unity, promoting literacy and in the
development of a great nation —India. He
moved the people with his sincerity and
sacrifice. At his behest, they were ready to lay
down their lives for the freedom of the country
from foreign powers. His name lives on. Even
after all these years, his principles, dedication
and mission continue to inspire the country.
 NON COOPERATION MOVEMENT
Non cooperation movement was a mass
movement which was launched by Gandhi in
1920. It was a peaceful and a non-violent protest
against the British government in India. ...
People had to resign from their government
jobs. People were asked to withdraw their
children from government-controlled or aided
schools and colleges.
• Features of the Non-Cooperation Movement
• Non-Cooperation in simple terms meant not
to cooperate and that is what the Indian
leaders appealed to the masses to do and not
to support the British government in any
manner. The movement spread across the
country and the people boycotted the use of
foreign goods, in addition to not attending
schools and colleges and even not serving at
posts in the British government.
• The following were the features of the Non-Cooperation Movement:
• The movement was essentially a non-violent means to protest against the
British government in India.
• The Indians vacated their posts and relinquished their titles conferred
upon by the British government as a means of protest.
• People were asked to resign from government jobs and even withdraw
their children from schools and colleges that were aided by the British
government.
• Foreign goods were boycotted and the use of Indian goods was
encouraged.
• It was decided that no taxes would be paid to the government in any form.
• Indians were asked not to serve in the British army.
• The Indian National Congress demanded “Swarajya” during this
movement.
• The movement was an integral and a decisive step towards independence
and it was for the first time that the Indian National Congress and its
leaders were ready to forego constitutional means to achieve
independence.
• Suspension of Non-Cooperation Movement
• The Non-Cooperation Movement, despite being a
popular movement and the one that amassed a lot
of support from across India was suspended when
it was at its peak. This happened because of some
violent incidents that took place in the country
that were against the ideas of Mahatma Gandhi.
• The Non-Cooperation Movement was rolled back
in February 1922 in the wake of the Chauri Chaura
incident. In Chauri Chaura, a violent mob attacked
a police station and killed almost 22 policemen.
• The movement was able to:
• Enhance communal harmony between the
Hindus and Muslims in India.
• Make the Indians aware of their political rights.
• Promoted the use of Indian weaved cloth, Khadi,
because the Indians refused to work in British-
run mills.
• Encourage young Indians to throng to jails
willingly and fight for their rights.
• Reduce the import of sugar from Britain.
• Established the popularity of the Congress in
India.
 CIVIL DISOBEDIENCE MOVEMENT
Civil disobedience movement was a landmark
event in the Indian Nationalist movement. In
many ways, the civil disobedience movement is
credited for paving the way for freedom in India.
It was significant in many ways as it was a
movement spread to the urban areas and
witnessed the participation of women and
people belonging to the lower castes.
• Impact of Civil Disobedience Movement
• The impact of the civil disobedience
movement reverberated far and wide. It
created distrust towards the British
government and laid the foundation for the
freedom struggle, and popularised the new
method of propaganda like the Prabhat,
pheris, pamphlets, etc. Following the defiance
of forest law in Maharashtra, Karnataka, and
Central province and the refusal to pay the
rural ‘Chaukidari tax’ in Eastern India, the
government ended the oppressive salt tax.
 Quit India Movement

The day is celebrated by paying tribute to

freedom fighters with national integration
speeches and other events.
• The Quit India Movement also known as India
August Movement or Bharat Chhoro Andolan
was launched at the Bombay session of the All
India Congress Committee (AICC) by Mahatma
Gandhi on August 8, 1942.
• The protest was initiated to demand an end to
the British rule in India. Since the movement
was held in August it is also known as August
Kranti or August Movement.
• Mumbai’s Gowalia Tank Maidan also known as
August Kranti Maidan is the place where
Mahatma Gandhi delivered his speech
marking the beginning of the Quit India
Movement. Mahatma along with other
leaders gathered here on August 8 and 9,
1942. The maidan also houses a monument as
a tribute to the historical event.
In his speech at Mumbai’s Gowalia Tank,
Gandhiji called the nation to ‘Do or Die’ in his
speech. Within hours of the speech, almost the
entire INC was imprisoned without trial.
• Several national leaders like Mahatma Gandhi,
Abul Kalam Azad, Jawaharlal Nehru and Sardar
Vallabhbhai Patel were arrested.
• The Congress was declared an unlawful
association, leaders were arrested and its
offices all over the country were raided and
their funds were frozen.
• The first half of the movement was peaceful
with demonstrations and processions. The
peaceful protest was carried till Mahatma
Gandhi’s release.
• The second half of the movement was violent
with raids and setting fire at post offices,
government buildings and railway stations.
Lord Linlithgow adopted the policy of
violence.
• After the arrest of major leaders, young Aruna
Asaf Ali presided over the AICC session.
Despite several police warnings and
government notices for banning public
processions and assemblies, a large crowd
gathered at Mumbai’s Gowalia Tank Maidan
where Aruna Asaf Ali hoisted the flag.
• The final phase of the movement was marked
on September 1942 where mobs getting
together and bombings in government places
of Mumbai and Madhya Pradesh.
• The British refused to grant immediate
independence and stated that it could only be
granted after the war ended. Finally, India got
independence in 1947.